Latin Dictionary by Bible History Online abacus -i, m. (a square board); hence (sideboard, counting board, gaming board, ceiling, panel). abalienatio -onis, f. (transfer of property). abalieno -are, (to make alien, separate, estrange). abavus -i, m. (great-great-grandfather). Abdera -orum, n. pl., also -ae, f., (a town in Thrace, noted for the stupidity of its, inhabitants). abdicatio -onis, f. (disowning, renunciation). abdico (1) -are, (to renounce, reject); esp. of magistracies, (to abdicate), often with reflex., and ablative of office. abdico (2) -dicere -dixi -dictum, in augury, (to disapprove of). abdo -dere -didi -ditum, (to put away, withdraw, remove); esp. (to secrete, hide). Hence partic., abditus -a -um, (concealed, secret). Adv. abdite. abdomen -inis, n. (belly); hence (gluttony). abduco -ducere -duxi -ductum, (to lead or take away, detach, withdraw). abeo -ire -ii -itum, (to go away); 'abi', (be off with you); 'abi in malam rem' (go to the devil)., Trans., (to retire) from office; (to depart) from life, (die); in discussion, (to digress); in form, (to change); of things, (to pass away, disappear, vanish); (to pass over) from owner to owner. abequito -are, (to ride off). aberratio -onis, f. (escape, relief). aberro -are, (to wander, deviate, escape). abhinc, (1) (hereafter). (2) (ago): 'abhinc annos tres', or 'annis tribus', (three, years ago). abhorreo -ere, (to shrink back from); hence (to be inconsistent with or opposed to); 'a fide', (to be incredible). Pres. part., as adj., (unseasonable, inappropriate). abicio -icere -ieci -iectum, (to throw down or away). Transf., (to pronounce carelessly, break off abruptly,; to get rid of, give up; to dash to the ground, weaken, dishearten). Hence, partic. abiectus -a -um; of position (low, common); of character (cowardly, mean); of style, (without force, prosaic). Adv. abiecte, (without spirit, meanly). abiectio -onis, f. (throwing away); 'animi', (despondency, despair). abiegnus -a -um, (of fir wood). abies -etis, f. (the silver fir); meton., (anything made of fir, such as a ship or spear). abigo -ere -egi -actum, (to drive away); of cattle, (to remove, steal). Transf., (to banish, be rid, of): 'uxorem', (to divorce). abitio -onis, f. (going away, departure; place of egress). abitus -us, m., (going away, departure; place of egress). abiudico -are, (to take away by a judgement). abiungo -iungere -iunxi -iunctum, (to unharness); hence (to estrange, detach). abiuro -are, (to abjure, deny on oath). ablativus -a -um, (ablative). ablegatio -onis, f. (sending away, banishment). ablego -are, (to send away, remove to a distance). abligurio -ire, (to lick away); hence (to squander). abludo -ere, (to be out of tune). abluo -luere -lui -lutum, (to wash clean; to wash away). abnego -are, (to deny, refuse). abnepos -otis, m. (great-great-grandson). abneptis -is, f. (great-great-granddaughter). abnocto -are, (to stay out all night). abnormis -e, (irregular, unconventional). abnuo -nuere -nui, fut. partic. -nuiturus, (to refuse by a gesture,to deny). aboleo -ere -evi -itum, (to destroy, do away with). abolesco -ere -evi, (to perish). abolitio -onis, f. (removing, annulling, abolition). abolla -ae, f. (a cloak of thick woollen cloth). abomino -are and abominor -ari, dep. (1) (to deprecate): 'quod abominor', (God forbid). (2) (to hate, detest). aborior -oriri -ortus, dep.: of heavenly bodies, (to set); poet., of the voice, (to fail). aboriscor -i, = aborior: q.v. abortio -onis, f. (untimely birth, miscarriage). abortivus -a -um, (prematurely born). abortus -us, m. (miscarriage). abrado -radere -rasi -rasum, (to scrape off, shave). Transf., (to squeeze out, to extort). abripio -ripere -ripui -reptum, (to snatch away, drag off, remove, detach). abrodo -rodere -rosi -rosum, (to gnaw off). abrogatio -onis, f. (annulling, repealing). abrogo -are, (to repeal, annul, remove, take away). abrotonum -i, n. and abrotonus -i, m. (southern-wood). abrumpo -rumpere -rupi -ruptum, (to break off, sever; to remove, dissociate; to break off prematurely, destroy). Hence partic. abruptus -a -um, (steep, precipitous, abrupt, rough)., N. as subst., (a steep place). Adv. abrupte. abruptio -onis, f. (tearing away); hence (divorce). abscedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, (to go away, depart, retire, desert). abscessio -onis, f. (going away, separation). abscessus -us, m. (going away, withdrawal). abscido -cidere -cidi -cisum, (to cut off; to separate or take away). Hence partic. abscisus -a -um, (precipitous, abrupt, short). abscindo -scindere -scidi -scissum, (to tear off, wrench away); 'venas', (to cut open the veins); poet., 'abscissa, comas', (with her hair torn). Transf., (to divide or separate). abscondo -condere -condi (-condidi) -conditum (-consum), (to conceal; to lose sight of); pass., of stars, (to set). Adv. from partic., abscondite, (obscurely). absens -entis, (absent); see also absum. absentia -ae, f. (absence). absilio -ire -ii or -ui, (to spring forth or away). absimilis -e, (unlike). absinthium -i, n. (wormwood). absisto -sistere -stiti, (to go away) from a place or person; (to desist) from an action. absolutio -onis, f. (1) (acquittal). (2) (perfection). absolutorius -a -um, (relating to acquittal). absolvo -solvere -solvi -solutum, (to loosen, to free): of an accused person, (to acquit).; of a subject, (to, dispose of, relate in full); in gen. (to complete). Hence partic. absolutus -a, -um, (perfect, complete; unfettered, unconditional). Adv. absolute, (perfectly, completely). absonus -a -um, (inharmonious, discordant, disagreeing). absorbeo -ere -ui, (to swallow, gulp down); hence (to carry away, engross). absque, prep. with abl. (without). abstemius -a -um, (temperate, abstemious). abstergeo -tergere -tersi -tersum, (to wipe off, clean away). absterreo -ere, (to frighten away). abstinentia -ae, f. (self-denial, temperance); sometimes (fasting). abstineo -tinere -tinui -tensum, transit., (to hold back); intransit., (to abstain). Hence present partic., abstinens -entis, (temperate). Adv. abstinenter. absto -are, (to stand aloof). abstraho -trahere -traxi -tractum, (to drag away); hence (to remove, exclude, restrain). abstrudo -trudere -trusi -trusum, (to push away, hide). Hence partic. abstrusus -a -um, (concealed, secret, abstruse); of character, (reserved). absum abesse afui, (1) (to be away, be absent or missing); hence (to take no part) in a thing, (fail to help). (2) (to be far away, to be distant); hence (to be far from), doing a thing, (to be free) from a fault. absumo -sumere -sumpsi -sumptum, (to reduce, consume, waste, destroy). absurdus -a -um, (unmelodious, harsh). Transf., (foolish, unreasonable, out of place); of, persons, (incapable). Hence adv. absurde, (harshly, discordantly; foolishly). abundantia -ae, f. (abundance, plenty; riches, wealth). abunde, (copiously, abundantly); with 'est' and genit., (there is plenty of) a thing. abundo -are, (to overflow; to grow in abundance; to abound, be rich in), esp. with abl., Hence partic. abundans -antis, (overflowing; abundant, numerous; abounding, in); adv. abundanter, (abundantly, copiously). abusque, prep. with abl., (from). abusus -us, m. (using up, wasting). abutor -uti -usus, dep., with abl. (1) (to make full use of). (2) (to abuse, waste); esp. (to use, a word wrongly). ac, see atque. Academia -ae, f., (the Academy), a grove near Athens where Plato taught; meton., (the, Academic school of philosophy). Hence adj. Academicus -a -um,; n. pl., Academica, (Cicero's treatise on the Academic philosophy). acalanthis and acanthis -idis, f., (a small bird), perhaps (siskin). acanthus -i, m. (1) (bear's foot, a plant). (2) (a thorny evergreen). Acarnania -ae, f. (Acarnania, a country in western Greece). Acca Larentia, (a Roman goddess); Larentalia or Accalia -ium, n. pl., (her festival at Rome, in December). accedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, (to approach, come near); of persons, (to enter upon) a course; 'ad rem, publicam', (to begin public life); of things, (to be added); 'hic accedit ut', (it is also true that, moreover). accelero -are, transit., (to quicken, accelerate); intransit., (to hasten). accendo -cendere -cendi -censum, (to kindle, set alight, set on fire). Transf., (to fire, inflame, excite). accenseo -censere -censum, (to reckon in addition). Hence partic. accensus -a -um, (reckoned with); m. as, subst., (an attendant); in plural, accensi, (reserve troops, supernumeraries). acceptio -onis, f. (reception, acceptance). accepto -are, (to receive). acceptus -a -um, partic. from accipio; q.v. accerso, = arcesso; q.v. accessio -onis, f. (a going or coming to; increase; a thing added, appendage). accessus -us, m. (approach, access; means of approach, entrance). accido (1) -cidere -cidi -cisum, (to hew or hack at); hence (to weaken, ruin). accido (2) -cidere -cidi, (to fall down); 'ad pedes', (to fall at a person's feet). Transf., (to happen, fall out). accieo -ere, obs. form of accio; q.v. accingo -cingere -cinxi -cinctum, (to gird on) a weapon; (to equip, arm) a person; with reflex., or in pass., (to arm oneself), hence (to make oneself ready). accio -ire -ivi (-ii) -itum, (to call, summon). accipio -cipere -cepi -ceptum, (to take, receive, accept). Esp. with the senses, (to hear, feel), etc.; with, the understanding, (to grasp, to learn); also (to take, interpret) in a, certain sense; of persons, (to receive hospitably or treat) in any particular, manner; in business, 'acceptum referre', (to enter on the credit side) of an, account book, hence, (to consider oneself indebted to someone for a thing)., Hence partic. acceptus -a -um, (welcome, pleasant, agreeable). accipiter -tris, m. (a hawk). accitus -us, m. (a summons). Accius -a -um, (name of a Roman gens); esp. of L. Accius, tragic poet (170-c.85 B.C.) acclamatio -onis, f. (a loud cry). acclamo -are, (to cry out) (in approval or otherwise);with acc. of person, (to name by, acclamation). acclaro -are, (to make clear, reveal). acclinis -e, (leaning towards, inclined to). acclino -are, (to lean towards, incline to). acclivis -e, (inclined upwards). acclivitas -atis, f. (upward slope). acclivus -a -um, = acclivis; q.v. accola -ae, m. or f. (neighbor); as adj. (living near, neighboring). accolo -colere -colui -cultum, (to live near). accommodatio -onis, f.(1) (proportion or adjusting).(2) (courteousness). accommodatus -a -um, partic. from accommodo; q.v. accommodo -are, (to fit, put on) equipment, etc.; (to make suitable, adjust, adapt). Hence, partic. accommodatus -a -um, (adapted, suitable); adv. accommodate, (agreeably). accommodus -a -um, (fit, adapted). accredo -credere -credidi -creditum, (to believe) (with dat.). accresco -crecere -crevi -cretum, (to grow, increase); with dat. (to be joined to) a thing. accubitio -onis, f. (the act of reclining at table). accubitus -us, m. (the act of reclining at table). accubo -are, (to lie or recline beside), esp. at table; 'apud hominem', (to dine at a man's, house). accumbo -cumbere -cubui -cubitum, (to lie down or recline), esp. at table. accumulator -oris, m. (one who heaps together). accumulo -are, (to heap up, accumulate; to heap things on a person, give in abundance; to, ply, overwhelm a person with things; to increase). Adv. from partic., accumulate, (abundantly, copiously). accuratio -onis, f. (accuracy, carefulness). accuro -are, (to take care of, prepare with care). Hence partic. accuratus -a -um, (done, with care, careful, exact, accurate). Adv. accurate. accurro -currere -curri (-cucurrri) -cursum, (to run to); of ideas, (to occur). accursus -us, m. (running, concourse). accusabilis -e, (blameworthy). accusatio -onis, f. (an accusation, indictment). accusator -oris, m. (an accuser); hence (an informer). accusatorius -a -um, (of or like an accuser); adv. accusatorie. accusatrix -icis, f. (a female accuser). accuso -are, (to accuse); in gen., (to blame, find fault with). acer (1) -eris, n. (the maple tree or maple wood). acer (2) -cris -cre, (sharp, cutting, keen). Hence, to taste, (biting); to touch, (sharp); of, sounds, (shrill); of smells, (penetrating); of sight, (keen); of emotions, (painful); of understanding, (quick, vigorous, energetic). Adv. acriter, (sharply, keenly). acerbitas -atis, f. (bitterness, harshness, painfulness); in plur., (calamities). acerbo -are, (to make bitter, to aggravate). acerbus -a -um, (bitter). Hence, of sounds, (harsh); of looks, (dark, gloomy); of speech or, writing, (bitter); of events, etc., (painful, severe); of persons, (morose);, from the notion of unripeness, (premature). Adv. acerbe, (bitterly, harshly). acernus -a -um, (made of maple wood). acerra -ae, f. (a casket for incense). acervatim, (by acclamation). 'dicere', (to sum up). acervo -are, (to heap up). acervus -i, m. (a heap, mass); in logic, (argument by accumulation). acesco acescere acui, (to grow sour). acetum -i, n. (vinegar). Achaia -ae, f., (the Greek country of Achaia, in the Peloponnese), or in gen. (Greece);, after 146 B.C., (the Roman province of Achaea). Hence adj. and subst. Achaeus, and Achivus, (Achaean, an Achaean). Achates -ae, m. (friend of Aeneas). Acheron -ontis, m. (older form Acheruns -untis) (mythol. river in the lower world; the lower, world itself). Achilles -is and Achilleus -ei, m. (a Greek hero, son of Peleus and Thetis). Adj. Achilleus -a -um. Achivus -a -um, see Achaia. acidus -a -um, (sharp, sour). acies -ei, f. (keenness, edge); of the mind, (penetration, insight); of the eye, (a, piercing look or keen vision); sometimes (the pupil of the eye, or the eye, itself). Milit., (battle line); hence (battle, battlefield). acinaces -is, m. (a Persian sabre). acinus -i, m. and acinum -i, n. (a berry; the seed of a berry). acipenser -eris, also acipensis -is, m. (the sturgeon). aclys -ydis, f. (a small javelin). aconitum -i, n. (monk's hood, aconite; strong poison). acq-, = adq-; q.v. acratophorum -i, n. (a vessel for unmixed wine). acredula -ae, f. (a bird, perhaps thrush, owl, or nightingale). acriculus -a -um, (somewhat sharp in temper). acrimonia -ae, f. (sharpness, keenness). acriter, adv. from acer; q.v. acroama -atis, n. (an entertainment, esp. musical; an entertainer, i.e. reader, actor, or, singer). acroasis -is, f. (reading aloud, recitation). Acroceraunia -orum, n. pl. (part of the Ceraunian mountains); hence (any dangerous place). acta (1) -ae, f. (seashore, beach); meton., (life of the seaside). acta (2) -orum, from partic. of ago; q.v. Actaeon -onis, m. (a hunter turned into a stag by Diana, and killed by his hounds). actio -onis, f. (action, doing); 'gratiarum', (the giving of thanks). Esp. (the action of a, magistrate, a proposal); in the theater, (a plot); at law, (an action or the, bringing of it or right to bring it); also (a legal formula or speech on an, indictment). actito -are, (to be busy, in law-court or theater). Actium -i, n. (a promontory in Acarnania), near which Augustus conquered Antony and, Cleopatra (31 B.C.). Adj. Actiacus and Actius -a -um. actor -oris, m. (1) (a driver). (2) (a doer); esp. (a dramatic actor, player); (a public, speaker; the plaintiff in an action; a manager of property). actuariolum -i, n. (a small skiff). actuarius -a -um, (swift); 'actuaria (navis)', (a fast-sailing vessel). actuosus -a -um, (active); adv. actuose. actus -us, m. (1) (driving, movement), esp. of cattle; hence (right of way for driving, cattle, etc.). (2) (doing, action), esp. on stage; hence (the presentation of, a piece on the stage); also (a division of a piece, an act). actutum, adv. (immediately, directly). aculeatus -a -um, (provided with prickles or stings); hence (pointed, stinging; hair-splitting, subtle). aculeus -i, m. (sting, point); fig., esp. in plur., (painful thoughts, cutting remarks). acumen -inis, n. (sharp point; hence the point of remarks, etc.; sharpness of intellect;, cunning, trickery). acuo -uere -ui -utum, (to sharpen, whet; to quicken, make expert; to inflame, encourage, incite)., Hence partic. acutus -a -um, (sharpened, pointed, acute); to the hearing, (shrill); to touch, (piercing); of events etc., (sharp, painful); of minds, (sharp, keen, intelligent); of orators, (effective). Adv. acute, (keenly, sharply). acus -us, f. (a needle); 'acu pingere', (to embroider); 'acu rem tangere', (to hit the, nail on the head). acutulus -a -um, (rather subtle). acutus, see acuo. ad, prep. with acc. (1) of motion, (towards), to a person or place; 'ad Dianae, (sc. aedem)', (to Diana'a temple); 'ad me', (to my house); often strengthened, by usque. (2) of rest, (at or near). (3) of time: either (to, until) or (at, about). (4) of other relations: (towards, for) a purpose; (concerning, bearing, on; compared with, in addition to; in conformity with; approximating to, about; in consequence of) an event; (as far as, up to) a certain degree; 'ad, summam', (on the whole); 'ad verbum', (literally). adactio -onis, f. (driving, compulsion). adactus -us, m. (bringing to, application). adaeque, (in like manner). adaequo -are, transit., (to make equal); hence, (to compare); intransit., (to match, come, near to). adamanteus -a -um, (hard as steel). adamantinus -a -um, (made of steel). adamas -antis, m. (the hardest steel, adamant); poet., (anything firm, unyielding, durable). adambulo -are, (to walk by or near). adamo -are, (to fall in love with, find pleasure in). adaperio -aperire -aperui -apertum, (to open fully). adauctus -us, m. (increase). adaugeo -ere -auxi -auctum, (to increase, augment). adaugesco -ere, (to begin to increase). adbibo -bibere -bibi -bibitum, (to drink in). addenseo -ere, (to make thick or compact). addenso -are, (to make thick or compact). addico -dicere -dixi -dictum, (to assent to); in augury, (to promise well); of a judge, (especially the, praetor), (to award); of an auctioneer, (to knock down) a lot; of an owner, (to put up for sale). Hence in gen., (to give up or over, doom, dedicate, surrender); partic. addictus, (bound, pledged). addictio -onis, f. (a judge's word). addisco -discere -didici, (to learn in addition). additamentum -i, n. (an addition). addo addere addidi additum, (1) (to give, bring, place); of feelings, (to inspire, cause). (2) (to add, join); esp. in speech or writing; 'adde' or 'adde huc', or 'eo', (add to this, take also into consideration). addoceo -ere, (to teach in addition). addubito -are, (to begin to doubt). adduco -ducere -duxi -ductum, (1) (to bring or lead to) a person, place, or condition; of persons, (to bring, to a certain state of mind, to influence, induce). (2) (to draw to oneself, pull in); hence (to contract); partic. adductus -a -um, (contracted, taut); of, persons, (strict). Compar. adv. adductius. adedo -esse -edi -esum, (to nibble, gnaw; to consume, waste away). ademptio -onis, f. (taking away). adeo (1) -ire -ii -itum, (to go or come to, approach, visit); 'in ius', (to go to law); of business, etc., (to undertake, undergo, incur); 'adire hereditatem', (to enter on an, inheritance). adeo (2), adv. (to that point, so far), often strengthened by usque; of space, (so far);, of time, (so long); of degree, (so much, so, to such an extent); sometimes, (even, what is more); enclitically, with pron. or conjunction, (just). adeps -ipis, c. (soft fat). adeptio -onis, f. (attainment, obtaining). adequito -are, (to ride to). adesdum, or ades dum, (come hither). adfabilis -e, (easy to speak to, affable). adfabilitas -atis, f. (affability). adfabre, (in a workmanlike way). adfatim, (sufficiently, enough). adfatus -us, m. (address, speech). adfectatio -onis, f. (striving, eagerness). adfectator -oris, m. (a striver). adfectio -onis, f. (manner of being affected); hence (relation) to a thing or person, or, (change, state, condition); sometimes (favorable state of mind, goodwill). adfecto -are, (to strive after, grasp at, aim at, aspire to); polit. (to try to win over);, in literary style, (to affect); partic. adfectatus -a - um, (studied). adfectus (1) -us, m. (condition, disposition); esp. of the mind, (a feeling); often (friendly, feeling, goodwill). adfectus (2) -a -um, partic. from adficio; q.v. adfero adferre attuli adlatum, (to carry to, bring to); esp. of messages and news; absol., (to bring news, report). Transf., (to apply, bring to bear); 'vim' (to offer violence; to, cause, bring about; to bring forward) by way of excuse or reason; (to bring), by way of help, (contribute). adficio -ficere -feci -fectum, (to influence, work upon); with adverbs, (to affect); with abl. of nouns, (to, treat with, present with); 'nominem sepultura', (to bury); 'poena', (to, punish), 'beneficio adfici', (to be benefitted); absol., of the body, (to, affect adversely, weaken). Hence partic. adfectus -a -um, (affected, influenced); with abl. (furnished with, treated with); absol., of the body, (weakened, sick); of undertakings, (worked upon), and so (nearly finished). adfigo -figere -fixi -fixum, (to fasten to, affix); 'litteram ad caput', (to brand); 'adfigi animis', (to, be imprinted). adfingo -fingere -finxi -fictum, (to form or invent in addition). adfinis -e, (neighboring); hence (connected with, privy to); also (related by marriage);, as subst., (a relative). adfinitas -atis, f. (relationship by marriage); meton., (relations by marriage); in gen., (union). adfirmatio -onis, f. (positive assertion). adfirmo -are (to strengthen; to support a statement, to prove; to assert as true). Adv. adfirmate, (positively). adflatus -us, m. (blowing or breathing on, breath); 'maris', (sea breeze). Transf., (inspiration). adfleo -flere -flevi -fletum, (to weep at). adflictatio -onis, f. (pain, torture). adflicto -are, (to agitate, knock about, harass, distress). adflictor -oris, m. (a subverter). adfligo -fligere -flixi -flictum, (to dash, knock down, knock about; to weaken, discourage, injure); 'causam, susceptam', (to drop). Hence partic. adflictus -a -um, (damaged, shattered);, of spirits, (broken down, desponding); of character, (vile, contemptible). adflo -are, (to blow or breathe on). adfluentia -ae, f. (overflow, abundance). adfluo -fluere -fluxi -fluxum, (to flow to, flow near); of men, (to stream, to flock together). Transf., (to, flow freely, to be abundant); with abl., (to abound in). Hence partic., adfluens -entis, (rich, abounding). Compar. adv. adfluentius. adfor -ari, dep. (to accost, address); esp. (to say farewell) to the dead, and (to pray), to the gods. adfulgeo -fulgere -fulsi, (to shine, glitter; to shine upon, favor), with dat. adfundo -fundere -fudi -fusum, (to pour upon); 'colonia amne adfusa', (washed by a river); 'adfundere se', or, 'adfundi', (to prostrate oneself). Transf., (to throw in, add). adgemo -ere, (to groan at), with dat. adgero -gerere -gessi -gestum, (to carry to, bring up). adgestus -us, m. (carrying to, accumulation). adglomero -are, (to wind on a ball); hence, (to add). adglutino -are, (to glue to, fasten to). adgravesco -ere, (to grow worse) (of sickness). adgravo -are, (to make heavier); hence, (to make worse). adgredior -gredi -gressus, dep. (to go to, approach); with words, (to address); of enemies, (to attack);, of business, etc., (to begin, undertake, attempt). adgrego -are, (to add to the flock); so (to attach, associate). adgressio -onis, f. (the introduction to a speech). adhaereo -haerere -haesi -haesum, (to hang to, stick to, adhere); of places, (to border on, be near); fig., (to, depend on, cling to). adhaeresco -haerescere -haesi -haesum, (to hang to, adhere). Transf., (to cling to, hang on, attach oneself); in, speaking, (to stick fast, stop). adhaesio -onis, f. (adhering, clinging). adhaesus -us, m. (adhering, clinging). adhibeo -ere -ui -itum, (to bring up to, apply, bring to bear); of persons, (to invite, call in, employ) for a purpose; with adv., (to treat). adhinnio -ire, (to neigh after, neigh at). adhortatio -onis, f. (exhortation). adhortator -oris, m. (one who exhorts). adhortor -ari, dep. (to exhort, encourage) (esp. of soldiers). adhuc, of time, (hitherto, till now, till then; still, even now); in gen., (besides, also); with comparatives, (even, still). adiaceo -ere, (to lie by the side of, be adjacent). N. pl. of partic. as subst. adiacentia, (the neighborhood). adicio -icere -ieci -iectum, (to throw to);hence (to cast, direct, apply); also (to add); at an auction, (to outbid). adiectio -onis, f. (addition, advance). adiectus -us, m. (addition). adigo -igere -egi -actum, (to drive, force, compel); 'hominem ad iusiurandum' or 'iureiurando', (to put, a man on his oath). adimo -imere -emi -emptum, (to take away). Hence partic. ademptus -a -um, poet., (dead). adipatus -a -um, (fatty, greasy); n. pl. as subst., (pastry). Transf., of style, (bombastic). adipiscor -ipisci -eptus, dep. (to come up to, overtake); hence (to obtain). Perf. partic. adeptus, used, passively, = (obtained). aditio -onis, f. (approach). aditus -us, m. (approach, access); hence also (right or possibility of entrance); 'homo, rari aditus', (difficult of access); concr., (an entrance to a place, approach). Transf., (opportunity of obtaining). adiudico -are, (to award as a judge, assign, grant). adiumentum -i, n. (help, assistance). adiunctio -onis, f. (joining, addition, union); rhet. (a limitation or repetition). adiunctor -oris, m. (one who joins). adiungo -iungere -iunxi -iunctum, (to join to, connect); 'adiunctus fundus', (neighboring); of immaterial, things, (to associate, impart); of persons, (to attach), esp. as partner, friend, etc. Hence partic. adiunctus -a -um, (bound to, belonging to); n. pl., as subst. (collateral circumstances). adiuro -are, (to swear in addition; to swear to a thing, promise on oath). adiutor -oris, m. (a helper, assistant, deputy). adiutrix -icis, f., of females and f. nouns, (an assistant, aid); used of (reserved legions), under the empire. adiuvo -iuvare -iuvi -iutum, (to help, assist, support). adlabor -labi -lapsus, dep. (to glide to, flow to), with dat. or acc. adlaboro -are, (to labor at); also (to add to by labor). adlacrimo -are, (to weep at). adlapsus -us, m. (a gliding approach). adlatro -are, (to bark at, rail at). adlaudabilis -e, (praiseworthy). adlecto -are, (to entice). adlegatio -onis, f. (the sending of a person on a mission). adlego (1) -are, (to send on private business, to commission); 'adlegati', (deputies). Transf., (to instigate, suborn; to adduce or allege in excuse). adlego (2) -legere -legi -lectum, (to choose, elect). adlevamentum -i, n. (a means of alleviation). adlevatio -onis, f. (a lifting up); hence (alleviation). adlevo -are, (to lift up, erect); hence (to lighten, alleviate); pass., adlevari, (to be, cheered). adlicio -licere -lexi -lectum, (to allure, entice). adlido -lidere -lisi -lisum, (to strike against,dash against); pass. adlidi, (to suffer damage). adligo -are, (to tie to, bind to); of wounds, (to bind up). Transf., in gen., (to fetter, bind, confine); esp. (to bind by friendship, obligations, promises, etc.);, pass., (to become an accomplice in, make oneself responsible for); perf., partic. adligatus, (implicated, involved). adlino -linere -levi -litum, (to smear on, bedaub). adlocutio -onis, f. (an address); esp. (a word of comfort). adloquium -i, n. (exhortation, encouragement, consolation). adloquor -loqui -locutus, dep. (to address); esp. (to encourage, appeal to). adluceo -lucere -luxi, (to shine at, or upon). adludo -ludere -lusi -lusum, (to jest at, sport with); of waves, (to play or dash upon). adluo -luere -lui, (to wash), of the sea. adluvies -ei, f. (a pool caused by flooding). adluvio -onis, f. (alluvial land). admaturo -are, (to hasten). admetior -metiri -mensus, dep. (to measure out to). Admetus -i, m. (husband of Alcestis). adminiculor -ari, dep. (to support, prop). adminiculum -i, n. (prop, support); in gen., (aid, help). administer -stri, m. (attendant, assistant). administra -ae, f. (a (female) helper). administratio -onis, f. (the giving of help; direction, government). administrator -oris, m. (administrator, manager). administro -are, (to help, assist; to manage, direct, administer): 'navem', (to steer). admirabilis -e, (admirable; astonishing, strange). Adv., admirabiliter. admirabilitas -atis, f. (admirableness; admiration). admiratio -onis, f. (admiration); plur. (outbursts of admiration; wonder, astonishment). admiror -ari, dep. (to admire; to be astonished, to wonder). Hence gerundive admirandus -a, -um, (admirable). admisceo -miscere -miscui -mixtum, (to mix with, to join); 'admisceri novis sermonibus', (to become familiar, with). admissarius -i, m. (stallion). admissio -onis, f. (audience), esp. with kings, etc. admitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to send to, admit); esp. of horses, (to let go, put to a gallop). Transf., (to allow; to admit a crime to one's record), so (to commit); hence n. of, partic. as subst. admissum -i, (a crime). admixtio -onis, f. (an admixture). admoderate, (appropriately). admodum, (up to the measure, up to the mark); hence, (completely). With adjectives and, other parts of speech, (wholly, quite); 'puer admodum', (a mere boy); with, numbers, (just about); in affirmative answers, (certainly). admoneo -ere -ui -itum, (to admonish, remind), of a fact or duty. N. of partic. as subst. admonitum, -i, (an admonition). admonitio -onis, f. (a reminding); esp. (a friendly admonition). admonitor -oris, m. (one who reminds). admonitu, abl. sing. m. (by reminding, by warning). admordeo -mordere -morsum, (to bite at, gnaw); fig. (to fleece). admotio -onis, f. (moving to, application). admoveo -movere -movi -motum, (to move to, bring up, apply); 'manum operi', (to engage in a work); 'manus, nocentibus' (to lay hands on the guilty); milit. (to bring up) war machines or, soldiers. admugio -ire, (to bellow after). admurmuratio -onis, f. (murmuring). admurmuro -are, (to murmur at). adnato -are, (to swim to or beside). adnecto -nectere -nexui -nexum, (to bind to, connect with). adnexus -us, m. (binding, connection). adnitor -niti -nisus or -nixus, dep. (to press against; lean upon). Transf., (to strive after). adno -are, (to swim to, or near, or beside). adnoto -are, (to note, remark on). adnumero -are, (to count out, pay; to reckon in with), with acc. and dat. adnuo -nuere -nui -nutum, (to nod to; indicate by nodding; to nod assent to); in gen., (to agree); also, (to agree to give or do) a thing. adoleo (1) -ere -ui, (to worship, offer sacrifice, burn a sacrifice; to sacrifice on) an altar; in, gen., (to burn). adoleo (2) -ere, (to smell). adolescens, = adulescens; q.v. adolesco -olescere -olevi, (1) (to grow up, come to maturity). (2) (to be heaped up), or perhaps (to, burn) (cf. adoleo). Hence partic. adultus -a -um, (grown up, adult, mature). Adonis -is or -idis, (a beautiful young man, beloved of Venus). adoperio -operire -operui -opertum, (to cover or close). adopinor -ari, dep. (to guess). adoptatio -onis, f. (adopting). adoptio -onis, f. (the adoption of a child). adoptivus -a -um, (adopted, connected with adoption); of plants, (grafted). adopto -are, (to choose for oneself); esp. (to adopt), as child or grandchild; of plants, (to graft). ador -oris, n. (a species of grain, spelt). adoratio -onis, f. (praying to, adoration). adoreus -a -um, (of spelt); f. as subst. (a reward for valor) (originally a gift of corn). adorior -oriri -ortus, dep. (to rise up at); hence (to attack, set about, attempt, undertake). adorno -are, (to prepare, furnish, provide; to adorn). adoro -are, (to speak to); esp. (to address) a deity, in worship or entreaty; sometimes, (to ask) a deity for a thing. adp-, see under app-. adquiesco -quiescere -quievi -quietum, (to rest, repose, be undisturbed, find comfort). adquiro -quirere -quisivi -quisitum, (to acquire, get), esp. in addition to previous possessions. adrado -radere -rasi -rasum (to scrape, shave). adrectus -a -um, partic. from adrigo; q.v. adrepo -repere -repsi -reptum, (to creep up, glide gently to). Adria, see Hadria. adrideo -ridere -risi -risum, (to laugh to, to smile upon). Transf., (to be favorable to; to please). adrigo -rigere -rexi -rectum, (to erect, lift up); hence (to excite, arouse). adripio -ripere -ripui -reptum, (to seize, snatch, appropriate); poet., 'terram velis', (to sail quickly to);, mentally, (to grasp, comprehend quickly); legal, (to arrest, bring to court, accuse); hence perhaps (to satirize). adrisor -oris, m. (a flatterer). adrodo -rodere -rosi -rosum, (to gnaw at). adrogans, partic. from adrogo; q.v. adrogantia -ae, f. (assumption); hence (pride, haughtiness). adrogo -are, polit., (to associate) in office; in gen., either (to take to oneself, ('sibi'), to claim, assume; or to adjudge, grant to another (dat.)); Hence, partic. adrogans -antis, (assuming, arrogant, haughty); adv. adroganter. adsc-, see under asc-. adsectatio -onis, f. (respectful attendance). adsectator -oris, m. (a companion, follower). adsector -ari, dep. (to follow, attend respectfully). adsecula (adsecia) -ae, m. (follower, servant, sycophant). adsensio -onis, f. (assent, agreement, applause); philosoph. (belief in the reality of, sensible appearance). adsensor -oris, m. (one who assents or agrees). adsensus -us, m. (assent, agreement); philosoph. (belief in the reality of sensible, appearances); poet., (echo). adsentatio -onis, f. (flattering assent or applause, flattery). adsentatiuncula -ae, f. (trivial flattery). adsentator -oris, m. (a flatterer). adsentatorie, (flatteringly). adsentio -sentire -sensi -sensum and adsentior -sentiri -sensus, dep. (to assent to, agree with). adsentor -ari, dep. (to assent constantly); hence (to flatter). adsequor -sequi -secutus, dep. (to follow after; to reach by following, to come up to, attain);, mentally, (to grasp). adsero (1) -serere -sevi -situm, (to plant at or near). adsero (2) -serere -serui -sertum, (to lay hold of) a slave, and thereby either (claim him or declare him free);, in gen. (to set free, protect, or to claim). adsertor -oris, m. (one who asserts the freedom) of another person or (claims him as his, own). adservio -ire, (to assist, help). adservo -are, (to preserve, watch). adsessio -onis, f. (a sitting by the side of one (to console)). adsessor -oris, m. (one who sits by, or assists). adseveratio -onis, f. (earnestness, vehemence);esp. (vehement assertion, asseveration). adsevero -are, (to be earnest); esp. (to assert confidently or strongly). Adv. from partic., adseveranter, (earnestly). adsideo -sidere -sedi -sessum, (to sit near, sit beside), esp. beside a person, (to give comfort, advice, etc.); usually with dat. Hence (to devote oneself to; to approximate to);, milit., (to besiege, blockade). adsido -sidere -sedi -sessum, (to sit down). adsiduitas -atis, f. (continual presence, regular attention). Hence (constancy; constant, repetition); 'epistularum', (regular correspondence). adsiduus (1) -a -um, (continuously in one place, or one occupation), in gen. (constant, persistent). Adv. adsidue and adsiduo, (continuously, without remission). adsiduus (2) -i, m. (a taxpaying citizen). adsignatio -onis, f. (assignment, allotment). adsigno -are, (1) (to assign, allot); hence (to impute, ascribe). (2) (to seal); hence (to, impress upon). adsilio -silire -silui, (to leap to or on). adsimilis -e, (like, similar). adsimulo -are, (to make like; to compare). Hence partic. adsimulatus -a -um, (similar, pretended, simulated). adsisto adsistere adstiti or astiti, (to place oneself at, to stand by); at law, (to defend). adsoleo -ere, (to be accustomed); 'ut adsolet', (as is usual). adsono -are, (to answer with a sound). adsp-, see under asp-. adsterno -ere, (to strew or spread upon). adstipulator -oris, m. (a supporter). adstipulor -ari, dep. (to agree with). adsto -stare -stiti, (to stand up, stand by), esp. (to stand by to help, to assist). adstrepo -ere, (to make a noise at); esp. (to applaud). adstringo -stringere -strinxi -strictum, (to tighten, draw together, contract, make fast); in writing or speech, (to, compress); of persons, (to bind, oblige); with reflex., 'se adstringere', (to, commit oneself to, become guilty of). Hence partic. adstrictus -a -um, (tight, compressed, drawn together; close-fisted, avaricious); of oratory, (concise);, adv. adstricte. adstruo -struere -struxi -structum, (to build to or near);hence (to add to). adstupeo -ere, (to be astonished at), with dat. adsuefacio -facere -feci -factum, (to accustom) a person to a thing. adsuesco -suescere -suevi -suetum, intransit., (to grow accustomed): 'adsuevi' (I am accustomed); transit., (to, accustom); poet., of things, (to make familiar). Hence partic. adsuetus -a -um, (customary, usual; accustomed to). adsuetudo -inis, f. (custom, use). adsuetus -a -um, partic. from adsuesco; q.v. adsulto -are, (to leap violently upon; to attack, assault). adsultus -us, m. (leaping up, assault). adsum adesse adfui, (to be present, to be at or near); esp. (to be present and ready, to stand, by); hence (to support, be favorable to); sometimes (to be present for a, special purpose), esp. political or legal; of the mind, 'adesse animo' or, 'animis', (to attend); of things, (to be near, at hand). adsumo -sumere -sumpsi -sumptum, (to take to oneself, or take in addition) a person or thing; hence (to claim, appropriate, call in); in logic, (to state the minor premises of a, syllogism). adsumptio -onis, f. (choice, adoption); in logic, (the minor premise of a syllogism). adsumptivus -a -um, (deriving its defense from an extraneous cause). adsuo -ere, (to sew on). adsurgo -surgere -surrexi -surrectum, (to rise up, stand up); with dat., (to rise in the presence) of a person, as a, sign of respect; of feelings, (to rise, be aroused); of style, (to become, elevated); of material things, (to rise up). adt-, see under att-. adulatio -onis, f. (fawning, cringing, flattery). adulator -oris, m. (flatterer). adulescens (adolescens) -entis, as adj., (young, growing); as subst., (a young man or young woman). adulescentia -ae, f. (youth). adulescentulus -i, m. (a young man). adulo -are, (to fawn upon). adulor -ari, dep. (to fawn); with acc. or dat., (to flatter, cringe before). adulter (1) -eri, m., adultera -ae, f. (an adulterer, adulteress). adulter (2) -era -erum, adj. (adulterous). adulterinus -a -um, (adulterous; not genuine, forged). adulterium -i, n. (adultery). adultero -are, (to commit adultery, to defile). Transf. (to falsify, defile, corrupt). adultus -a -um, partic. from adolesco; q.v. adumbratim, (in outline). adumbratio -onis, f. (a sketch). adumbro -are, (to shade in, sketch),esp. in words. Partic. adumbratus -a -um, (sketched);, hence (imperfect, shadowy, unreal). aduncitas -atis, f. (a bending, curvature). aduncus -a -um, (bent in, crooked). adurgeo -ere, (to press against); poet., (to pursue closely). aduro -urere -ussi -ustum, (to set fire to, kindle, singe); of frost or wind, (to nip). Hence partic., adustus -a -um, (burnt): 'hominum color', (sunburnt). adusque, prep. with acc., (as far as); adv. (thoroughly, entirely). advecticius -a -um, (brought from a distance, foreign). advecto -are, (to convey often). advectus -us, m. (conveying, carrying). adveho -vehere -vexi -vectum, (to carry, bring, convey to) a place; pass., (to ride up, sail to, etc.). advelo -are, (to veil). advena -ae, c. (a stranger, foreigner). advenio -venire -veni -ventum, (to come to, arrive). Transf., of time, (to come); of events, (to happen, come, near, break out); of property, (to come to) an owner. adventicius -a -um, (coming from without);esp. (coming from abroad, foreign). advento -are, (to approach, come near). adventor -oris, m. (a visitor, guest). adventus -us, m. (an arrival). adversarius -a -um, (1) (turned towards); n. pl. as subst. (a day-book, journal, memorandum). (2), (turned against, opposed, contrary); as subst., m. and f. (an antagonist, rival); n. pl. (the assertions of an opponent). adversor -ari, dep. (to oppose, resist). adversus (1) -a -um, partic. from adverto; q.v. adversus (2), adversum. Adv.(against, opposite); 'adversum ire' or 'venire', (go to meet)., Prep. with acc.: of place, (towards, opposite); of action, etc., (against, in, answer to); of behavior, (towards); of comparison, (compared with). adverto (advorto) -vertere -verti -versum, (to turn towards); of the senses, etc. (to direct) towards an object; esp. of, the mind, 'animum' or 'mentem advertere', (to direct one's attention to, to, perceive), and of offences, (to punish); of the object of attention, (to, attract). Hence partic. adversus -a -um, (turned towards, fronting, opposite);, 'solem adversum intueri', (to look straight at the sun); 'adverso flumine', (against the stream); 'venti adversi', (contrary winds); hence, in gen., of, persons and things, (opposed, unfavorable); 'adversa valetudo', (ill health);, 'proelium', (unsuccessful); n. as subst., (misfortune). advesperascit -avit, (evening approaches). advigilo -are, (to watch by, guard, be vigilant). advocatio -onis, f. (a calling to one's aid); hence (legal assistance); concr., (the bar). advoco -are, (to summon, call); esp. (to call to one's aid): as legal t.t. (to call in as, adviser, to consult an advocate). M. of partic. as subst., advocatus -i, m., (one called in to help), esp. in court as (witness) or (advocate). advolo -are, (to fly to); hence (to hasten or rush to). advolvo -volvere -volvi -volutum, (to roll to); of suppliants, 'advolvi', or 'se advolvere', (to throw oneself, down) before a person. advors-, = advers-;q.v. advort-, = advert-;q.v. adytum -i, n. (shrine); poet., 'ex adyto cordis', (from the bottom of the heart). Aeacus -i, m. (king of Aegina, grandfather of Achilles; after death a judge in the, infernal regions). Hence subst. Aeacides -ae, m. (a male descendent of, Aeacus). aedes (aedis) -is, f. (a building); in sing., usually (a temple); plur., (rooms, or a house); of, bees, (cells). aedicula -ae, f. (a small building), esp. (a small temple or shrine); in plur., (a little, house). aedificatio -onis, f.: abstr., (the act of building); concr., (a building, structure). aedificator -oris, m. (a builder, architect). aedificium -i, n. (a building). aedifico -are, (to build, erect, establish; to create, frame). aedilicius -a -um, (relating to the aediles); m. as subst. (an ex-aedile). aedilis -is, m. (an aedile, a public officer at Rome, in charge of streets, markets and, public games). aedilitas -atis, f. (aedileship). aedituens -entis, m. (keeper of a temple, sacristan). aeditumus -i, m. (keeper of a temple, sacristan). aedituus -i, m. (keeper of a temple, sacristan). Aeeta and Aeetes -ae, m., (king of Colchis, father of Medea). Hence f. subst. Aeetias -adis, and, Aeetine -es, = (Medea). Aegaeus -a -um, (Aegean); n. as subst. Aegaeum -i, (the Aegean Sea). Aegates -um, f. pl. (three islands off the west coast of Sicily). aeger -gra -grum, (sick, ill), physically or mentally; 'aeger consilii', (infirm of purpose);, 'aegris oculis', (with envious eyes); politically, (unsound, mutinous). M. as, subst. (an invalid). Adv. aegre, (with pain, regret or difficulty); hence, (hardly, scarcely)(cf. vix). Aegeus -ei, m. (king of Athens, father of Theseus). Aegina -ae, f. (an island near Athens). aegis -idis, f. (an aegis, or shield), esp. that of Jupiter or Minerva. Transf., (a, protection, bulwark). Aegisthus -i, m. (murderer of Agamemnon, afterwards husband of Clytemnestra). aegre, adv. from aeger; q.v. aegreo -ere, (to be sick). aegresco -ere, (to fall ill); mentally, (to become troubled); of bad things, (to become, worse). aegrimonia -ae, f. (grief, trouble of mind). aegritudo -inis, f. (sickness), esp. of the mind. aegrotatio -onis, f. (sickness), of body or mind. aegroto -are, (to be sick or ill), in body or mind. aegrotus -a -um, (sick, ill), in body or mind. Aegyptus -i, (1) m., (a king of Egypt, brother of Danaus). (2) f. (Egypt); adj. Aegyptius, and Aegyptiacus -a -um, (Egyptian). aelinos -i, m. (a dirge). Aemilius -a -um, (name of an old patrician family at Rome). Hence adj. Aemilianus -a -um, (relating to the 'gens Aemiliana'; a surname of Scipio Africanus minor). Aemonia, = Haemonia; q.v. aemulatio -onis, f. (a striving after, emulation); in bad sense, (jealousy, rivalry). aemulator -oris, m. (a rival, imitator). aemulor -ari, dep. (to rival, emulate); with dat. (to envy). aemulus -a -um, (emulous, rivalling); in bad sense, (jealous). M. or f. as subst., (a rival), esp. in love. Aemus, see Haemus. Aeneas -ae, m. (son of Venus and Anchises, hero of Vergil's Aeneid). Hence subst. Aeneades, -ae, m. (a male descendant of Aeneas); Aeneis -idos, f. (Vergil's Aeneid). aeneus and aheneus -a -um, (made of copper or bronze; hard as bronze, brazen). aenigma -atis, n. (a riddle, mystery). aenipes -pedis, (brazen-footed). aenus (ahenus) -a -um, (made of copper or bronze); poet., (hard as bronze). N. as subst., (a brazen, vessel). Aeoles -um, m. (the Aeolians, Greeks living in Greece and Asia Minor). Hence adj. Aeolicus, and Aeolius -a -um, (Aeolic). Aeolia -ae, f. (north part of the coast of Asia Minor). Aeolus -i, m. (ruler of the Aeolian islands and of the winds). aequabilis -e, (like, similar, equal). Transf., (equal to itself, uniform, consistent, fair, impartial). Hence adv. aequabiliter, (equably, uniformly, fairly). aequabilitas -atis, f. (uniformity, equability); hence (evenness) in style, (impartiality) in, law. aequaevus -a -um, (of equal age). aequalis -e, (even); of places, (level). Transf., (equal); esp. of time, (of the same age, contemporary, coexistent). M. or f. as subst., (a comrade, person of the same, age). Adv. aequaliter, (evenly, equally). aequalitas, -atis, f. (evenness); of places, (smoothness). Transf., (equality), esp., (equality of age). aequanimitas -atis, f. (impartiality). aequatio -onis, f. (making equal); 'bonorum' (communism). Aequi -orum, m. (a people of central Italy). aequilibritas -atis, f. (equal distribution of natural forces). aequinoctialis -e, (equinoctial). aequinoctium -i, n. (the equinox). aequiparo (aequipero) -are, (to compare, equal). aequitas -atis, f. (uniformity, evenness). Transf., (equanimity); also (impartiality, fairness, justice). aequo -are, (1) (to make level or equal). (2) (to compare). (3) (to equal, come up to). aequor -oris, n. (a flat level surface); esp. (a plain) or (the sea); rarely (a river). aequoreus -a -um, (belonging to the sea). aequus -a -um, (equal). (1) (equal in itself, even, level); 'ex aequo loco loqui', (to speak, in the senate); milit., 'aequa frons', (a straight line). (2) (equal to, something else): 'ex aequo, in aequo', (on even terms). Transf., of places or, times, (favorable, advantageous); of battles, (even), and so (indecisive); of, temper, (even, contented, easy); 'aequo animo', (patiently, with resignation);, of behavior, etc., (equal, impartial); of persons, (fair); 'aequum est', (it, is just). N. as subst. aequum -i, (level ground; fairness, equity). Adv., aeque, (in like manner, equally; fairly, justly). aer aeris, m. (the lower air, the atmosphere). aerarius -a -um, (of or belonging to bronze or copper); hence (belonging to (copper) money);, 'tribuni', (paymasters). M. as subst. (a coppersmith); in plur., 'aerarii', (the citizens of the lowest class in Rome). M. as subst. (a treasury), esp., (the public treasury at Rome). aeratus -a -um, (made of or fitted with copper or bronze); hence (provided with money, rich). aereus -a -um, (made of or fitted with copper or bronze). aerifer -fera -ferum, (bearing brazen cymbals). aeripes -pedis, (brazen-footed). aerius -a -um, (belonging to the air, airy); hence (high in the air, lofty). aerugo -inis, f. (the rust of copper, verdigris; rusty money). Transf., (envy or avarice). aerumna -ae, f. (labor, toil, hardship). aerumnosus -a -um, adj., (full of hardship). aes aeris, n. (copper ore, and the alloy of copper, bronze). Transf., (anything made of, bronze; a vessel, statue, trumpet, kettle); 'aera aere repulsa', (cymbals);, 'aes publicum', (public inscriptions). Esp. (copper or bronze money); 'aes, grave', (the as); 'aes signatum', (coined money); also (money) generally, (pay); 'aes alienum', (debt). Aeschylus -i, m. (an Athenian tragic poet). Aesculapius -i, m. (the god of medicine). Hence subst. Aesculapium -i, n. (a temple of, Aesculapius). aesculetum -i, n. (an oak forest). aesculeus -a -um, (relating to the oak). aesculus -i, f. (the winter or Italian oak). Aeson -onis, m. (a Thessalian prince, father of Jason). Hence subst. Aesonides -ae, m. (a, male descendant of Aeson, = Jason); adj. Aesonius -a -um. Aesopus -i, m. (a Greek fabulist of Phrygia). aestas -atis, f. (summer); hence (summer weather, summer heat). aestifer -fera -ferum, (heat-bringing). aestimabilis -e, (valuable). aestimatio -onis, f. (an appraising in terms of money); 'litis', (assessment of damages)., Transf., in gen., (valuation, worth, value). aestimator -oris, m. (one who estimates, an appraiser). aestimo (aestumo) -are, (to appraise, rate, estimate the value of); 'litem', (to assess the damages in, a law-suit); in a wider sense, (to value) a thing or person; hence, in gen., (to judge). aestivus -a -um, (relating to summer). N. pl. as subst. aestiva -orum, (a summer camp), and hence, (a campaign; summer pastures for cattle). aestuarium -i, n. (low ground covered by the sea at high water; a firth, creek). aestuo -are, (to be agitated or hot); of liquids, (to boil, seethe); fig. of emotional, excitement, (to burn); of perplexity, (to waver). aestuosus -a -um, (hot, agitated); adv. aestuose. aestus -us, m. (agitation, heat); of liquids, esp. of the sea, (seething, raging); also of, the sea's (tide) and (spray); fig., of persons, (dizziness); also (emotional, excitement, heat, fury; perplexity, anxiety). aetas -atis, f. (age): of human life, either (a lifetime) or (time of life, age); 'id, aetatis', (of that age); 'bona (iniens) aetas, flos aetatis', (youth). 'aetas, ingravescens' or 'provecta', (old age). Meton., (the persons of a particular, age): 'aetas puerilis', (boys). In gen., (time, age, a period of time, epoch). aetatula -ae, f. (youth). aeternitas -atis, f. (eternity, immortality). aeterno -are, (to make eternal, immortal). aeternus -a -um, (eternal, everlasting); 'aeternum' or 'in aeternum', (for ever). aether -eris, acc. -era, m. (the upper air); poet., (heaven, or the upper world). aetherius -a -um, (of the air or upper air); 'aqua', (rain); poet., (heavenly, or belonging to, the upper world). Aethiopia -ae, f. (Ethiopia); adj. Aethiopicus -a -um and Aethiops -opis, (Ethiopian, Negro). aethra -ae, f. (the upper air, clear sky). Aetna -ae and Aetne -es, f. (Etna, a volcano in Sicily); adj. Aetnaeus -a -um. Aetolia -ae, f. (Aetolia, a country in the west of Greece); adj. Aetolus, Aetolicus, Aetolius -a -um. aevitas -atis, f. = aetas; q.v. aevum -i, n., also aevus -i, m., (eternity). Transf., (time, lifetime, or time of life);, 'flos aevi', (youth). in gen., (a period of life). Afer -fra -frum, adj. and subst., (African, from Africa); esp. (from Carthage). Hence subst., Africa -ae, f. (the continent of Africa); esp. either (the country around, Carthage) or (the Roman province of Africa). Adj. Africanus -a -um, (African, belonging to Africa); esp. as a surname, conferred upon two of the Scipios., Also adj. Africus -a -um; 'ventus Africus', or simply 'Africus', (the S.W., wind) (bringing rain and storms). aff-, see under adf-. Agamemnon -onis, m. (leader of the Greek expedition to Troy). Aganippe -es, f. (a fountain in Boeotia, sacred to the Muses); adj. Aganippaeus -a -um, (sacred to the Muses). agaso -onis, m. (a groom, lackey). agellus -i, m. (a little field). agema -atis, n. (a corps in the Macedonian army). Agenor -oris, m. (father of Cadmus and Europa); hence adj. Agenoreus -a -um, and subst., Agenorides -ae, m. (a male descendant of Agenor). ager agri, m. (land, territory); as cultivated, (a field; open country), (opp.towns);, (land), (opp. sea). agg-, (except agger and aggero); see adg-. agger -eris, m. (heap, mound); milit., (rampart); poet., (any high place). aggero -are, (to form a mound, heap up, increase). agilis -e, (easily moved, light, nimble, active). agilitas -atis, f. (quickness, agility). agitabilis -e, (easily moved, light). agitatio -onis, f. (movement, agitation, activity); 'rerum magnarum', (management). agitator -oris, m. (driver); esp. (charioteer). agito -are, (to put in motion, drive about) (cf. ago); of animals, (to drive or hunt); of, water, (to toss). Transf. (1) (to vex, harry, trouble persons, etc.) (2)(to, deal with, be engaged upon, argue, discuss, consider) a subject; (to maintain), a state of affairs; (to conduct) a business; (to keep) a holiday; (to spend), time; so, absol., (to live). Aglaia -ae or Aglaie -es, f. (one of the Graces). agmen -inis, n. (a driving movement or a mass in (orderly) movement, a stream, band, train); esp. milit., (an army on the march). agna -ae, f. (a ewe lamb). agnascor -nasci -natus, dep., of children, (to be born after their father's will). M. of partic. as, subst. agnatus -i, (a relation descended from a common ancestor in the male, line; a child born into a family where a regular heir already exists). agnatio -onis, f. (relationship reckoned through males only). agnellus -i, m. (a little lamb). agninus -a -um, (of a lamb); f. as subst., (lamb's flesh). agnitio -onis, f. (recognition); in gen., (knowledge). agnomen -inis, n. (surname). agnosco -noscere -novi -nitum, (to know again, recognize; to know by inference or report, understand,; to, express knowledge, admit, acknowledge). agnus -i, m. (lamb). ago agere egi actum, (to set in motion, drive); of animals, (to drive or hunt). 'se agere', (to, go); 'animam' (to give up the ghost); 'radices', (to strike root). Transf., (to incite) to action; (to deal with, be engaged upon; to treat of) a, subject;'hoc agere', (to attend to the matter at hand); pass., (to be, concerned, be at stake); 'actum est de', (it is settled about), so (it is all, over with); 'bene agere cum homine', (to treat a person well); 'grates, gratias', (to express thanks); 'pacem', (to keep the peace); of time, (to, spend); so absol., (to spend time, live); on the stage, (to act, play);, 'primas partes',(to play the leading part); legal and polit., (to take a, matter up publicly); [CONTINUED] ago agere egi actum [2 of 2], 'agere (iure, or lege)', (to go to law); 'agere causam', (to plead a cause). Pres. partic. agens -entis, as adj. (effective). agon -onis, m. (a contest in the public games). agonalia -ium and -orum, n. (a festival of Janus). agrarius -a -um, (relating to land); m. pl. as subst. (the agrarian party), aiming at a general, distribution of land. agrestis -e, (belonging to the field or country; wild, rustic); hence, (countrified, boorish, clownish). M. as subst. agrestis -is, (a countryman). agricola -ae, m. (farmer). Agricola -ae, m. Gnaeus Julius, (governor of Britain, and father-in-law of Tacitus). agricult-, see under cult-. Agrigentum -i, n.; also Acragas -antis, m.; (a Doric town in S.W. Sicily). agripeta -ae, m. (a land-grabber, squatter). Agrippa -ae, m. (a Roman family name). Agrippina -ae, f. (the name of several Roman women, esp. Nero's mother). Hence Colonia, Agrippinensis (now Cologne). ah or a, interj. (ah! oh!). Ahala -ae, m. C. Servilius, (master of the horse under the dictator Cincinnatus, 439, B.C.). ai, (ah!), interjection of grief. Aiax -acis, m. (name of two Homeric heroes, sons of Telamon and Oileus). aio, defective verb, (to say yes, to affirm, assert, state); 'ain tu?', (you don't, say?). Hence pres. partic. aiens -entis, (affirmative). ala -ae, f. (a wing); poet., the (sails) or (oars) of a ship; of a man, (the armpit);, milit., (a wing, squadron). alabaster -stri, m., with pl. alabastra, (a perfume casket). alacer -cris -cre, and alacris -e, (quick, lively, animated). alacritas -atis, f. (quickness, eagerness, animation). alapa -ae, f. (a box on the ear), given by a master to his slave when freeing him. alaris -e, (belonging to the wings of an army); m. pl. as subst. (allied troops). alarius -a -um, (belonging to the wings of an army); m. pl. as subst., (allied troops). alatus -a -um, (winged). alauda -ae, f. (a lark); also (the name of a legion formed by Caesar in Gaul); in pl., Alaudae -arum, (the soldiers of this legion). Alba -ae, f. (Alba Longa), the oldest Latin town; hence adj. Albanus -a -um. albatus -a -um, (clothed in white). albeo -ere, (to be white). albesco -ere, (to become white). albico -are, (to be white). albidus -a -um, (whitish). Albion -onis, f. (old name of Great Britain). Albis -is, m. (the river Elbe). albulus -a -um, (whitish); f. as subst. Albula -ae (sc. aqua), (old name of the Tiber). album -i, n.; see albus. albus -a -um, (white, dead white); hence (pale or bright); sometimes (making bright); fig., (fortunate). N. as subst. album -i, (white color; a white writing-tablet, a, list). Alcaeus -i, m. (a Greek lyric poet) (about 600 A.D.). alcedo -inis, f. (the kingfisher). Hence n. pl. alcedonia -orum, (the kingfisher's time, quietness, calm). alces -is, f. (the elk). Alcestis -is, and Alceste -es, f. (wife of Admetus, who saved her husband by dying for, him). Alceus -ei and -eos, m. (grandfather of Hercules). Hence subst. Alcides -ae, m. (a descendant of, Alcaeus), esp. (Hercules). Alcibiades -is, m. (an Athenian general, pupil of Socrates). Alcinous -i, m. (king of the Phaeacians, host of Odysseus). Alcmena -ae, also Alcmene -es, f. (mother of Hercules). alcyon -onis, f. (the kingfisher). alea -ae, f. (a game of dice, game of hazard); hence (chance, risk, uncertainty). aleator -oris, m. (dicer, gambler). aleatorius -a -um, (of a gambler). alec, = allec; q.v. ales alitis, (winged); hence (swift); as subst., (a bird), esp. (a large bird or bird of, omen); poet., (an omen, sign). alesco -ere, (to grow up). Alexander -dri, m. (1) (Paris, son of Priam, king of Troy). (2) (Alexander the Great (356-323, B.C.), king of Macedonia). Hence Alexandria or -ea -ae, f. (a city founded by, Alexander), esp. (Alexandria in Egypt); adj. Alexandrinus -a -um, (of, Alexandria). alga -ae, f. (sea-weed). algeo algere alsi, (to be cold); partic. algens -entis, (cold). algesco algescere alsi, (to catch cold). algidus -a -um, (cold). Algidus -i, m. (a mountain in Latium); adj. Algidus -a -um, (of Algidus). algor -oris, m. (cold). algus -us, = algor; q.v. alias, see under alius. alibi, (1) (elsewhere, at another place); 'alibi....alibi', (here...there). (2), (otherwise, in other respects). alica -ae, f. (spelt), or (a drink prepared from spelt). alicubi, (anywhere, somewhere). alicunde, (from anywhere, from somewhere). alienatio -onis, f. (a transference, alienation); 'mentis', (aberration of mind). alienigena -ae, m. (strange, foreign); as subst., (a foreigner). alieno -are, (to make something another's, let go, transfer; to estrange) one person from, another; (to put a thing out of one's mind, to forget); with 'mentem', etc., (to cause a person to lose his reason); pass., 'alienari', (to go out of one's, mind). alienus -a -um, (belonging to another); 'aes', (another's money), and so (debt); in gen., (strange, foreign, unrelated); esp. of persons, (not at home, unfamiliar),or, (estranged, unfriendly);of things,(unfavorable). M. as subst. alienus, (a, stranger); n. as subst. alienum, (another person's property). aliger -gera -gerum, (winged). alimentarius -a -um, (relating to food). alimentum -i, n. (1) (food). (2) (maintenance). alimonium -i, n. (nourishment). alio, see under alius. alioqui and alioquin, (1) (otherwise, in other respects). (2) (in general, in most respects). (3), (else, in other conditions). aliorsum and aliorsus, (1) (in another direction, elsewhere). (2) (in another manner). alipes -pedis, (having wings on the feet); hence (swift); m. pl. as subst., (horses). alipta and aliptes -ae, m. (the anointer in the wrestling school, or in the baths). aliqua, see under aliquis. aliquamdiu, see under aliquis. aliquammultus, see under aliquis. aliquando, (at any time, once; sometimes, occasionally). aliquantulus -a -um, (little, small); n. as adv. (a little). aliquantus -a -um, (of some size, moderate). N. as subst. aliquantum -i, (a good deal); acc., aliquantum, and (with compar.) abl. aliquanto, (somewhat, considerably). aliquatenus, (to certain degree). aliqui aliquae or aliqua aliquod, adj. (some). aliquis aliquid, pron. (someone, something; anyone, anything). N. aliquid often with partitive, genit., (a certain amount or number of); as adv., (in any respect). Transf., (somebody or something great or significant). Hence adv. aliquo, (some, whither, in some direction); adv. aliqua, (by some road, in some way); adv., aliquamdiu, (for some time); adj. aliquammultus, (considerable) in number or, quantity. aliquot, indecl., (some, several). aliquotiens, (several times). alis, alid, old form of alius, aliud; q.v. aliter, see under alius. alium or allium -i, n. (garlic). aliunde, (from some other direction); 'alii aliunde', (from various directions). alius -a -ud, adj. and pronoun, (another, other, different). Distributively, (one, another);, 'alii...alii', (some...others); 'alii alia censent', (some think one thing, some another). In comparison, (other than), followed by atque, quam, etc., Rarely, in plur., (all other, the rest); in sing. = alter, (one of two). Hence, adv. alias. (1) (at another time); 'alius alias', (one person at one time, another at another).(2)(otherwise). Adv. alio, (to another place); 'alius, alio', (in various directions). Transf., (to another person or object; for, another end). Adv. aliter. (1) (otherwise, in another way); 'alius aliter', (in different ways). (2) (else, in other conditions). aliusmodi, (of another kind). all-, v. also under adl-. allec or alec -ecis, n. (fish-pickle). Allecto or Alecto, (one of the three Furies). Allia (Alia) -ae, f. (river in Latium); adj. Alliensis -e. Allobrox -ogis, and pl. Allobroges -um, m. (the Allobroges, a Gallic people). almus -a -um, (nourishing, kind). alnus -i, f. (the alder); meton., (a ship of alder wood). alo alere alui altum (or alitum), (to nourish, support, rear, feed); hence in gen., (to strengthen, increase, promote, advance). Hence partic. altus -a -um, (grown, great). As seen from, below, (high), hence, of the voice, (shrill); of character, dignity, rank, (lofty, noble). As seen from above, (deep); of thoughts,(secret, deep-seated);, of time, (reaching far back, ancient). N. as subst. altum -i, either (height), or (depth). Adv. alte. (highly, deeply). aloe -es, f. (the aloe; bitterness). Alpes -ium, f. (the Alps); adj. Alpinus and Alpicus -a -um, (Alpine). Alpheus or Alpheos -i, m. (the chief river of the Peloponnese). alsius -a -um, (frosty, cold). altaria -ium, n. pl. (an erection upon an altar); hence (high altars), or (a high altar). alter -tera -terum, (one of two, the one, the other); as a numeral(second), 'unus et alter', (one, or two); in pl., (a second set). Hence of quality, (second, next best); of, similarity, (another, a second); 'alter idem', (a second self); of difference, (other, changed). altercatio -onis, f. (dispute, wrangling); legal, (cross-examination). altercor -ari, dep. (to dispute, contend, quarrel); legal, (to cross-examine, cross-, question). alterno -are, (to do first one thing, then another): transit., (to interchange); intransit., (to alternate, waver). alternus -a -um, (one after the other, by turns, alternate, interchanging); 'sermones', (dialogue); of meter, (elegiac) (with hexameter and pentameter alternating). alteruter -utra -utrum, (one of two). altilis -e, (fattened, fed); f. as subst. (sc. avis), (a fowl). altisonus -a -um, (sounding from on high; high-sounding, sublime). altitudo -inis, f. (1) (height); hence (sublimity). (2) (depth); 'animi', (secrecy, reserve). altor -oris, m. (nourisher, foster-father). altrix -icis, f. (nurse, foster-mother). altus -a -um, alte, etc.; see under alo. alucinor -ari, dep. (to wander in mind, dream, talk idly). alumnus -a -um, adj. used as noun, (nursling, foster-child); hence (pupil). aluta -ae, f. (soft leather; a shoe, purse or patch). alvearium -i, n. (beehive). alveolus -i, m. (tray, trough, bucket; gaming-board). alveus -i, m. (a hollow, cavity, trough); hence (boat); also (the hold of a ship;, bathtub; bed of a stream; beehive; gaming-table). alvus -i, f. (belly, womb, stomach; hold of a ship, beehive). amabilis -e, (amiable, lovely); adv. amabiliter. Amalthea -ae, f. either (a nymph, the nurse of Jupiter in Crete) or (the goat on the milk of, which Jupiter was reared). amandatio -onis, f. (a sending away). amando -are, (to send away). amans, = partic. of amo; q.v. amanuensis -is, m. (secretary, clerk). amaracinus -a -um, (made of marjoram); n. as subst. (marjoram ointment). amaracus -i, c. and amaracum -i, n. (marjoram). amarantus -i, m. (the amaranth). amarities -ei, f. (bitterness). amaritudo -inis, f. (bitterness); 'vocis', (harshness of voice). amaror -oris, m. (bitterness). amarus -a -um, (bitter, pungent). Hence, of things, (disagreeable, unpleasant); of persons, (irritable); of speech, (biting, acrimonious). Adv. amare, (bitterly). amator -oris, m. (a lover, friend, admirer); esp.(the lover of a woman). amatorius -a -um, (loving, amorous); n. as subst. (a love philtre). Adv. amatorie. amatrix -icis, f. (mistress, sweetheart). Amazon -onis, f.; gen. in plur. Amazones -um, myth., (nation of female warriors). Hence, subst. Amazonis -idis, f. = Amazon; adj. Amazonicus, Amazonius -a -um. ambactus -i, m. (vassal). ambages, abl. -e, f. (of sing. only abl. found) (a roundabout way, winding). Hence, in, speech, etc., either (circumlocution) or (obscurity, ambiguity). ambedo -esse -edi -esum, (to eat round, consume). ambigo -ere, (to go about or round). Transf., (1) (to doubt, hesitate); 'ambigitur', impers., (it is in doubt); (2) (to dispute, wrangle). ambiguitas -atis, f. (ambiguity). ambiguus -a -um, (moving from side to side, doubtful, uncertain, insecure, unreliable); of, speech, (ambiguous, obscure); n. as subst. (uncertainty, doubt, ambiguity)., Adv. ambigue, (ambiguously, indecisively). ambio -ire -ivi or -ii -itum, (to go round). Hence (1) (to surround). (2) (to go round) from person to, person, (to approach, entreat, canvass) (for votes, help, etc.). Ambiorix -rigis, m. (chief of the Eburones in Gallia Belgica). ambitio -onis, f. (canvassing for office) (in a lawful manner); in gen., (desire for office, popularity or fame). ambitiosus -a -um, (going round); esp. (active in seeking office,popularity or fame; ambitious, ostentatious). Adv. ambitiose, (ambitiously, ostentatiously). ambitus -us, m. (a going round, circuit, revolution). Hence, of things, (border, edge or, extent); in speech, (circumlocution); in relation to persons, (illegal, canvassing for office, bribery, striving after popularity or effect). ambo -ae -o, (both, two together). ambrosia -ae, f. (ambrosia, the food or unguent of the gods). ambrosius -a -um, (divine, immortal, ambrosial). ambubaia -ae, f. (a Syrian flute-girl). ambulatio -onis, f. (a walk or place for walking). ambulatiuncula -ae, f. (a little walk or place for walking, promenade). ambulo -are, (to walk, go for a walk, travel, march): 'bene ambula', ('bon voyage'); with, acc., (to traverse). amburo -urere -ussi -ustum, (to burn round, scorch); of cold, (to nip, numb); in gen., (to injure). amellus -i, m. (the purple Italian starwort). amens -entis, (mad, insane, senseless). amentia -ae, f. (madness, senselessness). amento -are, (to furnish with a strap). amentum -i, n. (a strap, thong). ames -itis, m. (a forked pole). amethystinus -a -um, (amethyst-colored); n. pl. as subst., (dresses of amethyst color). amethystus -i, m. (an amethyst). amfractus, = anfractus; q.v. amicio -icire -icui or -ixi -ictum, (to clothe, wrap round, wrap up, cover, conceal). amicitia -ae, f. (friendship); in plur., concrete, = (friends). amicities -ei, f. = amicitia; q.v. amictus -us, m. (the putting on of a garment), esp. (the toga). Transf., (a garment, covering). amicula -ae, f. (a little mistress). amiculum -i, n. (a mantle or cloak). amiculus -i, m. (a dear friend). amicus -a -um, (friendly, well-wishing, favorable). M. as subst., amicus -i, (a friend); in, plur., (retinue); f. as subst., amica -ae, (a friend or mistress). Adv. amice, and amiciter, (in a friendly manner). amissio -onis, f. (loss). amissus -us, m. = amissio; q.v. amita -ae, f. (a father's sister, aunt). amitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to send away, let go, let slip); hence, in gen., (to lose). Ammon (Hammon) -onis, m. (a Libyan deity), worshipped at Rome under the name of Jupiter Ammon. amnicola -ae, c. (dwelling by the riverside). amniculus -i, m. (a little river). amnis -is, m. (a stream, river, torrent); poet., (current, river water). amo -are, (to love (passionately), be fond of); 'amare se', (to be selfish or pleased, with oneself); 'amabo te', or 'amabo', (please, be so good); with infin., (to, like) to do a thing, also (to be wont, be accustomed). Hence partic. amans, -antis, (loving, fond); as subst., (a lover). Adv. amanter, (lovingly). amoenitas -atis, f. (pleasantness), esp. of places. amoenus -a -um, (pleasant, delightful), esp. of places. amolior -iri, dep. (to remove by an effort, set aside, get rid of); 'amoliri se', (to take, oneself off). amomum -i, n. (an Eastern spice plant; the spice obtained from this plant). amor -oris, m. (love, passion, fondness, desire); meton., (an object of love, darling);, personified, (Love, Cupid). amotio -onis, f. (removal). amoveo -movere -movi -motum, (to move away, withdraw); 'se admovere', (to depart); 'in insulam', (to banish, to an island); of ideas or feelings, (to put aside). amphibolia -ae, f. (ambiguity, double meaning). Amphictyones -um, m. plur., (the Amphictyons, religious representatives of the Greek states). Amphion -onis, m. (king of Thebes, husband of Niobe). amphitheatrum -i, n. (amphitheater). Amphitrite -es, f. (wife of Neptune, goddess of the sea). amphora -ae, f. (1) (a two-handled jar). (2) (a measure): liquid, = about 7 gallons; of, shipping, = about 1/40 of our ton. amplector -plecti -plexus, dep. (to embrace, twine round, enclose, surround). Transf., (to welcome, love, esteem); in thought or speech, (to take in, consider, deal with; to include, comprise). amplexor -ari, dep. (to embrace; to welcome, love). amplexus -us, m. (encircling, embrace). amplificatio -onis, f. (enlarging, heightening, amplification). amplificator -oris, m. (one who enlarges). amplifico -are, (to enlarge, heighten, increase, magnify). amplio -are, (to enlarge, increase, magnify); legal, (to adjourn a case). amplitudo -inis, f. (breadth, size; greatness, dignity, grandeur). amplus -a -um, (large, spacious, ample). Transf., (great, important, honorable; eminent, distinguished); 'amplissimi viri', (men of the highest position); rhet., (grand, full). Adv. ample and ampliter, (fully, grandly). Compar. adv. and n., subst., amplius, (more, further, besides); with numerals, often = more than. ampulla -ae, f. (flask, bottle). Transf., (bombast). ampullor -ari, dep. (to speak bombastically). amputatio -onis, f. (cutting off, pruning). amputo -are, (to cut off), esp. of trees, (to lop, prune); of limbs, (to amputate); hence, in gen., (to remove, diminish); 'amputata loqui', (to speak disconnectedly). Amulius -i, m. (king of Alba Longa, brother of Numitor). amurca -ae, f. (oil lees). amygdalum -i, n. (almond). Amyntas -ae, m. (name of several Macedonian kings). amystis -idis, f. (the emptying of a goblet at a draught). an, conj.: in direct questions, (or); in indirect questions, (or whether). anabathrum -i, n. (a raised seat). anadema -atis, n. (a head ornament, fillet). anagnostes -ae, m. (reader). analecta -ae, m. (a dining room slave). analogia -ae, f. (proportion, comparison, analogy). anapaestus -a -um: 'pes', (a metrical foot, anapest); n. as subst. (a poem in anapestic verse). anaphora -ae, f. in rhetoric, (the repetition of a word at the beginning of several, sentences). anas anatis, f. (duck). anaticula -ae, f. (little duck). anatocismus -i, m. (compound interest). Anaxagoras -ae, m. (a Greek philosopher of the fifth century B.C.). anceps -cipitis, (two-headed); hence (with two peaks or edges). Transf., (coming on or from, both sides; of two natures; ambiguous, uncertain, undecided); hence, (dangerous); n. as subst., (danger). Anchises -ae, m. (father of Aeneas). Hence subst. Anchisiades -ae, m. (a male descendant of, Anchises, Aeneas). ancile -is, n. (a sacred shield, supposed to have fallen from heaven). ancilla -ae, f. (maidservant, female slave). ancillaris -e, (of a maidservant). ancillor -ari, dep. (to serve (as a maid)). ancillula -ae, f. (a little maidservant). ancisus -a -um, (cut round). Ancon -onis, and Ancona -ae, f. (a town on the Adriatic coast of Italy). ancora -ae, f. (an anchor); 'ancoram tollere', (to weigh anchor). ancorale -is, n. (a cable). ancorarius -a -um, (belonging to an anchor). Ancus (Marcius) -i, (fourth king of Rome). Ancyra -ae, f. (capital of Galatia, in Asia Minor). androgynus -i, m. or androgyne -es, f. (hermaphrodite). Andromache -es and -cha -ae, f. (wife of Hector). Andromede -es, f. and -da -ae, f. (wife of Perseus). andron -onis, m. (corridor). Andronicus -i, m. L. Livius, (Roman dramatic and epic poet of the third century B.C.). anellus -i, m. (a little ring). anethum -i, n. (dill, anise). anfractus -us, m. (a turning, a bend); 'solis', (revolution); 'vallis', (winding). Transf., (legal intricacies, circumlocution, digression). angellus -i, m. (a little corner). angiportum -i, n. and angiportus -us, m. (a narrow street). ango -ere, (to press tightly); of the throat, (to strangle, throttle); in gen., (to hurt, distress); of the mind, (to torment, make anxious). angor -oris, m. (compression of the throat, suffocation); of the mind, (distress, anguish, trouble). anguicomus -a -um, (having snaky hair). anguifer -fera -ferum, (snake-bearing). anguigena -ae, m. (snake-born). anguilla -ae, f. (an eel). anguimanus -a -um, (snake-handed). anguineus -a -um, (of a snake, snaky). anguinus -a -um, (snaky). anguipes -pedis, (snake-footed). anguis -is, c. (a snake); in astronomy, (the constellation Draco, or Hydra, or the, Serpent). Anguitenens -entis, m. (the Snake-holder, i.e. the constellation Ophiuchus). angulatus -a -um, (angular, cornered). angulus -i, m. (a corner, angle);esp. either (a quiet corner, retired spot) or fig., (an, awkward corner, strait). angustiae -arum, f. pl. (narrowness); hence, of space, (a strait, narrow place); 'spiritus', (shortness of breath); of time, (shortness); of supplies, (shortness, poverty); of circumstances, (difficulty, distress); of disposition, (narrow-, mindedness); of reasoning, (subtlety). angustus -a -um, (narrow, confined); 'habenae', (tightly-drawn reins); 'spiritus angustior', (constricted breath); of time, (short); of supplies, (short, scarce); of, circumstances, (precarious, critical); of mind or speech, (narrow, petty, limited); of style, (brief, simple). N. as subst. angustum -i, (a narrow, space). Adv. anguste, (narrowly, sparingly, in a narrow, confined manner); of, speech, (briefly). anhelitus -us, m. (puffing, panting). Transf., in gen., (breath; exhalation, vapor). anhelo -are, (to puff, pant); transit., (to pant out words); also (to pant for a thing, desire eagerly). anhelus -a -um, (puffing, panting); 'febris', (causing to pant). anicula -ae, f. (a little old woman). anilis -e, (belonging to or like an old woman). Adv. aniliter. anilitas -atis, f. (old age) (of women). anima -ae, f. (breath, wind, air). Transf., (the breath of life, vital principle, soul);, 'animam edere', (to give up the ghost); poet., (life- blood); meton., (a living, being); sometimes = animus, (rational soul). animadversio -onis, f. (perception, observation, notice); esp. (unfavorable notice; censure, blame, punishment). animadversor -oris, m. (an observer). animadverto (animadvortor) -vertere -verti -versum, (to turn or give the mind to). Hence (to take notice of, attend to; to, perceive, observe). Esp. (to take notice of) a fault, (blame, censure, punish). animal -alis, n. (a living being, animal). animalis -e, (1) (consisting of air, airy). (2) (living). animans -antis, (living); as subst., (a living being, animal). animatio -onis, f. (animating); hence, (a living being). animo -are, (1) (anima), (to animate, give life to). (2) (animus), (to endow with a, particular disposition). Hence partic. animatus -a - um. (1) (having life, alive). (2) (having a disposition, inclined, disposed); esp. (having courage, spirited). animosus -a -um, (1) (anima), (full of breath, airy). (2) (animus), (full of spirit or, courage). Adv. animose, (courageously). animula -ae, f. (a little soul, little life). animus -i, m. (the spiritual or rational principle of life in man). More specifically:, (1) (the seat of feeling, the heart); 'animi causa', (for pleasure); loc. (or, genit.) 'animi', (at heart). (2) (character, disposition); as a trait of, character (esp. in plur.) (courage, spirit, vivacity); also (pride, arrogance). (3) (the seat of the will, intention): 'habeo in animo', (I am, resolved). (4) (the seat of thought, intellect, mind, memory, consciousness). Anio -enis and poet. Anienus -i, m. (the Anio, a tributary of the Tiber). Anna -ae, f. (sister of Dido); 'Anna Perenna', (an Italian goddess). annalis -e, (lasting a year, or relating to a year). M. as subst., usually plur. annales, -ium, (yearly records, annals). anniversarius -a -um, (recurring every year). annona -ae, f. (yearly produce, crop), esp. of grain; (the price of provisions, the cost, of living). annosus -a -um, (full of years, long-lived). annotinus -a -um, (a year old, belonging to last year). annus -i, m. (a circuit of the sun, year); 'exeunte anno', (at the end of the year);, 'annos LXX natus', (seventy years old); 'habere annos viginti', (to be, twenty); esp. (year of office, or of eligibility for office); poet., (time of, year, season). annuus -a -um, (lasting for a year; returning every year, annual). N. plur. as subst. (a, salary, pension). anquiro -quirere -quisivi -quisitum, (to seek carefully, inquire after, investigate); legal, (to set an inquiry on, foot). ansa -ae, f. (a handle); hence, (occasion, opportunity). ansatus -a -um, (with a handle); 'homo', (a man with arms akimbo). anser -eris, m. (goose). Antaeus -i, m. (a giant killed by Hercules). ante, Adv. (before), of place or time; Prep. (before), of place or time; 'ante urbem, conditam', (before the founding of the city); of preference, (sooner than, above). antea, (before, formerly). anteambulo -onis, m. (a footman to clear the way ahead). antecapio -capere -cepi -ceptum, (to seize beforehand); hence (to anticipate, not to wait for); philosoph., 'antecepta informatio', (an innate idea). antecedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, (to go before, precede), in space or time; (to excel) (with dat. or acc.). antecello -ere, (to be outstanding, excel) (with dat. or acc.). antecessio -onis, f. (a preceding or going before); philosoph., (the antecedent cause). antecursor -oris, m. (a forerunner); in pl., (pioneers). anteeo -ire -ii, (to go before), in space or time; hence (to excel) (with dat. or acc.). antefero -ferre -tuli -latum, (to carry before). Transf., (to prefer; to anticipate, consider before). antefixus -a -um, (fastened in front); n. as subst. (ornaments fixed on roofs). antegredior -gredi -gressus, dep. (to go before); philosoph., of antecedent causes. antehabeo -ere, (to prefer). antehac, (before this time, formerly). antelucanus -a -um, (happening before daybreak). antemeridianus -a -um, (before noon). antemitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to send before). antemna or antenna -ae, f. (a sail-yard). anteoccupatio -onis, f. (an exception). antepes -pedis, m. (the forefoot). antepilani -orum, m. (front line soldiers) (i.e. the hastati and principes). antepono -ponere -posui -positum, (to place before, to prefer). antequam, conjunction, (before). antes -ium, m. pl. (rows or ranks). antesignanus -i, m. usually plur., (soldiers chosen for a place in front of the standards);, hence, sing., (a leader). antesto (antisto) -stare -steti, (to stand before; to excel, surpass). antestor -ari, dep. legal, (to call as a witness). antevenio -venire -veni -ventum, (to come before, precede). Transf., (to anticipate, prevent; to prefer). anteverto (-vorto) -vertere -verti -versum, (to come or go before, precede). Transf., (to anticipate, prevent; to, prefer). anticipatio -onis, f. (a preconception, innate idea). anticipo -are, (to receive before, anticipate); 'viam', (to travel over before). anticus -a -um, (forward, in front). antidea, old form of antea; q.v. antideo, old form of anteeo; q.v. antidhac, old form of antehac; q.v. Antigone -es, f. and Antigona -ae, f. (daughter of Oedipus, put to death for burying her, brother). Antigonus -i, m. (name of several of the successors of Alexander the Great). Antiochia or Antiochea -ae, f. (Antioch, name of several Asiatic towns). Antipater -tri, m. (name of several kings of Macedonia). antiquarius -a -um, (belonging to antiquity); m. or f. as subst. (an antiquary). antiquitas -atis, f. (antiquity, ancient times; the history of ancient times); in plur., (the, ancients). antiquitus, see antiquus. antiquo -are, (to leave in its former state); 'legem', (to reject a bill). antiquus -a -um, (coming before; previous, earlier); absol., (old, ancient, primitive). In, compar. and superl. (preferred, more important). M. pl. as subst. antiqui, -orum, (the people of old time), esp. (ancient authors). Hence adv. antique, (in the ancient manner); also antiquitus, (from of old or long ago). antistes -stitis, c. (a presiding priest or priestess). antistita -ae, f. (a presiding priestess). antisto, = antesto;q.v. antitheton -i, n. (antithesis, opposition). Antium -i, n. (an old town of Latium on the sea-coast). antlia -ae, f. (a pump). Antoninus -i, m. (name of several Roman emperors). Antonius -a -um, (the name of a Roman gens). antrum -i, n. (a cave, hollow). Anubis -bis or -bidis, m. (an Egyptian god). anularius -a -um, (of a ring); m. as subst. (a ring-maker). anulus -i, m. (a ring); 'anulus equestris', (the badge of knighthood at Rome). anus (1) -i, m. (the fundament). anus (2) -us, f. (an old woman); also used like adj., (old). anxietas -atis, f. (anxiety, grief, anguish). anxifer -fera -ferum, (causing anxiety). anxitudo -inis, f. (anxiousness). anxius -a -um, (anxious, uneasy). Transf., (causing anxiety). Adv. anxie. Anxur -uris, n. (an old town of the Volsci). Aones -um, (the Boeotians); Aonia -ae, f. (part of Boeotia, resort of the Muses); hence, Aonides -um, f. (the Muses); adj. Aonius -a -um. Aornos -i, m. (the lake of Avernus). apage, interj. (away! be off !). Apelles -is, m. (a Greek painter, friend of Alexander the Great). Adj. Apelleus -a -um. aper apri, m. (a wild boar). aperio aperire aperui apertum, (1) (to uncover, lay bare); hence in gen. (to reveal). (2) (to open what was, shut, open up); 'ludum', (to open a school); 'annum', (to begin the year)., Hence partic. apertus -a -um, (1) (uncovered, clear, unconcealed, manifest);, of speech, (clear, intelligible, frank); of character, (frank, straightforward, open). (2) (unclosed, accessible, exposed). N. as subst., (an, open space). Adv. aperte, (openly, frankly). apex -icis, m. (the top); esp. (the top of the conical cap of the Roman 'flamines', or the, cap itself); hence any (crown, tiara, helmet); fig., (highest honor, crown);, gram., (the long mark over a vowel). aphractus -i, f. (a long undecked boat). apicatus -a -um, (wearing the priest's cap). apinae -arum, f. pl. (trifles). apis or apes -is, f. (a bee). Apis -is, m. (Apis, the ox-god of the Egyptians). apiscor apisci aptus, dep. (to attain, come to, come by). apium -i, n. (parsley or celery). aplustre -is, n. generally plur. aplustria -ium, and aplustra -orum, (the carved stern of a, ship). apodyterium -i, n. (the undressing-room in a bath). Apollo -inis, m. (Apollo, god of the sun, born at Delos); 'ad Apollinis' (sc. sedem), (to, the temple of Apollo). Adj. Apollinaris -e, and Apollineus -a -um. apologus -i, m. (a narrative, fable). apophoreta -orum, n. pl. (presents given to guests). apotheca -ae, f. (storeroom). apparate, adv. from apparo; q.v. apparatio -onis, f. (preparation). apparatus -us, m.: abstr., (preparation, preparing); concr., (provision, equipment, apparatus), esp. on a pretentious scale; hence (splendor, magnificence, pomp, parade). appareo -ere -ui -itum, (to become visible, appear, be manifest); 'apparet', (it is clear); sometimes, (to appear as a servant, to serve) (with dat.). appario -ere, (to get, obtain). apparitio -onis, f. (waiting upon, serving); meton., plur. (servants). apparitor -oris, m. (a servant); esp. (a public servant, e.g. lictor). apparo -are, (to prepare, get ready, provide). Hence partic. apparatus -a -um, (prepared, well supplied or sumptuous). Adv. apparate, (sumptuously). appellatio -onis, f. (addressing, speech); legal, (an appeal; a naming, name, title;, pronunciation). appellator -oris, m. (an appellant). appellito -are, (to be accustomed to name). appello, (1) -pellere -puli -pulsum, (to drive to, bring to, apply); nautical, (to, bring to land); 'huc appelle', ('put in here'). appello, (2) -are. (1) (to address, accost, speak to); esp. of asking favors, (to, approach, entreat, sue); legal, (to appeal to). (2) (to name, entitle); hence, (to mention by name, make known). (3) (to pronounce). appendix -icis, f. (appendage, addition). appendo -pendere -pendi -pensum, (to weigh to, deal out by weight). Appenninus -i, m. (the chain of the Apennines). appetentia -ae, f. (desire, longing). appetitio -onis, f. (desire, longing). appetitus -us, m. (longing, appetite); plur., (the passions). appeto -ere -ivi or -ii -itum, (to make for, grasp at, seek); of places, (to make for or go to); in hostile, sense, (to attack); intransit., of time, (to draw near). appingo -pingere -pinxi -pictum, paint to, or upon; to write in addition). Appius -i, m., Appia -ae, f. (a Roman praenomen common in the gens Claudia); as adj., Appius -a -um, (Appian); 'via', (the Appian way, a road from Rome to Capua, afterwards extended to Brundisium); also adj. Appianus -a -um, (belonging to, an Appius, Appian). applaudo -plaudere -plausi -plausum, (to strike upon, clap). applicatio -onis, f. (attachment, application). applico -are -avi -atum, and -ui -itum, (to apply to, place to or near); 'corpora corporibus', (to, close up the ranks); naut., (to lay a ship to or beside); absol., (to land)., Trnasf. in gen., (to attach, connect); with reflex. (to attach oneself, devote, oneself). Perf. partic. pass. applicatus -a -um, (situated near, built near). apploro -are, (to lament, deplore). appono -ponere -posui -positum, (to place near, put to); esp. (to serve, put on table; to appoint) a person, (to add) a thing; 'appone lucro', (reckon as gain). Hence partic. appositus -a, -um, (placed near, lying near; approaching, near to; fit, appropriate, apposite); adv. apposite, (appropriately). apporrectus -a -um, (extended near). apporto -are, (to carry, bring to). apposco -ere, (to ask in addition). apprecor -ari, dep. (to worship, pray for). apprehendo -prehendere -prehendi -prehensum, and poet. apprendo, (to seize, lay hold of). apprime, (above all, exceedingly). apprimo -primere -pressi -pressum, (to press to). approbatio -onis, f. (approval, assent); in philosophy, (proof). approbator -oris, m. (one who approves or assents). approbo -are, (to approve of, assent to; to prove, establish; to make acceptable to), another. appromitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to promise in addition). appropero -are, (to hasten, hasten on). appropinquatio -onis, f. (approach). appropinquo -are, (to approach, draw near). appugno -are, (to assault, fight against). Appulia, see Apulia. appulsus -us, m. (a driving towards); hence (approach, influence); naut. (landing). apricatio -onis, f. (sun-bathing). apricor -ari, dep. (to sun oneself). apricus -a -um, adj. (open to the sun, sunny; loving the sun). Aprilis -e, (of April); m. as subst. (the month of April). apto -are, (to fit, adapt, adjust; to make ready or fit). aptus -a -um, (1) as partic. (fitted, fastened, connected). Transf., (depending on); also, (prepared, fitted out; fitted up with, equipped with), with abl. (2) as adj., (suitable, appropriate, fitting). Adv. apte. apud, prep. with acc. (at,near, by, with); 'apud me', (at my house). Of other, relations; 'apud se', (in one's senses); 'apud me valet', (it weighs with me);, 'apud patres', (in our fathers' time); 'apud Ciceronem', (in the works of, Cicero). Apulia or Appulia -ae, f. (Apulia, a region in S. Italy). Adj. Apulicus and Apulus -a -um. aqua -ae, f. (water); 'aqua et ignis', (the necessaries of life); 'aqua et igni, interdicere homini', (to banish a person); 'aquam terramque poscere', (to, demand submission). Esp. (the water of the sea, a lake, a river, or rain); in, plur. ((medicinal) springs); often (water in the water-clock). aquaeductus -us, m. (an aqueduct; the right of conveying water). aquarius -a -um, (belonging to water); m. as subst. (a water-carrier or an inspector of, conduits). aquaticus -a -um, (living in water, or full of water, watery). aquatilis -e, (living in water). aquatio -onis, f. (a fetching of water); meton., (a watering-place). aquator -oris, m. (a water-carrier). aquila -ae, f. (an eagle); milit., (an eagle as the standard of a Roman legion);, architect., (gable or pediment). aquilifer -feri, m. (an eagle- or standard-bearer). aquilo -onis, m. (the north wind; the north). aquilonius -a -um, (northern). aquilus -a -um, (dark-colored, blackish). Aquitania -ae, f. (Aquitania, the southwest part of Gaul). Adj. Aquitanus -a -um. aquor -ari, dep. (to fetch water). aquosus -a -um, (full of water, watery). aquula -ae, f. (a little water, small stream). ara -ae, f. (altar); hence (refuge, protection); 'arae', plur., (name of certain rocks, at sea). Arabia -ae, f. (Arabia). Adj. Arabius and Arabicus -a -um, (Arabian); adj. and subst., Arabs -abis and Arabus -a -um, (Arabian, an Arabian). Arachne -es, f. (a Lydian maiden turned into a spider by Minerva). aranea -ae, f. (a spider); meton., (the spider's web). araneola -ae, f. (a little spider). araneolus -i, m. (a little spider). araneosus -a -um, (full of cobwebs). araneus (1) -a -um, (of a spider); n. as subst. (a cobweb). araneus (2) -i, m. (a spider). aratio -onis, f. (plowing, agriculture); meton., (a plowed field). arator -oris, m. (ploughman, husbandman). aratrum -i, n. (plow). arbiter -tri, m. (a witness, spectator), legal, (an umpire, arbitrator); hence (any judge, ruler, master). arbitra -ae, f. (a female witness). arbitrarius -a -um, (arbitrary, uncertain). arbitratus -us, m. (will, choice, decision). arbitrium -i, n. (1) (the presence of witnesses). (2) (the decision of an umpire); hence, (any decision, judgment, authority); 'arbitrio suo', (under his own control). arbitro -are, and arbitror -ari, dep. (1) (to witness; to bear witness). (2) (to arbitrate, judge, decide). arbor (arbos) -oris, f. (a tree); also any wooden object, such as an (oar, mast, ship); 'arbor, infelix', (the gallows). arboreus -a -um, (relating to trees; treelike). arbustus -a -um, (planted with trees). N. as subst. arbustum -i, (a plantation, vineyard, planted with trees). arbuteus -a -um, (of the arbutus). arbutum -i, n. (the fruit, leaves, etc., of the wild strawberry or arbutus tree). arbutus -i, f. (the wild strawberry or arbutus tree). arca -ae, f. (a chest, box); esp. (a money-box or coffin); also (a cell). Arcadia -ae, f. (part of the Peloponnesus).Adj. Arcadius and Arcadicus -a -um. arcanus -a -um, (shut, closed); hence (silent, secret). N. as subst. (a secret). Adv. arcano, (secretly). Arcas -adis, m. adj. and subst., (Arcadian, an Arcadian). arceo -ere -ui, (1) (to shut in). (2) (to keep at a distance, hinder, prevent, keep away). arcessitor -oris, m. (a summoner). arcessitu, abl. sing. m. (at the summons) of a person. arcesso (accerso) -ere -ivi -itum, (to fetch, call, summon); legal, (to summon, bring before a court of justice);, in gen., (to fetch, derive, obtain). Hence partic. arcessitus, (strained, far-fetched). archetypus -a -um, (original). Archias -ae, m. Aulus Licinius, (a Greek poet defended by Cicero). archimagirus -i, m. (head cook). Archimedes -is, m. (a mathematician and inventor, killed at the capture of Syracuse (212, B.C.)). archipirata -ae, m. (chief pirate). architecton -onis, m. (master-builder). architector -ari, dep. (to build, devise). architectura -ae, f. (architecture). architectus -i, m. (an architect, master-builder, inventor, maker). archon -ontis, m. (an archon, an Athenian magistrate). arcitenens -entis, (holding the bow). Arctos -i, f. (the Great and Little Bear); hence (the north). arctous -a -um, (belonging to the Bear); hence (northern). Arcturus -i, m. (the brightest star of Bootes). arcula -ae, f. (a casket). Transf., (rhetorical argument). arcuo -are, (to bend or shape like a bow). arcus -us, m. (a bow, arch, arc); esp. (the rainbow). ardea -ae, f. (a heron). ardelio -onis, m. (a busybody). ardeo ardere arsi, (to burn, glow, be on fire); of bright objects, (to gleam); of feeling (esp., of love), (to burn, smart); of political disorder, (to be ablaze). Hence, partic. ardens -entis, (hot, glowing, burning, fiery, eager); adv. ardenter. ardesco -ere (to take fire); of bright objects, (to glitter); of passions, (to become inflamed); of strife, (to blaze up). ardor -oris, m. (flame, burning, heat); of bright objects, (gleam); of feelings (esp. of, love), (heat, eagerness); meton., (an object of love, loved one). arduus -a -um, (steep, towering, lofty). Transf., (difficult to undertake or reach); n. as, subst., (difficulty). area -ae, f. (a level or open space, site, court-yard, threshing floor); esp. (a, playground); hence, in gen., (play). arefacio -facere -feci -factum, (to make dry). arena, = harena;q.v. areo -ere, (to be dry); partic. arens -entis, (dry, thirsty). Areopagus -i, m. (Mars' hill at Athens, where a court sat). Hence Areopagites -ae, m. (a, member of the court). Ares -is, m. (the Greek god of war, Latin Mars). aresco -ere, (to become dry). aretalogus -i, m. (a babbler about virtue). Arethusa -ae, f. (a fountain at Syracuse); myth. (a nymph chased by the river Alpheus under, the sea to Sicily). argentarius -a -um, (relating to silver or money); 'taberna', (a banker's stall). M. as subst. (a, money-changer, banker); f. as subst., (the office or trade of a banker); also, (a silver mine). argentatus -a -um, (ornamented with silver). argenteus -a -um, (of silver). Transf., (ornamented with silver; of the color of silver;, belonging to the Silver Age). argentum -i, n. (silver); esp. (silver plate or silver coin); hence, in gen., (money). Argiletum -i, n. (the booksellers' district in Rome). argilla -ae, f. (white clay, potter's clay). Argo Argus, f. (the ship Argo). Argonautae -arum, m. pl. (the Argonauts, the heroes who sailed in the Argo). Argos, n. and Argi -orum, m. pl. (Argos, capital of Argolis in the Peloponnese). Adj., Argeus and Argivus -a -um; plur. subst. Argivi, m. (the Argives or Greeks)., Hence f. subst. Argoles -idis, (the district Argolis); adj. Argolicus -a -um. argumentatio -onis, f. (the bringing forward of a proof). argumentor -ari, dep. (to bring forward a proof, allege as a proof). argumentum -i, n. (argument, proof; subject, contents, matter). arguo -uere -ui -utum, (to put in clear light; to declare, prove; to accuse, blame, expose, convict)., Hence partic. argutus -a -um: to the eye, (expressive, lively); to the ear, (piercing, shrill, noisy); of omens, (clear, significant); of persons, (sagacious, cunning). Adv. argute, (sagaciously). Argus -i, m. (the hundred-eyed guardian of Io). argutiae -arum, f. pl. (liveliness, animation); of the mind, (cleverness, sagacity, cunning). argutulus -a -um, (somewhat acute). Ariadna -ae and Ariadne -es, f. (daughter of Minos of Crete). aridulus -a -um, (somewhat dry). aridus -a -um, adj. (dry, arid, thirsty); 'febris', (parching); 'crura', (shrivelled); of, living conditions, (meager); intellectually, (dry, jejune); of character, (avaricious). N. as subst., (dry ground). aries -ietis, m. (a ram; a battering ram; a prop, beam). arieto -are, (to butt like a ram). Arion -onis, m. (a cithara player, saved from drowning by a dolphin). Ariovistus -i, m. (a Germanic prince). arista -ae, f. (the beard of an ear of grain); hence (the ear itself); also (a harvest). Aristophanes -is, m. (the Athenian comic dramatist). Adj. Aristophaneus -a -um. Aristoteles -is and -i, m. (the Greek philosopher, pupil of Plato, founder of the Peripatetic school)., Adj. Aristoteleus and Aristotelius - a -um. arithmetica -ae and -e -es, f.; also arithmetica -orum, n. pl.; (arithmetic). arma -orum, n. pl. (defensive arms, armor, weapons of war); hence (war, soldiers, military, power; protection, defense);in gen. (tools, equipment). armamenta -orum, n. pl. (implements, tackle), esp. of a ship. armamentarium -i, n. (an armory). armarium -i, n. (a cupboard, chest). armatu, abl. sing. m. (with armor); 'gravi armatu', (with heavy-armed troops). armatura -ae, f. (equipment, armor); meton., (armed soldiers). armentalis -e, (belonging to a herd). armentarius -i, m. (herdsman). armentum -i, n. (cattle for plowing); coll., (a herd). armifer -fera -ferum, (bearing arms, warlike). armiger -gera -gerum, (bearing arms); as subst., m. or f., (an armor bearer). armilla -ae, f. (bracelet). armillatus -a -um, (adorned with a bracelet). armipotens -entis, (mighty in arms, warlike). armisonus -a -um, (resounding with arms). armo -are, (to provide with arms, arm, equip, fit out). armus -i, m. (shoulder or shoulder-blade); also, of an animal, (the side). Arnus -i, m. (chief river of Etruria) (now Arno). aro -are, (to plow, farm, cultivate). Transf., (to furrow, wrinkle); of ships, (to plow), the sea. Arpinum -i, n. (a Volscian hill-town, birthplace of Cicero); adj. and subst. Arpinas, -atis; adj. Arpinus -a -um. arquatus -a -um, (relating to jaundice); m. as subst., (a sufferer from jaundice). arr-, see also adr-. arrabo, see arrha. arrha -ae, f. and arrhabo -onis, m. (earnest money). ars -tis, f. (1) (skill, method, technique); 'ex arte', (according to the rules of art)., (2) (an occupation, profession). (3) concrete, in plur., (works of art). (4), (conduct, character, method of acting); 'bonae artes', (good qualities). Artaxerxes -is, m. (name of several Persian kings). arteria -ae, f. (the wind-pipe; an artery). arthriticus -a -um, (gouty). articularis -e, (of the joints); 'morbus', (gout). articulatim, (piecemeal, joint by joint, distinctly). articulo -are, (to articulate, speak distinctly). articulus -i, m.: in the body, (a small joint); in plants, (a knob, knot); of time, (a, moment, crisis); in gen., (a part, division, point). artifex -ficis, m. As adj.: act., (skilled, clever); pass., (skillfully made). As subst., (worker, craftsman, maker, creator, expert). artificiosus -a -um, (skillful, accomplished; skillfully made); hence (artificial). Adv., artificiose, (skillfully). artificium -i, n. (occupation, craft, art); also (the theory, system of an art); concr., (work of art); in gen., (cleverness, skill, cunning). arto -are, (to press together, reduce, abridge). artolaganus -i, m. (a cake made of meal, wine, milk, etc.). artopta -ae, m. (a baker; a bread pan). artus (1) (arctus) -a -um, (narrow, tight, close); 'somnus', (fast, sound); of supplies, (small, meager);, of circumstances, (difficult, distressing). N. as subst. (a narrow space); in, gen., (difficulty, constraint). Adv. arte, (narrowly, tightly, closely);, 'dormire', (soundly, fast); 'artius appellare', (to cut a name short). artus (2) -us, m. normally plur., (the joints); 'dolor artuum', (gout); poet., (limbs). arula -ae, f. (a little altar). arund-, see harund-. Aruns, (an Etruscan name for a younger son). arvina -ae, f. (fat, lard). arvus -a -um, (plowed). N. as subst. arvum -i, (plowed land, a field); in gen., (a region). arx -cis, f. (fortress, citadel, stronghold, height); fig., (bulwark, protection, headquarters). as assis, m. (a whole, a unit), divided into 12 parts (unciae); 'heres ex asse', (sole, heir); as a small coin, (the as); as a weight, (a pound). Ascanius -i, m. (son of Aeneas). ascendo -scendere -scendi -scensum, (to mount, ascend, rise). ascensio -onis, f. (ascent); 'oratorum', (lofty flight). ascensus -us, m. (a going up, ascent); meton., (a way up). ascia -ae, f. (a carpenter's axe; a mason's trowel). ascio -scire, (to take to oneself, adopt as one's own). ascisco asciscere ascivi ascitum, (to receive, admit); of persons, (to adopt); of things, (to take up, approve)., Hence partic. ascitus -a - um, (foreign, acquired). Ascra -ae, f. (town in Boeotia, home of Hesiod); adj. Ascraeus -a -um. ascribo -scribere -scripsi -scriptum: of things, (to write in, add in writing); hence (to attribute, impute); of persons, (to, enrol, include, put on a list). ascripticius -a -um, (enrolled as member of a community). ascriptio -onis, f. (addition in writing). ascriptor -oris, m. (one who approves). asella -ae, f. (a she-ass). asellus -i, m. (ass). Asia -ae, f. (1) (a town and district in Lydia). (2) (the continent of Asia). (3) (the, peninsula of Asia Minor). (4) (the Roman province of Asia, formed in 133, B.C.). Hence adj. Asianus, Asiaticus and Asius -a -um; subst. Asis -idis, f., poet., (Asia). asilus -i, m. (gad-fly). asina -ae, f. (she-ass). asinus -i, m. (ass). asotus -i, m. (sensualist, libertine). asparagus -i, m. (asparagus). aspargo, = aspergo;q.v. aspectabilis -e, (visible). aspecto -are, (to look at earnestly, look towards, observe, attend to). aspectus -us, m.: act., (looking, sight, range or power of vision); pass., (sight, power of, being seen, look, aspect, appearance). aspello -ere, (to drive away). asper -era -erum, (rough, uneven); to the taste, (pungent, sour); to the hearing, (harsh, grating); of weather, (rough, stormy); of character or circumstances, (rough, wild, harsh, difficult, severe). N. as subst. (roughness, a rough place). Adv., aspere, (roughly). aspergo (1) -spergere -spersi -spersum, (to sprinkle upon or besprinkle with). aspergo (2) -inis, f. (sprinkling, spray). asperitas -atis, f. (roughness, unevenness); to the taste, (sourness); to the ear, (harshness)., of character or circumstances, (harshness, fierceness, severity, difficulty). aspernatio -onis, f. (contempt). aspernor -ari, dep. (to despise, reject, spurn). aspero -are, (to make rough or sharp; to excite, arouse). aspersio -onis, f. (sprinkling). aspicio -spicere -spexi -spectum, (to look at, behold, survey, inspect, confront). Transf., mentally, (to, investigate, consider); of places, (to look towards, face). aspiratio -onis, f. (breathing, exhalation); in speech, (pronunciation of the letter H, aspiration). aspiro -are, intransit., (to breathe, blow, exhale): fig. (to be favorable, assist); also, (to climb up, reach towards) a thing; transit., (to blow air); fig. (to infuse, spirit, etc.). aspis -idis, f. (an adder, asp). asportatio -onis, f. (a taking away, carrying off). asporto -are, (to carry off, take away). aspreta -orum, n. pl. (rough, uneven places). asser -eris, m. (a stake, pole). assula -ae, f. (a shaving, clip). assus -a -um, (dried, roasted); n. pl. as subst. (a sweating bath). ast, = at;q.v. ast-, see also adst-. astrologia -ae, f. (astronomy). astrologus -i, m. (an astronomer or astrologer). astrum -i, n. (a star, or constellation). Transf., esp. plur., (the heights, glory, immortality). astu, n. (a city), esp. Athens. astus -us, m. (cleverness, cunning). astutia -ae, f. (adroitness, craft); in pl. (tricks). astutus -a -um, (adroit, clever, crafty): adv. astute. asylum -i, n. (a sanctuary, place of refuge). asymbolus -a -um, (contributing nothing to the cost of an entertainment). at (ast), (but, yet, moreover); sometimes introducing an imaginary objection, (but, you, may say). atat, attat, attatae, attattatae, etc. interj. (oh! ah! alas!). atavus -i, m. (a great-great-great-grandfather); in gen., (an ancestor). Atella -ae, f. (a city in Campania); adj. Atellanus -a -um; f. as subst. (sc. fabella) (a, kind of popular farce); m. as subst., (a player in these farces); adj., Atellanius or Atellanicus -a -um, (of Atellan farces). ater atra atrum, (dead black, dark); poet. (clothed in black). Transf., (dark, gloomy, sad;, malicious, poisonous). Athenae -arum, f. pl. (Athens); meton., (learning). Adj. Athenaeus -a -um, (Athenian, an, Athenian). atheos and atheus -i, m. (an atheist). athleta -ae, m. (wrestler, athlete). athleticus -a -um, (relating to an athlete);adv. athletice, (athletically). Atlas -antis, m. (1) (a mountain in Mauritania). (2) (a mythical king and giant, changed, into Mount Atlas). Hence Atlantiades -ae, m. (a male descendant of Atlas);, Atlantis -idis, f. (a female descendant of Atlas); adj. Atlanticus and, Atlanteus -a -um. atomus -i, f. (an atom). atque and ac, (and, and also, and indeed). In comparisons: of similarity, with such words as, aequus or idem, (as); of difference, with such words as alius or secus, (than, from). atqui, (nevertheless, but in fact); sometimes confirmatory, (indeed, certainly). atramentum -i, n. (black fluid, such as ink or shoemaker's black). atratus -a -um, (clothed in black, in mourning). Atreus -ei, m. (son of Pelops, father of Agamemnon and Menelaus). Hence Atrides or Atrida, -ae, m. (a son of Atreus). atriensis -is, m. (head slave, steward). atriolum -i, n. (a little atrium, an antechamber). atrium -i, n. (the hall or entrance in a Roman house, temple or public building). atrocitas -atis, f. (frightfulness, cruelty, harshness, barbarity). Atropos -i, f. (one of the three Parcae or Fates). atrox -ocis, (terrible, cruel, horrible); of human character, (harsh, fierce, severe). Adv., atrociter. attactu, abl. sing. m., (by touch, by contact). attagen -enis, m. and attagena -ae, f. (the black partridge). Attalus -i, m. (name of several kings of Pergamum): adj. Attalicus -a -um. attamen or at tamen, (but yet). attempero -are, (to fit, adjust to); adv. from partic., attemperate, (appropriately). attendo -tendere -tendi -tentum, (to stretch to); usually with animum (animos) or absol., (to direct the, attention towards, attend to). Hence partic. attentus, (attentive, careful):, adv. attente. attentio -onis, f. (attentiveness, attention). attento or attempto -are, (to try, test, essay; to tamper with, try to corrupt, or to attack). attenuo -are, (to make thin, reduce, weaken). Hence partic. attenuatus, (made weak); of, style, (abbreviated, overrefined, or unadorned); adv. attenuate, (simply, without ornament). attero -terere -trivi (-terui) -tritum, (to rub against, rub away); in gen., (to weaken, ruin). Hence partic. attritus, -a -um, (rubbed away, worn out); fig., 'frons', (shameless). attestor -ari, dep. (to attest, bear witness to). attexo -texere -texui -textum, (to weave or plait on or to); hence, in gen., (to add). Atthis -idis, f. adj., (Attic, Athenian). Attica -ae, f. (Attica, the district of Greece containing Athens). Atticus (1) -a -um, (belonging to Attica or Athens, Attic, Athenian); adv. Attice, (in the Attic, or Athenian manner). Atticus (2), T. Pomponius, (the friend of Cicero). attineo -tinere -tinui -tentum, transit., (to hold, keep, detain);intransit., (to pertain to, or concern), only in the third person: 'quod ad me attinet' (as far as I am concerned);, 'nihil attinet', (it is pointless). attingo -tingere -tigi -tactum, (to touch, to reach); of places, (to border upon); of enemies, (to attack, strike). Transf., (to handle, manage, be concerned or connected with); of, feelings, (to affect) a person; in writing or speech, (to touch upon, to, mention). attollo -tollere, (to raise, lift up). Transf. (to elevate, excite, exalt). attondeo -tondere -tondi -tonsum, (to cut, clip, prune); in gen., (to diminish). attono -tonare -tonui -tonitum, (to strike with thunder, stun). Hence partic. attonitus -a -um, (struck by, thunder; stunned, senseless; inspired, frantic). attorqueo -ere, (to whirl, swing upward). attraho -trahere -traxi -tractum, (to draw, drag, attract). attrecto -are, (to touch, handle, lay hands on). attribuo -uere -ui -utum, (to allot, assign, hand over). Transf., in gen., (to give, ascribe, add); of, taxes, (to impose). N. of partic. as subst. attributum -i, (a predicate, attribute). attributio -onis, f. (the assignment of a debt); rhet. (an attribute). attritus -a -um, partic. from attero; q.v. au, interj., (oh!). auceps -cupis, n. (a fowler, bird-catcher; a spy, eavesdropper). auctificus -a -um, (increasing). auctio -onis, f. (an increasing); hence, from the bidding, (an auction). auctionarius -a -um, (relating to an auction). auctionor -ari, dep. (to hold an auction). auctito -are, (to increase very much). aucto -are, (to increase very much). auctor -oris, m. (one who gives increase). Hence (1) (an originator, causer, doer; founder, of a family; architect of a building; author of a book; originator of or, leader in an enterprise; source of or warrant for a piece of information). (2), (a backer, supporter, approver, surety). auctoramentum -i, n. (a contract; wages). auctoritas -atis, f. (1) (support, backing, lead, warrant); polit., (sanction) (esp. of the, senate). (2) (power conferred, rights, command); legal, (title). (3) in gen., (influence, authority, prestige); meton., (an influential person). auctoro -are, (to bind or hire for money). auctumnus, = autumnus; q.v. auctus -us, m. (increase, enlargement, growth). aucupatio -onis, f. (fowling, bird-catching). aucupium -i, n. (bird-catching, fowling); hence, in gen.,(hunting, watching, eavesdropping); 'aucupia verborum', (cavilling, quibbling). aucupor -ari, dep. (to catch birds); in gen., (to watch out for, lie in wait for). audacia -ae, f. (courage, daring); in bad sense, (audacity, impudence, temerity); in plur., (audacious deeds). audax -acis, (bold) (in good or bad sense). audentia -ae, f. (boldness, courage). audeo audere ausus sum, (to be daring; to dare, venture, bring oneself to). Hence partic. audens, -entis, (daring, bold); compar. adv. audentius. audientia -ae, f. (hearing, attention). audio -ire, (to hear, listen; to learn a thing by hearing); sometimes (to listen to and, believe (or obey)); rarely (to be called); 'bene audire', (to be well spoken, of). Hence partic. audiens -entis, as adj., (obedient);as subst. (a hearer). auditio -onis, f. (hearing, listening); concr., (hearsay reports). auditor -oris, m. (a hearer, auditor, scholar). auditorium -i, n. (a place of audience, lecture-room, court of justice, etc.). auditus -us, m. (hearing, sense of hearing); concr., (a report). aufero auferre abstuli ablatum, (to carry away, remove); in bad sense, (to make away with, carry off, steal). Aufidus -i, m. (a river in Apulia). aufugio -fugere -fugi, (to flee, escape). augeo augere auxi auctum, (to enlarge, increase); of rivers, in pass., (to be swollen); in speech, (to, extol, set forth); with abl., (to enrich with, furnish with); in transit., (rare), (to grow). Hence partic. auctus -a -um, (increased, enriched). augesco -ere, (to increase, begin to grow). augmen -inis, n. (increase, growth). augur -uris, c. (augur, soothsayer, seer). auguralis -e, (relating to an augur or augury); n. as subst. augurale -is, (part of the, Roman camp, where auspices were taken). auguratio -onis, f. (divining, soothsaying). auguratus -us, m. (the office of augur). augurium -i, n. (the office and work of an augur, observation and interpretation of omens, augury); in gen., (an omen, prophecy, presentiment). augurius -a -um, (relating to an augur). auguro -are, (to act as an augur, take auguries); 'locus auguratur', (the place is, consecrated by auguries); in gen., (to have a foreboding or presentiment). auguror -ari, dep. (to act as an augur, foretell by auguries); hence, in gen. (to foretell, or to guess). Augusta -ae, f. (a name for any female relative of the Roman emperor, or town named after, him). Augustalis -e, (belonging to or in honor of the Emperor Augustus). augustus -a -um, (consecrated, holy; majestic, dignified). Adv. auguste, (reverently). Augustus (1) -i, m. (a name assumed by all Roman emperors). Augustus (2) -a -um, (relating to Augustus); 'mensis', (August). aula (1) -ae, f., (forecourt, courtyard); poet. = atrium, (an inner court). Transf., (a, palace, royal court); meton., (courtiers). aula (2), = olla; q.v. aulaeum -i, n. usually plur., (embroidered work, tapestry, curtains (esp. of a theater)). aulicus -a -um, (of the court, princely). auloedus -i, m. (one who sings to the flute). aura -ae, f. (air), esp. (air breathed or blowing, breath, wind); poet., esp. plur., (upper air, heaven); 'superas ad auras', (to the light of day); 'ferre sub, auras', (to make known); poet. (rarely), (smell, glitter, or echo). aurarius -a -um, (golden, of gold); f. as subst., (a gold mine). auratus -a -um, (golden or adorned with gold). Aurelius -a -um, (name of a Roman plebeian gens). aureolus -a -um, (golden, glittering, splendid). aureus -a -um, (golden, made of gold or adorned with gold); poet., (of the color of gold), and, in gen., (excellent, beautiful). aurichalchum, = orichalchum; q.v. auricomus -a -um, (with golden hair or leaves). auricula -ae, f. (the lobe of the ear); in gen., (the ear). aurifer -fera -ferum, (gold-bearing, gold-producing). aurifex -ficis, m. (a goldsmith). auriga -ae, c. (charioteer, driver); of a ship, (helmsman); as a constellation, (the, Wagoner). auriger -gera -gerum, (gold-bearing). aurigo -are, (to drive a chariot). auris -is, f. (the ear); hence (hearing); of a plow, (the earth- or mould-board). auritus -a -um, (long-eared); hence (attentive). aurora -ae, f. (dawn, break of day); personified, (Aurora, goddess of morning). meton., (the east). aurum -i, n. (gold; anything made of gold, gold plate, coin, a cup, ring, etc.; the, golden age). Aurunca -ae, f. (a town in Campania). auscultator -oris, m. (a listener). ausculto -are, (to hear attentively, listen to); sometimes also (to obey); of servants, (to, attend, wait). ausim, as subjunctive of audeo; q.v. Ausonia -ae, f. (Ausonia, Lower Italy), and in gen., (Italy); adj. Ausonius -a -um. auspex -icis, c. (one who watches birds and divines from them); esp. (an official witness of, marriage contracts); poet., in gen., (a leader). auspicium -i, n. (divination by means of birds, the taking of or right to take auspices)., Transf., (any omen or sign); poet. (leadership, guidance). auspico -are, (to take the auspices). Hence partic. auspicatus -a -um, (consecrated by, auguries); as adj., (favorable, auspicious). Abl. abs. auspicato, (after, taking auspices); hence (in a fortunate hour). auspicor -ari, dep. (to take the auspices); hence (to begin favorably). auster -stri, m. (the south wind); meton., (the south). austeritas -atis, f. (harshness, strictness, severity). austerus -a -um, (sour, harsh, strict, severe, gloomy). Adv. austere. australis -e, (southern). austrinus -a -um, (southern). ausum -i, n. (a daring deed, undertaking). aut, (or, or else); repeated, aut....aut...., (either....or). autem, (but, on the other hand, however, moreover, now). authepsa -ae, f. (a cooking stove). Automedon -ontis, m. (charioteer of Achilles). autumnalis -e, (autumnal). autumnus (1) -i, m. (autumn). autumnus (2) -a -um, adj. (autumnal). autumo -are, (to say, assert). auxiliaris -e, (giving help, assisting); m. pl. as subst., (auxiliary or allied troops). auxiliarius -a -um, (helping); 'milites', (auxiliary troops). auxiliator -oris, m. (a helper). auxiliatus -us, m. (help, assistance). auxilior -ari, dep. (to help, assist, support). auxilium -i, n. (help, aid, assistance); milit., often plur., (auxiliary troops), or in, gen., (military power). avaritia -ae, f. (avarice, covetousness). avarus -a -um, (covetous, greedy); adv. avare and avariter. aveho -vehere -vexi -vectum, (to carry off, bear away); pass., (to ride or sail off). avello -vellere -vulsi (-volsi) -vulsum (-volsum), (to tear away, pluck away) (esp. with violence). avena -ae, f. (oats or wild oats); hence (oaten pipe, shepherd's pipe); in gen., (any, stalk, straw). Aventinum -i, n. and Aventinus -i, m. (the Aventine, one of the seven hills of Rome). aveo (1) -ere, (to long for, desire). aveo (2) (haveo) -ere, (to be well); found only in imperat. and infin.; 'ave', (hail! or farewell!). Avernus -i, m. (a lake near Puteoli, said to be an entrance to the infernal regions);, meton., (the infernal regions); adj. Avernus -a - um, Avernalis -e. averrunco -are, (to turn away, avert). aversabilis -e, (from which one must turn away, horrible). aversor (1) -ari, dep. (to turn away (in shame, disgust, etc.)); with acc., (to turn away from, avoid, shun). aversor (2) -oris, m. (an embezzler). averto (avorto) -vertere -verti (-vorti) -versum (-vorsum), (to turn away, remove): 'flumina', (to divert); of feelings, (to estrange); of, property, (to carry off, appropriate, embezzle); poet., intransit., (to, retire). Hence partic. aversus -a -um, (turned away, backward, behind); of, feeling, (disinclined, unfavorable, hostile). avia -ae, f. (a grandmother). aviarium -i, n. (an aviary); also (the haunts of wild birds). aviditas -atis, f. (desire, longing); esp. (desire for money, avarice). avidus -a -um, (desiring, longing for); esp.(greedy for money, avaricious); adv. avide. avis -is, f. (a bird); often (a bird of omen), and in gen., (an omen). avitus -a -um, (of a grandfather, ancestral). avius -a -um: of places, (out of the way, untrodden); of persons, (wandering, astray, lost). avocatio -onis, f. (a calling away, diversion). avoco -are, (to call away, or off, to withdraw, remove, divert). avolo -are, (to fly away, hasten away). avunculus -i, m. (a mother's brother, uncle). avus -i, m. (a grandfather); poet., in gen., (an ancestor). axis (or assis) -is, m. (an axle). Hence (1) (a wheel); meton., (a chariot, wagon). (2) (the axis, of the earth); meton. (the north pole or the heavens); 'sub axe', (in the open, air). (3) (a board, plank). babae or papae, interj. (wonderful!). Babylon -onis, f. (a city on the Euphrates); Babylonia -ae, f. (Babylonia, between the, Euphrates and the Tigris); adj. Babylonicus and Babylonius -a -um. baca (bacca) -ae, f. (a berry, fruit; a pearl). bacatus -a -um, (set with pearls). baccar (bacchar) -aris, n. and baccaris -is, f. (a plant), perhaps (sowbread). Baccha -ae, f. (a Bacchante, female worshipper of Bacchus). Bacchanal -is, n. (the place where Bacchus was worshipped); plur. Bacchanalia -ium, (the, Greek festival of Dionysus or Bacchus). bacchatio -onis, f. (revelling in Bacchanalian fashion). bacchor -ari, dep. (to celebrate the festival of Bacchus); as passive, of places, (to be, made the scene of Bacchic revels); in gen., (to rage, rave like a Bacchante)., Partic. bacchantes = Bacchae; see Baccha. Bacchus -i, m. (the god of wine); meton., (the vine, or wine, or the Bacchic cry (Io, Bacche)). Adj. Baccheus, Bacchicus, Bacchius -a - um. bacifer -fera -ferum, (bearing berries). bacillum -i, n. (a little staff); esp. (the lictor's staff). baculum -i, n. and baculus -i, m. (a staff, walking stick). Baetis -is, m. (a river in Spain); adj. Baeticus -a -um, (relating to the Baetis); f., subst. Baetica -ae, f. (the Roman province of Baetica on the Baetis). Baiae -arum, f. pl. (a holiday-resort on the coast of Campania); adj. Baianus -a -um. baiulo -are, (to carry a burden). baiulus -i, m. (a porter). balaena -ae, f. (a whale). balanus -i, f. rarely m. (an acorn, chestnut or date). balatro -onis, m. (buffoon, jester). balatus -us, m. (the bleating of sheep or goats). balbus -a -um, (stammering); adv. balbe. balbutio -ire, (to stammer, stutter); hence in gen.(to speak obscurely). Baliares (Baleares) -ium, f. pl. (the Balearic Islands); adj. Baliaris -e, Baliaricus -a -um. balineum or balneum -i, n. esp. in pl.; also heteroclite pl. balineae or balneae -arum; (a bath, bathing place). ballista -ae, f. (a military engine for throwing large stones). balneae, see balineum. balnearius -a -um, (belonging to the bath); n. pl. as subst. (baths, bathing rooms). balneator -oris, m. (the keeper of a bath). balneolum -i, n. (a little bathroom). balneum, = balineum; q.v. balo -are, (to bleat). balsamum -i, n. (the balsam tree, or its gum). balteus -i, m. and balteum -i, n. (a girdle). barathrum -i, n. (a pit, abyss; esp. of the lower world). barba -ae, f. (beard); 'promittere barbam', (to let the beard grow). barbaria -ae, f. (a foreign country), as opposed to Greece and Rome; (want of culture, rudeness, savagery). barbaricus -a -um, (foreign), i.e., not Greek or Roman. barbaries -ei, f. (a foreign country), as opposed to Greece and Rome; (want of culture, rudeness, savagery). barbarus -a -um, (foreign, strange; uncultivated, rough, savage); as subst., (a foreigner)., Adv. barbare, (like a foreigner; roughly, barbarously). barbatulus -a -um, (with a slight beard). barbatus -a -um, (bearded). barbiger -gera -gerum, (wearing a beard). barbitos, m. and f. (a lyre). barbula -ae, f. (a little beard). bardocucullus -i, m. (a Gallic overcoat). bardus -a -um, (stupid, slow, dull). baris -idos, f. (an Egyptian barge). baritus (barritus) -us, m. (a German war-cry). baro -onis, m. (a blockhead, simpleton). barrus -i, m. (elephant). bascauda -ae, f. (a basket). basiatio -onis, f. (kissing, a kiss). basiator -oris, m. (a kisser). basilicus -a -um, (royal, kingly, princely). M. as subst., (the best cast of the dice); n. as, subst., (a royal robe); f. as subst., basilica -ae, (a basilica, a building, with double colonnades, where merchants met and courts were held). Adv., basilice, (royally). basio -are, (to kiss). basis -is and -eos, f. (a pedestal, base); 'villae', (foundation-wall); 'trianguli', (base). basium -i, n. (a kiss). Bassareus -ei, m. (a name of Bacchus). batillum (or vatillum) -i, n. (a chafing-dish or shovel). battuo (batuo) -are, (to beat, knock). baubor -ari, dep. (to bark gently). beatitas -atis, f. (happiness, blessedness). beatitudo -inis, f. (happiness, blessedness). beatus -a -um, partic. from beo; q. v. Belgae -arum, m. pl. (the Belgae, a warlike people in the north of Gaul). bellaria -orum, n. pl. (dessert). bellator -oris, m. (a warrior); as adj. (warlike, courageous). bellatorius -a -um, (warlike). bellatrix -icus, f. (a warrior); as adj. (warlike, courageous). bellicosus -a -um, (warlike). bellicus -a -um, (of war, warlike). N. as subst. bellicum -i, (the signal for march or, attack). belliger -gera -gerum, (waging war, warlike). belligero -are, (to wage war). bellipotens -entis, (mighty in war). bello -are and bellor -ari, dep. (to wage war, fight). Bellona -ae, f. (the goddess of war). bellua, = belua; q.v. bellulus -a -um, (pretty, elegant). bellum -i, n. (old form, duellum), (war, fighting); 'in bello', or loc., 'belli', (in, time of war). bellus -a -um, colloq., (pretty, handsome); adv. belle. belua -ae, f. (a beast, large animal); as a term of reproach, (monster, brute, beast). beluosus -a -um, (full of monsters). Belus -i, m. (a king, founder of Babylon). Hence f. pl. subst., Belides -um, (the, granddaughters of Belus, the Danaides). bene, adv.; comp. melius; superl. optime; (well, rightly, properly); 'bene rem gerere', (to succeed); with adj. or adv., (thoroughly, very); as an exclamation, (good, excellent); 'bene facis', (I am obliged to you); 'bene facta' (or benefacta), (good deeds, benefits). beneficentia -ae, f. (kindness). beneficiarius -a -um, (of a favor); m. pl. as subst., (privileged soldiers). beneficium -i, n. (a kindness, favor, service); in political life, (favor, distinction, promotion; also privilege, exemption). beneficus -a -um, comp. -entior, superl. -entissimus, (kind, generous, obliging). Beneventum -i, n. (a town in Samnium). benevolens -entis, (well-wishing, obliging). benevolentia -ae, f. (goodwill, kindness). benevolus -a -um, (kind, obliging, well-disposed); adv. benevole. benignitas -atis, f. (kindness, generosity). benignus -a -um, (kind, friendly, generous); of things, (abundant, fruitful). Adv. benigne, (kindly, generously); colloq., 'benigne dicis', (much obliged) (accepting or, refusing an offer). beo -are, (to bless, enrich, make happy). Hence partic. beatus -a -um, (happy, blessed, prosperous; well off); n. as subst. (happiness). Adv. beate, (happily). beryllus -i, c. (a beryl). bes bessis, m. (two-thirds). bestia -ae, f. (an animal without reason, a brute, beast). bestiarius -a -um, (belonging to animals); m. as subst., (one who fought with wild beasts at the, public shows). bestiola -ae, f. (a small animal). beta (1) -ae, f. (a vegetable, beet). beta (2), n. indecl. (beta, the second letter of the Greek alphabet). bibliopola -ae, m. (a book-seller). bibliotheca -ae, and bibliothece -es, f. (a collection of books, library). bibo bibere bibi bibitum, (to drink, drink in). Bibracte -is, n. (a town in Gaul). bibulus -a -um, (fond of drinking, thirsty); 'charta', (blotting paper). biceps -cipitis, (two-headed). bicolor -oris, (of two colors). bicorniger -geri, m. (two-horned). bicornis -e, (two-horned, two-pronged); 'luna', (the new moon); 'Rhenus', (with two, mouths). bicorpor -oris, (having two bodies). bidens -entis, (having two teeth). As subst.: m., (a hoe with two crooked teeth); f., (a, sheep). bidental -alis, n. (a sacred enclosure). biduum -i, n. (a space of two days); abl., biduo, (in the course of two days). biennium -i, n. (a space of two years). bifariam, (in two parts). bifer -fera -ferum, of a tree, (bearing fruit twice a year). bifidus -a -um, (split into two parts). biforis -e, (having two doors or openings). biformatus -a -um, (of double form). biformis -e, (of double form). bifrons -frontis, (with double forehead or countenance). bifurcus -a -um, (having two prongs or forks). bigae -arum, f. pl. (and sing. biga -ae) (a pair of horses), or (a chariot drawn by a, pair). bigatus -a -um, (stamped with the effigy of a pair of horses); m. as subst., (a silver coin so, marked). biiugis -e and biiugus -a -um, (yoked two together); m. pl. as subst., (a pair of horses or a chariot drawn, by a pair). bilibra -ae, f. (two pounds weight). bilibris -e, (weighing or containing two pounds). bilinguis -e, (having two tongues, or speaking two languages); hence (double-tongued, treacherous). bilis -is, f. (gall, bile, anger, displeasure); 'atra (or nigra) bilis', (black bile), i.e. (melancholy, madness). bilix -icis, (having a double thread). bilustris -e, (lasting ten years). bimaris -e, (lying on two seas). bimaritus -i, m. (the husband of two wives). bimatris -e, (having two mothers). bimembris -e, (having two kinds of limbs); m. pl. as subst., (Centaurs). bimestris -e, (lasting two months); 'porcus', (a pig two months old). bimulus -a -um, (two years old). bimus -a -um, (two years old or lasting two years). bini -ae -a, (twofold). Hence (two apiece), sometimes simply (two); of things that match, (a pair); 'findi in bina', (to be cleft in twain); 'bis bina', (twice two). binoctium -i, n. (a space of two nights). binominis -e, (having two names). bipalmis -e, (two palms or spans long or broad). bipartitus or bipertitus -a -um, (divided in two); abl. as adv., bipartito or bipertito, (in two parts, in two, ways). bipatens -entis, (doubly open, open in two directions). bipedalis -e, (two feet long, broad, thick or high). bipennifer -fera -ferum, (armed with a two-edged axe). bipennis -e, (having two wings or edges); f. as subst., (a double-edged axe). bipes -edis, (having two feet); as subst. (biped). biremis -e, (two-oared); f. as subst., (a boat with two oars or a ship with two banks of, oars). bis, (twice, two times). Bistones -um, m. (a Thracian people); adj. Bistonius -a -um, (Bistonian or Thracian). bisulcus -a -um, (split into two parts, forked). Bithynia -ae, f. (a country in northwest Asia Minor).{2} bito -ere, (to go). bitumen -inis, n. (asphalt, bitumen). bitumineus -a -um, (bituminous). bivius -a -um, (having two ways or passages); n. as subst. bivium, (a place where two roads, meet). blaesus -a -um, (lisping, indistinct). blandimentum -i, n. (flattery, allurement). blandior -iri, dep. (to flatter, caress, coax), with dat. Hence partic. blanditus -a -um, (charming). blanditia -ae, f. (flattery, allurement, attraction, charm). blandus -a -um, (flattering, caressing, alluring, tempting). Adv. blande and blanditer, (flatteringly). blatero -are, (to chatter, babble). blatta -ae, f. (a cockroach). boarius and bovarius -a -um, (relating to cattle). Boeoti -orum or -um, and Boeotii, m. pl. (the inhabitants of Boeotia, a district in Greece to the, west of Attica). Boii -orum, m. pl. (a Celtic people of north Italy, Germany and Gaul). boletus -i, m. (a mushroom). bolus -i, m. (a throw); hence (the haul or catch) of a fishing net. bombus -i, m. (a boom, deep hollow noise). bombycinus -a -um, (silken). bombyx -ycis, m. and f. (the silkworm, or silk). bonitas -atis, f. (goodness, excellence); esp. (moral goodness, kindness, integrity). bonus -a -um, compar. melior -ius; superl. optimus -a -um; (good); in gen., (good of its, kind); 'nummi boni', (genuine coin); 'bona aetas',(youth); 'bona verba', (words of good omen); 'bona pars', (a good (considerable) proportion); in a, particular respect of tools, workmen, etc. (useful, efficient); morally, (good, virtuous, honest, kind); polit., (patriotic, loyal). N. as subst. bonum, -i, (good); in gen., (profit, advantage); 'bonum publicum', (the common weal);, 'cui bono fuisset', (for whose advantage); materially, usually pl., (goods, property); morally, (the good); 'summum bonum', (the supreme good). boo -are, (to shout, roar, echo). Bootes -ae, m. (a constellation in the northern hemisphere). Boreas -ae, m. (the north wind); meton., (the north). Adj. Boreus -a -um, (northern). bos bovis, c. (1) (ox, bullock, cow); 'bos Lucas', (elephant). (2) (a kind of flat, fish). Bosporus (Bosphorus) -i, m. (name of various straits, esp. those between Thrace and Asia Minor). botulus -i, m. (a sausage). bovile, = bubile; q.v. Bovillae -arum, f. pl. (a town in Latium). bovillus -a -um, (relating to oxen). brabeuta -ae, m. (a judge, umpire). bracae (braccae) -arum, f. pl. (breeches, trousers). bracatus (braccatus) -a -um, (wearing breeches); 'Gallia Bracata', (Gaul on the north side of the Alps). bracchium -i, n. (the forearm, arm from elbow to wrist; any limb of a living creature; any, other thing like an arm, e.g. branch, spur, yard, outwork of a fortification, mole). bractea (brattea) -ae, f. (a thin plate of metal; gold leaf). brassica -ae, f. (cabbage). breviarium -i, n. (a summary, epitome). breviloquens -entis, (brief in speech). breviloquentia -ae, f. (brevity of speech). brevis -e, (short), in space or time; of water, (shallow); of living things, conditions, etc., (short-lived); of style, (concise); n. abl. brevi, (shortly, soon, briefly); n. pl. as subst. brevia -ium, (shallows, shoals). Adv. breviter, (shortly, briefly). brevitas -atis, f. (shortness), in space or time; of style, (brevity, conciseness). Briareus -ei, m. (a giant with a hundred arms). Britanni -orum, m. pl. (the Britons); Britannia -ae, f. (Britain); adj. Britannicus -a -um, (British); m. sing. as (a title commemorating success in Britain). Bromius -i, m. (a surname of Bacchus). bruma -ae, f. (the winter solstice); in gen., (winter, wintry cold). brumalis -e, (relating to the shortest day); in gen., (wintry). Brundisium -i, n. (a seaport in Calabria); adj. Brundisinus -a -um. Brutti (Brutii, Brittii) -orum, m. (the inhabitants of the southern extremity of Italy). brutus -a -um, (heavy, immoveable; dull, without feeling or reason). Brutus -i, m. (a cognomen of the Roman gens Iunia). bubile -is, n. (an ox-stall). bubo -onis, m. (the owl). bubulcus -i, m. (one who plows with oxen). bubulus -a -um, (related to cows or oxen); f. as subst. (sc. caro), (beef). bucca -ae, f. (the cheek), esp. when puffed out. Transf., (a declaimer, bawler; a, parasite; a mouthful). buccina, buccinator, etc.; v. bucina, etc. buccula -ae, f. (a small cheek); of a helmet, (beaver, visor). bucerus and bucerius -a -um, (having ox's horns). bucina -ae, f. (a crooked trumpet or horn). bucinator -oris, m. (a trumpeter). bucolica -orum, n. pl. (pastoral poems). bucula -ae, f. (a heifer). bufo -onis, m. (a toad). bulbus -i, m. (an onion). buleuterion -i, n. (the place of meeting of a Greek council). bulla -ae, f. (a round swelling); in water, (a bubble); on furniture or equipment, (a, boss, stud); 'bulla aurea', (a golden ornament, an amulet). bullatus -a -um, (1) (inflated, bombastic), or perhaps, (transitory). (2) (wearing the bulla), (q.v.). bumastus -i, f. (a kind of vine). buris -is, m. (the crooked hinder part of the plow). bustuarius -a -um, (belonging to the place where corpses were burned). bustum -i, n. (the place where corpses were burned and buried); hence (grave, sepulchre). buxifer -fera -ferum, (producing the box tree). buxus -i, f. and buxum -i, n. (the evergreen box tree; box wood; an article made of box, wood). Byzantium -i, n. (Byzantium, a Greek city on the Bosporus). caballus -i, m. (pack-horse, nag, hack). cachinnatio -onis, f. (violent laughter). cachinno (1) -are, (to laugh aloud). cachinno (2) -onis, m. (jester, scoffer). cachinnus -i, m. (loud laughter). cacoethes -is, n. (an obstinate disease). cacumen -inis, n. (the extreme point, top, tip, zenith). cacumino -are, (to point, make pointed). cadaver -eris, n. (dead body, carcass). cadaverosus -a -um, (corpse-like). Cadmus -i, m. (the founder of Thebes); adj. Cadmeus -a -um, (Theban). cado cadere cecidi, (to fall, sink, drop); 'vela cadunt', (are furled); 'iuxta solem cadentem', (in the west); of living beings, often (to fall in death, die); hence (to be, destroyed, to subside, sink, flag, fail); 'cadere animis', (to lose heart);, with in or sub, (to come under, be subject to); with in, (to agree with, be, consistent with); of events, (to fall out, happen); of payments, (to fall, due). caduceator -oris, m. (herald). caduceus -i, m. and caduceum -i, n. (a herald's staff). caducifer -fera -ferum, (bearing the staff) (of Mercury). caducus -a -um, (1) (falling or fallen). (2) (inclined or ready to fall); esp. (destined to, die, devoted to death); in gen., (transitory, frail, perishable). cadus -i, m. (jar or urn). caecigenus -a -um, (born blind). Caecilius -a -um, (name of a plebeian gens). caecitas -atis, f. (blindness). caeco -are, (to make blind or dark). Caecubum -i, n. and Caecubus ager, (a marshy district in Latium, famous for its wine);, '(vinum) Caecubum', (Caecuban wine). caecus -a -um, act., (blind, not seeing; intellectually or morally blind; uncertain, objectless); pass., (unseen, hidden, obscure, dark). caedes -is, f. (cutting down, killing, slaughter). Transf., (persons slain; blood shed in, slaughter). caedo caedere cecidi caesum, (1) (to cut). (2) (to beat, knock about). (3) (to kill, slay). caelamen -inis, n. (bas-relief). caelator -oris, m. (chaser, engraver, carver). caelatura -ae, f. (the art of chasing or engraving; an engraving). caelebs -libis, (unmarried, single) (of men); of trees, (to which no vine is trained). caeles -itis, (heavenly); as subst., (a dweller in heaven, god). caelestis -e, (belonging to heaven, coming from heaven); n. pl. as subst. (things in heaven, heavenly bodies). Transf., (belonging to the gods, celestial, divine, superhuman); as subst., esp. plur., (the gods). caelicola -ae, adj. (dwelling in heaven); as subst. (a god). caelifer -fera -ferum, (bearing the heavens). Caelius -a -um, (name of a Roman plebeian gens); 'Caelius mons', (a hill in Rome). caelo -are, (to engrave or chase, to carve in bas-relief, to fashion). caelum (1) -i, n. (the burin or engraving tool). caelum (2) -i, n. (the heavens, sky, air, climate). Esp. (heaven) as the home of the gods;, fig., (heaven) as the height of joy, renown, etc. caementum -i, n. (rough stone from the quarry). caenosus -a -um, (muddy). caenum -i, n. (mud, dirt, filth). caepa (cepa) -ae, f. and caepe (cepe) -is, n. (onion). Caere, n. (a very old city of Etruria); adj. Caeres -itis and -etis. caerimonia -ae, f. (holiness, sanctity; holy awe, reverence; religious usage, sacred, ceremony). caeruleus (poet. also caerulus) -a -um, (blue, dark blue) esp. of the sea or sky. Caesar -aris, m. (a Roman family name of the gens Iulia); esp. of C. Iulius Caesar, the, general and dictator, and later of all emperors. caesaries -ei, f. (hair, a head of hair). caesim, (with cutting); fig. of style, (in short sentences). caesius -a -um, (bluish gray) (esp. of eyes). caespes (cespes) -itis, m. (a turf, sod). Transf. (a hut or altar of turf). caestus -us, m. (gauntlet for boxers). caetra (cetra) -ae, f. (short Spanish shield). caetratus -a -um, (armed with the 'caetra'). Caius, = Gaius; q.v. Calabria -ae, f. (the peninsula at the southeast extremity of Italy); adj. and subst., Calaber -bra -brum, (Calabrian, a Calabrian). calamister -tri, m. and calamistrum -tri, n. (a curling-iron for the hair). Transf., (excessive, ornament or flourish in style). calamistratus -a -um, (curled with the curling-iron). calamitas -atis, f. (loss, failure, misfortune, damage, a reverse). calamitosus -a -um, act., (causing loss, destructive); pass., (suffering loss, miserable). Adv., calamitose, (disastrously). calamus -i, m. (reed); hence (anything made of reed, e.g. a pen, a reed pipe, an arrow). calathiscus -i, m. (a small wicker basket). calathus -i, m. (a wicker basket); and of other containers, e.g. (a milk-pail, wine-bowl). calator -oris, m. (attendant). calcar -aris, n. (spur). calceamentum -i, n. (covering for the foot). calceo -are, (to shoe, provide with shoes). calceus -i, m. (shoe). calcitro -are, (to kick; to resist obstinately). calco -are, (to tread, trample on). calculus -i, m. (a little stone, pebble). Esp. (a piece used in the Roman game of draughts;, a voting pebble; a counter for reckoning); hence (a calculation). caldus, = calidus; q.v. Caledonia -ae, f. (the highlands of Scotland); adj. Caledonius -a -um. calefacio (calfacio) -facere -feci -factum, pass. calefio, etc., (to make warm, heat; to disturb, excite). calefacto -are, (to make warm, heat). Calendae, = Kalendae; q.v. caleo -ere -ui, (to be warm, to glow); of feeling, etc. (to be inflamed, aroused, excited). calesco -ere, (to become warm, grow hot). calidus (caldus) -a -um, (warm, hot; fiery, passionate). F. sing. as subst., calida (calda) -ae, (warm, water); n. sing. calidum -i, (warm wine and water). caliendrum -i, n. (a lady's wig). caliga -ae, f. (a stout shoe or boot) (esp. a soldier's). caligatus -a -um, (wearing heavy boots); m. as subst., (a private soldier). caliginosus -a -um, (foggy, misty, dark). caligo (1) -inis, f. (fog, mist, darkness). Transf., (mental darkness, dullness; calamity, affliction, gloom). caligo (2) -are, transit., (to spread a dark mist around, to make dizzy); intransit., (to be, dark, misty). Caligula -ae, m. (a little soldier's shoe; nickname given by the soldiers to the emperor, Gaius). calix -icis, m. (a drinking or cooking vessel). calleo -ere, (to be thick-skinned). Transf.: intransit., (to be practiced, experienced);, transit., (to know by experience, understand). calliditas -atis, f. (expertness, cleverness). callidus -a -um, (experienced, clever, dexterous, skillful); in bad sense, (cunning, subtle, sly). Adv. callide. Calliope -es and Calliopea -ae, f. (Calliope, the Muse of epic poetry). callis -is, m. or f. (narrow track, footpath, cattle track). callosus -a -um, (hard-skinned, solid). callum -i, n. (hard skin or flesh; toughness, insensibility). calo (1) -are, (to call, summon). calo (2) -onis, m. (a soldier's servant); in gen., (a drudge). calor -oris, m. (warmth, heat, glow; passion, excitement). Calpurnius -a -um, (name of a Roman plebeian gens). caltha -ae, f. (a plant, prob. marigold). calumnia -ae, f. (trick, artifice, chicanery, craft); at law, (a false accusation, or an, action for false accusation). calumniator -oris, m. (a false accuser, pettifogger). calumnior -ari, dep. (to accuse falsely, misrepresent); in gen., (to practice trickery). calva -ae, f. (the bald scalp of the head). calvities -ei, f. (baldness). calvitium -i, n. (baldness). calvus -a -um, (bald, without hair). calx (1) -cis, f. (the heel). calx (2) -cis, f. rarely m. (a stone, pebble); collectively,(lime, chalk); meton., (a goal, (marked with chalk), an end). Calypso -us, f. (a nymph who entertained Ulysses). camella -ae, f. (a goblet). camelus -i, m. and f. (a camel or dromedary). Camena -ae, f. usually pl., (Latin goddesses of poetry), identified with the Greek Muses. camera (camara) -ae, f. (a vaulted chamber, vault; a flat covered boat). Camillus -i, m. (cognomen of several members of the gens Furia). caminus -i, m. (a forge, fireplace, fire). cammarus -i, m. (a crustacean, perhaps crayfish). Campania -ae, f. (a district of Central Italy). campester -tris -tre, in gen., (on level ground, flat); esp. (relating to the Campus Martius and its, exercises and elections). M. sing. as subst., (a loin-cloth worn by, wrestlers); n. pl. as subst., (a plain). campus -i, m. (a level space, plain, field); esp. of (the Campus Martius at Rome, as a, place for various exercises, and for meetings of the comitia). Transf., (any, free space, field, or theater of action; any level surface); poet., (the, sea). Camulodunum -i, n. (a town in Britain) (now Colchester). camur -a -um, (hooked, curved). canalis -is, m. (waterpipe, channel, canal). cancelli -orum, m. pl. (lattice, railing, grating). Transf., (bounds, limits). cancer -cri, m. (crab; a sign of the Zodiac); meton., (the south, or summer heat; the, disease cancer). candela -ae, f., (a wax or tallow candle, taper; a cord coated with wax). candelabrum -i, n. (a candle-stick). candeo -ere -ui, (to shine white, glitter or glow with heat). candesco -ere -ui, (to begin to shine or glow). candidatorius -a -um, (relating to a candidate). candidatus -a -um, (clothed in white); as subst. (a candidate for office). candidulus -a -um, (shining, dazzling). candidus -a -um, (shining white); of persons, with the suggestion of beauty, (fair). Transf., of time or fortune, (happy); of writing, (clear, lucid); of character, (honest, straightforward); of dress, (clothed in white); 'sententia candida', (a vote for acquittal). N. as subst. candidum -i, (white color). Adv. candide, (in white; clearly, candidly). candor -oris, m. (shining whiteness, luster); of character, (sincerity, candor); of writing, (clarity, simplicity). caneo -ere -ui, (to be white or hoary). canesco -ere, (to become white or hoary); hence (to become old). canicula -ae, f. (little bitch) sometimes a term of abuse. Transf., (Dog-star, Sirius; the, worst throw at dice). caninus -a -um, (of a dog, canine). Transf. (snarling, spiteful);'littera', (the letter R). canis -is, f. (dog, hound); of persons, as a term of abuse; in dice, (the worst throw). canistra -orum, n. pl. (baskets). canities -ei, f. (whitish-gray color), esp. of the hair; meton., (gray hair, old age). canna -ae, f. (reed). Transf., (a reed pipe; a small boat). cannabis -is, f. and cannabum -i, n. (hemp). Cannae -arum, f. pl. (town in Apulia, where Hannibal defeated the Romans (216 B.C.)). Adj., Cannensis -e. cano canere cecini cantum, (to sing or play). Intransit. (to sing); of cocks, (to crow); of frogs, (to, croak); also (with abl.), (to play on an instrument); 'canere receptui', (to, sound the signal for retreat); of instruments, (to sound). Transit.: (1) (to, sing with the voice).(2) (to sing of, celebrate in song). (3) (to sound or, play an instrument). (4) (to prophesy). canor -oris, m. (melody, song, sound). canorus -a -um, (melodious, harmonious, sweet-sounding); n. as subst., (harmonious sound). Cantabria -ae, f. (a region in northwest Spain). cantamen -inis, n. (incantation). cantharis -idis, f. (a beetle); esp. (the Spanish fly). cantharus -i, m. (a tankard; a sea-fish, the black bream). cantherius -i, m. (a gelding, nag). canthus -i, m. (the tire of a wheel). canticum -i, n. (a scene in Roman comedy, accompanied by music and dancing; a song;, sing-song delivery in an orator). cantilena -ae, f. (an old song, twaddle, chatter). cantio -onis, f. (a song; an incantation, enchantment). cantito -are, (to sing or play often). Cantium -i, n. (a district in Britain) (now Kent). cantiuncula -ae, f. (a flattering song). canto -are -avi -atum, (to sing or play). Intransit., of persons,(to sing); of cocks, (to crow); also, (to play on an instrument); of instruments, (to sound). Transit. (1) (to, sing). (2) (to sing of, celebrate, continually mention). (3) (to predict). cantor -oris, m. (a singer, poet, musician; an actor). cantus -us, m. (song, melody, music, poetry; prophecy; incantation). canus -a -um, (whitish-gray); hence (aged); m. pl. as subst.,(gray hair). capacitas -atis, f. (breadth, capacity). capax -acis, (able to hold, broad, wide, roomy). Transf., (receptive, able to grasp, capable, fit for). capedo -inis, f. (a bowl used in sacrifices). capella -ae, f. (a she-goat; a star in the constellation Auriga). Capena -ae, f. (a town in Etruria;): adj. Capenus -a -um; 'porta Capena', (a gate in Rome, at the beginning of the Via Appia). caper -pri, m. (he-goat). capesso -ere -ivi and -ii -itum, (to seize, grasp eagerly): of places, (to strive to reach, to make for); of, business, etc., (to take up, undertake); 'rempublicam', (to enter public, life). capillatus -a -um, (hairy, having hair). capillus -i, m. (a hair); usually pl., or collect. sing., (the hair of the head or beard). capio capere cepi captum, (to take). (1) in gen., (to take, seize); of places, (to choose, reach, or, take possession of); of business, opportunities, etc. (to take up, take in, hand, adopt); of persons, (to choose). (2) (to catch, take in a violent or, hostile manner); hence (to attack, injure); pass. capi, (to be injured or, diseased); 'oculis et auribus captus', (blind and deaf); also (to charm, captivate, take in); at law, (to convict). (3) (to receive), esp. of money; in, gen., (to suffer, undergo, take on). (4) (to take in, hold, contain, keep in);, mentally, (to grasp, comprehend). capis -idis, f. (a one-handled vessel). capistro -are, (to fasten with a halter). capistrum -i, n. (a halter). capitalis -e, (relating to the head, or to life). Transf., (deadly, mortal; first, chief, distinguished). N. as subst. capital and capitale, (a capital crime). capito -onis, m. (a man with a large head). Capitolium -i, n. (the temple of Jupiter at Rome, the Capitol); adj. Capitolinus -a -um; m., pl. as subst., (superintendents of games in honor of Jupiter Capitolinus). capitulum -i, n. (a little head). Cappadocia -ae, f. (a district in Asia Minor). capra -ae, f. (a she-goat); also (a star in the constellation Auriga). caprea -ae, f. (a roe). Capreae -arum, f. pl. (a small island off the Campanian coast) (now Capri). capreolus -i, m. (a roebuck); in plur., (props, supports). capricornus -i, m. (Capricorn, a sign of the Zodiac). caprificus -i, f. (the wild fig tree, and its fruit). caprigenus -a -um, (born of goats). caprimulgus -i, m. (goat-milker — i.e. a countryman). caprinus -a -um, (relating to a goat). capripes -pedis, (goat-footed). capsa -ae, f. (a box or case, esp. for books). capsarius -i, m. (a slave who carried his young master's satchel). capsula -ae, f. (a little chest). captatio -onis, f. (an eager seizing); 'verborum', (quibbling). captator -oris, m. (one who eagerly seizes); esp. (a legacy-hunter). captio -onis, f. (1) (a cheat, deception). (2) (harm, loss). (3) (a fallacy, sophism). captiosus -a -um, (deceitful; captious); n. pl. as subst. (sophistries). Adv. captiose. captiuncula -ae, f. (fallacy, quibble). captivitas -atis, f. (captivity, capture); collectively, (a number of captives). captivus -a -um, (captured, taken) esp. in war. Transf., (of a prisoner). M. and f. as subst., (a prisoner, captive). capto -are, (to seize, catch at); in gen., (to strive after, desire, seek). captus -us, m. (catching, taking); hence (power or manner of comprehension, idea). Capua -ae, f. (chief town of Campania). capulus -i, m. (1) (a coffin). (2) (a handle);esp. (the hilt of a sword). caput -itis, n. (the head); meton., (a living individual), esp. of human beings, (a, person); also (a person's life, existence); esp., in Rome, (a man's political, and social rights). Transf., of lifeless things, (the top, summit, extremity);, of rivers, etc., (the source); of persons and things, (the head, leader, chief, headquarters, chief point); of places, (the capital). carbaseus -a -um, (made of canvas). carbasus -i, f.: heteroclite pl. carbasa -orum, n.; (flax); meton., (anything made of flax, e.g. garments, curtains, sails). carbo -onis, m. (burning or burnt wood). carbonarius -i, m. (a charcoal burner). carcer -eris, m. (prison, cell); in plur., carceres, (the starting-place of a race-course). carchesium -i, n. (a goblet with handles). Transf., (the top of a mast, scuttle). cardiacus -a -um, (pertaining to the stomach); m. as subst., (one who suffers from a disease of, the stomach). cardo -inis, m. (a hinge; any pole or pivot): 'cardo duplex', (the ends of the earth's, axis; a cardinal point, main consideration). carduus -i, m. (a thistle). carectum -i, n. (a sedgy spot). careo -ere -ui, (to be without) (with abl.); of a place, (to absent oneself from). carex -icis, f. (rush, sedge). caries, acc. -em, abl. -e, f. (rottenness, decay). carina -ae, f. (the keel of a ship); meton., (a ship, vessel). cariosus -a -um, (rotten, decayed). caris -idis, f. (a kind of crab). caritas -atis, f. (dearness, high price); esp. (high cost of living). Transf., (affection, love, esteem). carmen -inis, n. (a song, tune), vocal or instrumental; (a poem, poetry, verse; a, prediction; an incantation; a religious or legal formula). Carmentis -is, and Carmenta -ae, f. (a prophetess, mother of Evander); adj. Carmentalis -e. carnifex -ficis, m. (an executioner, hangman). carnificina -ae, f. (the work of a hangman; execution, torture). carnifico -are, (to behead, or mangle). caro (1) -ere, (to card). caro (2) carnis, f. (flesh). carpentum -i, n. (a two-wheeled carriage). carpo carpere carpsi carptum, (to pluck, pull off, select, choose out); and so (to enjoy); of animals, (to, graze). Transf., (to proceed on) a journey; (to pass over) a place; (to carp, at, slander) a person; (to weaken, annoy, harass) an enemy; (to break up, separate, divide) forces. carptim, pieces, in small parts; in different places; at different times). carptor -oris, m. (one who carves food). carruca -ae, f. (a four-wheeled carriage). carrus -us, m. (a four-wheeled baggage-wagon). Carthago (Karthago) -inis, f. (1) (the city of Carthage in N. Africa). (2) (Carthago (Nova), a colony of, the Carthaginians in Spain) (now Cartagena). Adj. Carthaginiensis -e. caruncula -ae, f. (a small piece of flesh). carus -a -um, adj. (high-priced, dear, costly). Transf. (dear, beloved). casa -ae, f. (hut, cottage, cabin). caseolus -i, m. (a little cheese). caseus -i, m. (cheese). casia -ae, f. (1) (a tree with an aromatic bark, like cinnamon). (2) (the sweet-smelling, mezereon). Cassandra -ae, f. (a prophetess, daughter of Priam). casses -ium, m. pl. (a net; a trap, snare); also (a spider's web). cassida -ae, f.; = cassis; q.v. Cassiope -es, f. (mother of Andromeda). cassis -idis and cassida -ae, f. (a metal helmet). Cassius -a -um, (the name of a Roman gens); adj. Cassianus -a -um. cassus -a -um, (empty, hollow); with abl., (devoid of). Transf., (worthless, useless, vain);, 'in cassum' or incassum as adv., (in vain). Castalia -ae, f. (a spring on Mount Parnassus, sacred to Apollo and the Muses). castanea -ae, f. (a chestnut or chestnut tree). castellanus -a -um, (relating to a fortress); m. pl. as subst., (the garrison of a fortress). castellatim, (in single fortresses). castellum -i, n. (a castle, fortress, fort; a shelter, refuge). castigatio -onis, f. (punishment, reproof). castigator -oris, m. (one who reproves or corrects). castigo -are, (to reprove, chasten, punish; to check, restrain). Hence partic. castigatus -a, -um, (restrained, orderly, neat). castimonia -ae, f. (purity). castitas -atis, f. (chastity). castor -oris, m. (the beaver). Castor -oris, m. (twin brother of Pollux). Hence, ecastor and mecastor, (By Castor!). castoreum -i, n. (an aromatic excretion obtained from the beaver). castrensis -e, (pertaining to a camp). castro -are, (to castrate, enervate, weaken). castrum -i, n.: sing., (a castle, fort, fortress); plur. castra -orum, (a camp, encampment); 'aestiva', (summer quarters); 'hiberna', (winter quarters)., Transf., (a day's march; martial service; a party, faction). castus -a -um, (clean, pure, chaste); with reference to religion, (pious, religious, holy)., Adv. caste, (purely, piously, religiously). casula -ae, f. (a little hut, cottage). casus -us, m. (a falling, fall). Transf.: (1) (what befalls, an accident, event, occurrence). (2) (occasion, opportunity). (3) (destruction, downfall, collapse); and, in gen., (end). (4) in grammar, (a case). cataphractes -ae, m. (a breastplate of iron scales). cataphractus -a -um, (mail-clad). cataplus -i, m. (the arrival of a ship; a ship that is arriving). catapulta -ae, f. (an engine of war, a catapult). cataracta (catarracta) -ae, f. and cataractes -ae, m. (a waterfall; a sluice or floodgate; a portcullis). catasta -ae, f. (a stage upon which slaves were exposed in the market). cateia -ae, f. (a kind of spear). catella (1) -ae, f. (a little dog, puppy). catella (2) -ae, f. (a little chain). catellus (1) -i, m. (a little dog, puppy). catellus (2) -i, m. (a little chain). catena -ae, f. (a chain, fetter). Transf.,(1) (restraint).(2) (a series). catenatus -a -um, (chained, bound, linked together); 'labores', (continuous). caterva -ae, f. (crowd, troop, flock). catervatim, (in troops, in masses). cathedra -ae, f. (a chair); esp. a soft one for ladies, or one occupied by a professor. Catilina -ae, m. L. Sergius, (a Roman noble, killed at the head of a conspiracy in 62 B.C.)., Hence adj. Catilinarius -a -um. catillus -i, m. (a small dish or plate). catinus -i, m. (a deep dish or bowl). Cato -onis, m. (a cognomen belonging to members of the gens Porcia); adj. Catonianus -a, -um; subst. Catonini -orum. (the party of M. Porcius Cato Uticensis, the, younger Cato). Catonium -i, n. (the lower world) (with a play on the word Cato). Catullus -i, m. C. Valerius (c. 85-55 B.C.), (the Roman lyric and epigrammatic poet). catulus -i, m. (a young animal), esp. (a whelp, puppy). catus -a -um, (sharp, cunning); adv. cate. cauda (coda) -ae, f. (the tail of an animal). caudex, = codex; q.v. Caudium -i, n. (an old city in Samnium, near the pass of the Caudine Forks). Adj. Caudinus, -a -um. caulae -arum, f. pl. (a hole, opening; a sheep-fold). caulis -is, m. (the stalk of a plant); esp. of a cabbage. caupo -onis, m. (a small shopkeeper or inn-keeper). caupona -ae, f. (a tavern, inn). cauponor -ari, dep. (to trade). cauponula -ae, f. (a little inn). Caurus (Corus) -i, m. (the northwest wind). causa (caussa) -ae, f. (a cause), in all senses of the English word. (1) (a reason, motive, pretext). (2) (interest); abl., causa, (on account of, for the sake of), with, genit., mea, etc. (3) (a case at law, law-suit, claim, contention); 'causam, dicere', (to plead). (4) (situation, condition, case). causarius -a -um, (sickly, diseased); m. pl., milit., (men invalided out of the army). causidicus -i, m. (an advocate, barrister) (often used contemptuously). causor -ari, dep. (to give as a reason, or pretext; to plead, pretend). causula -ae, f. (a little cause or case). cautes -is, f. (a rough sharp rock). cautio -onis, f. (caution, care, foresight, precaution); legal, (security, bail, bond). cautor -oris, m. (one who is on his guard, or who gives bail for another). cautus -a -um, partic. from caveo; q.v. cavaedium -i, n. (an inner quadrangle). cavea -ae, f. (a hollow place, cavity). Esp. (an enclosure, den, cage; the seats in a, theater). caveo cavere cavi cautum, (to be on one's guard); with acc. (to be on one's guard against); 'cave, ignoscas', (take care not to forgive); with ut and the subj., (to take care, that); with dat. of person, (to take care for, provide for). Commercial and, legal, (to give security or to get security); also (to provide, order), in a, will, treaty or law. Hence partic. cautus -a -um: of persons, etc., (cautious, wary, careful); of property, (made safe, secured). Adv. caute, cautim, (cautiously or with security). caverna -ae, f. (a hollow place, cavern); 'navis', (the hold); 'caeli', (the vault of, heaven). cavillatio -onis, f. (raillery, jesting, irony). Transf., (a quibbler). cavillor -ari, dep. (to jest, joke, satirize). Transf., (to quibble). cavo -are, (to hollow out, excavate, pierce). cavum -i, n. and cavus -i, m. (a hollow, hole, cavity). cavus -a -um, (hollow, concave). ce, a demonstrative particle joined on to pronouns and adverbs — e.g. hisce. Cecrops -opis, m. (the mythical first king of Athens); adj. Cecropius -a -um, (Cecropian, Athenian). cedo (1) cedere cessi cessum, (to go, proceed): of things, (to turn out, happen; to fall to the lot of) a, person; (to change) into something else; (to go away, withdraw, retire); with, dat., (to give ground to, submit to), hence (to be inferior to); transit., (to, grant, yield). cedo (2) and plur. cette, colloquial imperat., (give, hand over, out with it!). cedrus -i, f. (the cedar); meton. (cedarwood or cedar oil). celator -oris, m. (a concealer). celeber -bris -bre, (filled, crowded); of places, (frequented); of occasions, (well attended); of, sayings, (often repeated); of persons and things, (celebrated, famous, renowned). celebratio -onis, f. (a numerous assembly or attendance). celebrator -oris, m. (one who praises). celebritas -atis, f. (a crowd, multitude, numerous attendance); of a festival, (celebration); in, gen., (fame, renown). celebro -are, (to visit frequently, or in large numbers; to fill; to celebrate, solemnize;, to publish, make known; to sing the praise of, to honor; to practice often, repeat, exercise). Hence partic. celebratus -a -um: of places, (much, frequented): of festivals, (kept solemn, festive); in gen., (famous, celebrated). celer -eris -ere, (swift, quick, rapid); in a bad sense, (hasty, rash). Adv. celere and, celeriter. Celeres -um, m.(early name for Roman nobles, esp. the bodyguard of the kings) celeripes -edis, (swift-footed). celeritas -atis, f. (quickness, swiftness). celero -are, transit., (to make quick, accelerate); intransit. (to hasten). cella -ae, f. (a room); esp. (a storeroom, or a garret, mean apartment); in a temple, (the shrine of the god's image). cellarius -a -um, (of a storeroom); as subst. (a cellarer). celo -are, (to hide, conceal, keep secret). celox -ocis, (swift, quick); f. as subst. (a swift vessel, yacht). celsus -a -um, (upraised, lofty, elevated); in bad sense, (proud, haughty). Celtae -arum, m. pl. (the Celts, esp. those of central Gaul). Adj. Celticus -a -um. Celtiberi -orum, m. (the Celtiberians, a people in the middle of Spain). cena -ae, f. (dinner, the main Roman meal); meton., (a dish or course at a dinner). cenaculum -i, n. (a garret, attic). cenatio -onis, f. (a dining-hall). cenatorius -a -um, (relating to dinner); n. pl. as subst. (clothes to dine in). cenito -are, (to dine often). ceno -are, intransit. (to dine, sup); transit. (to dine on, to eat). Perf. partic. with, middle meaning, cenatus, (having dined, after dinner). censeo censere censui censum, (to estimate, to form or express an opinion or valuation of a person or, thing); esp. of the censor at Rome, (to take an account of the names and, property of Roman citizens). In gen., (to express an opinion, be of the, opinion, vote, advise, recommend); of the senate, (to resolve). censor -oris, m. (the censor, a Roman magistrate). Transf., (a severe judge, rigid, moralist). censorius -a -um, (relating to the censor); 'homo', (an ex-censor); 'tabulae', (the censor's, lists). Transf., (rigid, severe). censura -ae, f. (the censor's office, censorship). Transf., (judgement). census -us, m.(the census, an enrolment of names and assessment of property). Transf., (the censor's list; the amount of property necessary for enrolment in a, certain rank); in gen., (property, wealth). centaureum and centaurium -i, n. (the plant centaury). Centaurus -i, m., (a centaur, i.e. a monster of Thessaly, half man and half horse). centeni -ae -a, (poet. also sing.), (a hundred together, a hundred each). centesimus -a -um, (the hundredth). F. sing. as subst. (the hundredth part); hence (a tax of one, percent), or as interest on money, (one percent), (reckoned at Rome by the, month, therefore = 12 % per annum). centiceps -cipitis, (hundred-headed). centies or centiens, (a hundred times). centimanus -a -um, (hundred-handed). cento -onis, m., (patchwork); in war, (coverings to ward off missiles or extinguish, fires). centum, (a hundred); also (any indefinitely large number). centumgeminus -a -um, (hundred-fold). centumviralis -e, (relating to the centumviri). centumviri or centum viri -orum, m. pl. (a bench of judges dealing with civil suits). centunculus -i, m. (a little piece of patchwork or a saddle-cloth). centuplex -icis, (a hundred-fold). centuria -ae, f. (a division of 100; a company of soldiers; a century, a part of the Roman, people, as divided by Servius Tullius). centuriatim, (by centuries or companies). centuriatus -us, m. (a division into companies or centuries; the centurion's office). centurio (1) -are, (to divide into centuries); 'comitia centuriata', (the assembly in which the, whole Roman people voted in their centuries). centurio (2) -onis, m. (commander of a century, centurion). centurionatus -us, m. (an election of centurions). cenula -ae, f. (a little meal). cenum, see caenum. cera -ae, f. (wax; a waxen writing tablet, wax seal, or waxen image). cerarium -i, n. (a fee for sealing a document). cerastes -ae, m. (the horned snake). cerasus -i, f. (a cherry tree or cherry). Cerberus -i, m. (the dog guarding Hades). cercopithecus -i, m. (a kind of ape). cercurus -i, m. (a species of vessel peculiar to Cyprus; a sea-fish). cerdo -onis, m. (a workman, artisan). cerebrosus -a -um, (hot-tempered). cerebrum -i, n. (the brain; the understanding; hot temper). Ceres -eris, f. (the Roman goddess of agriculture). Transf., (bread, grain, corn). Adj., Cerealis -e; n. pl. as subst. (the festival of Ceres on April 10). cereus -a -um, (waxen, or resembling wax); m. as subst., (a wax taper). cerintha -ae, f. (the wax flower). cerinus -a -um, (wax-colored): n. pl. as subst. (wax-colored garments). cerno cernere crevi cretum, (to separate, sift). Transf., (to distinguish), with the senses, or with the, mind; (to decide, resolve, determine). cernuus -a -um, (falling headlong). cero -are, (to smear or cover with wax). ceroma -atis, n. (an ointment of oil and wax used by wrestlers). ceromaticus -a -um, (anointed with the ceroma). cerritus -a -um, (frantic, mad). certamen -inis, n. (contest, struggle). certatim, adv. (emulously, eagerly). certatio -onis, f. (contest, rivalry). certe and certo, adv. from certus; q.v. certo -are, (to settle by contest); hence (to contend, struggle, dispute). certus -a -um, adj. (settled, resolved, decided), of projects and persons; (definite, certain, fixed; sure, to be depended on); of things as known, (undoubted, sure); 'certum scio', (I know for certain); 'pro certo habeo', (I feel sure);, of persons knowing, (sure, certain); 'certiorem facere', (to inform). Adv., certe and certo, (certainly, assuredly). cerula -ae, f. (a little piece of wax). cerussa -ae, f. (white lead). cerussatus -a -um, (painted with white lead). cerva -ae, f. (hind); poet., (deer). cervical -alis, n. (cushion, pillow). cervicula -ae, f. (a little neck). cervinus -a -um, (relating to a stag). cervix -icis, f. (the nape of the neck, the neck); 'dare cervices', (to submit to the, executioner). cervus -i, m. (stag, deer); pl., milit., (stakes stuck in the ground as a palisade). cespes, see caespes. cessatio -onis, f. (delaying, inactivity, laziness). cessator -oris, m. (one who loiters). cessio -onis, f. (a giving up, a cession). cesso -are, (to leave off, cease work, be idle, rest); of things, (to be left alone, do, nothing); so of land, (lie fallow). cestrosphendone -es, f. (engine for hurling stones). cestus (1) and cestos -i, m. (a girdle). cestus (2) -us, m.; see caestus. cetarium -i, n. (a fish-pond). cetarius -i, m. (a fishmonger). ceteroqui or ceteroquin, (otherwise, else). ceterus -a -um, (the other, the rest); usually plur., ceteri -ae -a; 'et cetera', (and so on)., Acc. n. sing. as adv. ceterum, (otherwise, moreover, but). Cethegus -i, m. C. Cornelius, (a conspirator with Catiline, put to death by Cicero in 63, B.C.). cetra, see caetra. cette, see cedo. cetus -i, m. and cetos n.; plur. cete; (any large sea-creature, such as whale, seal, dolphin). ceu, adv., (as, like as); sometimes (as if). Chalcis -idis or -idos, f. (the chief city of Euboea). Chaldaei -orum, m. pl. (the Chaldaeans, famous as astrologers). chalybeius -a -um, (of steel). chalybs -ybis, m. (steel); an article made of steel such as (a sword, a horse's bit, the tip, of an arrow). chane or channe -es, f. (the sea perch). Chaos, acc. Chaos, abl. Chao, n. (boundless empty space). Hence (the lower world);, personified, (Chaos, the father of Night and Erebus; the shapeless mass out of, which the universe was made). chara -ae, f. (an edible root). Charites -um, f. pl. (the Graces, i.e. Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia). Charon -ontis, m. (Charon, who ferried souls over the Styx). charta -ae, f. (a leaf of Egyptian papyrus, paper; anything written on paper, a letter, poem, etc.). * chartula -ae, f. (a little paper, small piece of writing). Charybdis -is, f. (a whirlpool opposite the rock Scylla). Chatti (Catti) -orum, m. pl. (a Germanic people). Chauci -orum, m. pl. (a Germanic people on the coast of the North Sea). chelydrus -i, m. (an amphibious snake). chelys, acc. -yn, f. (the tortoise);hence, (the lyre made out of its shell) cheregra and chiregra -ae, f. (the gout in the hands). Cherronesus and Chersoneus -i, f. (a peninsula); esp. (of Gallipoli or the Crimea). chiliarches -ae, and chiliarchus -i, m. (a commander of 1,000 soldiers); among Persians, (chancellor, or prime minister). Chimaera -ae, f. (a monster killed by Bellerophon). chimaerifer -fera -ferum, (producing the Chimaera). Chios or Chius -i, f. (an island in the Aegean Sea, famous for wine and marble). chirographum -i, n. (an autograph, a person's own handwriting). chironomos -i, and chironomon -ontis, m. (a gesticulator, a mime). chirurgia -ae, f. (surgery). chlamydatus -a -um, (dressed in a chlamys). chlamys -ydis, f. (a large upper garment of wool). choragium -i, n. (the training and production of a chorus). choragus -i, m. (he who pays for a chorus). choraules -ae, m. (a flute-player, accompanying the chorus). chorda -ae, f. (cat-gut); usually as the (string) of a musical instrument. chorea -ae, f. (a dance in a ring). choreus and chorius -i, m. (the metrical foot afterwards called a trochee). chorus -i, m. (dance in a circle, choral dance). Transf., (the persons singing and, dancing, the chorus); hence (a crowd, troop). Christus -i, m. (Christ); Christianus -i, m. (a Christian). chromis -is, c. (a sea-fish). chrysanthus -i, m. (a flower, perhaps marigold). chrysolithos -i, m. and f. (chrysolite, or topaz). chrysophrys, acc. -yn, f. (a sea-fish). cibarius -a -um, (relating to food); n. pl. as subst., (food, rations). Transf., (from the food, of slaves), (ordinary, common). cibatus -us, m. (food, nourishment). ciborium -i, n. (a large drinking vessel). cibus -i, m. (food, fodder, nourishment, sustenance). cicada -ae, f. (a cicada, or tree cricket). cicatrix -icis, f. (a scar); on plants, (a mark of incision); also (a patch on an old shoe). cicer -eris, n. (a chick-pea). Cicero -onis, M. Tullius, (Roman statesman, orator, and writer (106-43 B.C)); adj., Ciceronianus -a -um. cichoreum -i, n. (succory or endive). ciconia -ae, f. (a stork). cicur -uris, (tame). cicuta -ae, f. (hemlock; poison extracted from the hemlock; a shepherd's pipe, made of, hemlock stalk). cieo ciere civi citum, (to move, stir, agitate). Transf., (to give rise to, excite, arouse; to, summon; to call by name). Hence partic. citus -a -um, (quick, speedy). Adv., cito, (quickly); 'citius quam', (sooner than, rather than). Cilicia -ae, f. (a region in Asia Minor). Cimber -bri, m.; usually pl. Cimbri, (the Cimbrians, a German tribe); adj. Cimbricus -a, -um. cimex -icis, m. (a bug). Cimmerii -orum, m. pl. (1) (a Thracian people, living on the Dnieper). (2) (a mythical people, living in eternal darkness). cinaedus -i, m. (a wanton or shameless person). cincinnatus -a -um, (having curled hair). Cincinnatus -i, m. (a cognomen of the gens Quinctia). cincinnus -i, m. (curled hair, a lock of hair). Transf., (artificial rhetorical ornament). Cincius -a -um, (name of a Roman gens). cinctura -ae, f. (a girdle). cinctus -us, m. (a girding, a way of wearing the toga). Transf. (a girdle). cinctutus -a -um, (girded). cinefactus -a -um, (turned to ashes). cinerarius -i, m. (an attendant who heated in hot ashes the irons for curling the hair). cingo cingere cinxi cinctum, (to surround or equip the head or body); pass., cingi, (to gird oneself); in, gen., (to surround); esp. (to surround) with hostile intent, or for, protection; of persons, (to escort, accompany). cingula -ae, f. (a girdle). cingulum -i, n. (a girdle, sword-belt). cingulus -i, m. (a girdle of the earth, zone). ciniflo -onis, m.; = cinerarius. cinis -eris, m. rarely f. (ashes). Cinna -ae, m. (a Roman cognomen), esp. of L. Cornelius Cinna, (supporter of Marius, noted, for his cruelty). Adj. Cinnanus -a -um. cinnamomum or cinnamum -i, n. (cinnamon). cippus -i, m. (a pale, stake); esp. (a tombstone); plur., milit., (palisades). circa, Adv., (around, round about). Prep. with acc.: of space, (around, near); of, persons, (around or with); of time or number, (about). circamoerium -i, n.; = pomerium; q.v. Circe -es and -ae, f. (an enchantress, daughter of the Sun); adj. Circaeus -a -um. Circeii -orum, m. pl. (a town in Latium). circensis -e, (belonging to the circus); m. pl. as subst. (sc. ludi), (the circus games). circino -are, (to form into a circle); hence (to fly round). circinus -i, m. (a pair of compasses). circiter, adv., and prep. with acc., (about). circlus, = circulus; q.v. circueo, see circumeo. circuitio and circumitio -onis, f. (a going round, patrol). Transf., (a roundabout way of speaking). circuitus -us, m. (a going round in a circle, circuit). Hence (a roundabout way, circuitous, course); also (compass, circumference, extent); rhet., (a period). circulor -ari, dep. (to gather in groups, or collect a group around oneself). circulus (circlus) -i, m. (a circle, circular figure, circuit; any circular body; a circle or group, for conversation). circum, Adv. (roundabout, around). Prep. with acc. (round, around, round about, near). circumago -agere -egi -actum, (1) (to turn round); esp. in the ceremonial manumission of a slave; of time, circumagi or circumagere se, (to pass away, be spent); of the feelings, (to, influence, bring round). (2) (to drive about from one place to another; to, distract). circumaro -are, (to plow round). circumcaesura -ae, f. (the external outline of a body). circumcido -cidere -cidi -cisum, (to cut round, to cut, trim). Transf., (to make less by cutting, diminish)., Hence partic. circumcisus -a - um, of places,(abrupt, steep,inaccessible); of, style, (abridged, brief). circumcirca, (all round about). circumcludo -cludere -clusi -clusum, (to shut in, enclose, surround). circumcolo -ere, (to dwell around, dwell near). circumcurso -are, (to run round). circumdo -dare -dedi -datum, (surround). (1) (to put something round), with acc. of the thing placed, and, dat. of that round which it is placed. (2) (to surround with something), with, acc. and abl. (rarely double acc.). circumduco -ducere -duxi -ductum, (to lead round, move or drive round). Transf., (to cheat; to extend, amplify). circumeo (circueo) -ire -ii or -ivi -itum, (to go round); milit., (to surround; to go the rounds of, to visit); hence (to, canvass or solicit). Transf., (to cheat, circumvent). circumequito -are, (to ride round). circumfero -ferre -tuli -latum, (to carry round, take round); esp. of the eyes, (to turn all round); in, religion, (to lustrate, purify), by carrying round consecrated objects., Transf., (to spread), esp.(to spread news). circumflecto -flectere -flexi -flexum, (to bend round, turn about). circumflo -are, (to blow round). circumfluo -fluere -fluxi -fluxum, (to flow round). Transf., (to overflow, abound, with abl., (to abound in). circumfluus -a -um, act., (flowing round, circumfluent); pass., (flowed round, surrounded by, water). circumforaneus -a -um, (1) (round the forum); 'aes', (money borrowed from bankers). (2) (attending at, markets). circumfundo -fundere -fudi -fusum, (1) (to pour around); in pass., or with reflexive, (to be poured round = to, surround). (2) act., (to surround, encompass), and pass., (to be surrounded);, usually with instrumental abl. circumgemo -ere, (to growl round). circumgesto -are, (to carry round). circumgredior -gredi -gressus, dep. (to go round, travel round). circumiaceo -ere, (to lie round about, adjoin). circumicio -icere -ieci -iectum, (1) (to throw round, put round). (2) (to surround) one thing with another., Hence partic. circumiectus -a -um, (thrown round), so (surrounding, adjacent). circumiectus -us, m. (a surrounding, enclosing). circumitio, = circuitio; q.v. circumligo -are, (1) (to bind round, bind to). (2) (to bind round) with something. circumlino -linere -litum, (1) (to smear one thing over another). (2) (to besmear with, bedaub); hence, poet., (to cover). circumluo -luere, (to wash round, flow round). circumluvio -onis, f. (alluvial land). circummitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to send round). circummunio -ire, (to wall round, to shut in by lines of circumvallation). circummunitio -onis, f. (circumvallation). circumpadanus -a -um, (near the river Po). circumplector -plecti -plexus, dep. (to embrace, enclose, surround). circumplico -are, (to fold round, wind round). circumpono -ponere -posui -positum, (to place or put round). circumretio -ire, (to enclose in a net, ensnare). circumrodo -rodere -rosi, (to gnaw round). Transf., (to slander). circumsaepio -saepire -saeptum, (to hedge round, enclose). circumscindo -ere, (to tear off, round; to strip). circumscribo -scribere -scripsi -scriptum, (to describe a circle round, to enclose in a circular line). Transf., (1) (to, confine, define, limit, restrict). (2) (to set aside, exclude). (3) (to take, in, ensnare, defraud); 'vectigalia', (to embezzle). Hence partic., circumscriptus - a -um, as rhet. t.t. (rounded, periodic); also (concise). Adv., circumscripte, (in rhetorical periods, fully). circumscriptio -onis, f. (an encircling); hence (circumference). Transf., (1) (outline, boundary, limit); in rhetoric, (a period). (2) (swindling, defrauding). circumscriptor -oris, m. (a cheat, swindler). circumseco -secare -sectum, (to cut round). circumsedeo -sedere -sedi -sessum, (to sit round); esp. (to besiege, beleaguer). circumsessio -onis, f. (encircling, beleaguering). circumsido -ere, (to besiege). circumsilio -ire, (to leap or jump round). circumsisto -sistere -steti or -stiti, (to stand round, surround). circumsono -sonare -sonui, transit., (to sound all around or to make to resound); intransit., (to, resound, to echo). circumsonus -a -um, (sounding all around). circumspectio -onis, f. (looking about, circumspection, caution). circumspecto -are, intransit., (to look round repeatedly); transit., (to look round at or for). circumspectus (1) -a -um, see circumspicio. circumspectus (2) -us, m. (looking round at); hence(attention to; prospect, view all round). circumspicio -spicere -spexi -spectum, intransit., (to look round, esp. anxiously); hence (to consider); transit., (to look round at, survey); hence (to consider carefully); also (to look about, for, seek for). Hence partic. circumspectus -a -um: pass., of things, (deliberate, well considered); act., of persons, (circumspect, cautious). circumsto -stare -steti, intransit., (to stand round or in a circle); partic. as subst., circumstantes, (the bystanders); transit., (to surround, beleaguer). circumstrepo -ere, (to make a loud noise around). circumsurgens -entis, (rising round). circumtero -terere, (to rub against on all sides). circumtextus -a -um, (woven all round). circumtono -tonare -tonui, (to thunder round). circumtonsus -a -um, (shorn all round); of discourse, (artificial) circumvado -vadere -vasi, (to attack from every side, to surround). circumvagus -a -um, (wandering round, flowing round). circumvallo -are, (to blockade, beleaguer). circumvectio -onis, f. (a carrying round of merchandise): 'portorium circumvectionis', (transit, dues); in gen., (circuit, revolution). circumvector -ari, (to ride, or sail round); poet., (to go through, describe). circumvehor -vehi -vectus, (to ride or sail round); poet., (to describe). circumvelo -are, (to veil round, envelop). circumvenio -venire -veni -ventum, (to come round, surround, encircle). Transf., (to beset, assail; to cheat, defraud). circumvertor (-vortor) -verti, (to turn oneself round). circumvestio -ire, (to clothe all round). circumvolito -are, (to fly round, rove about). circumvolo -are, (to fly round). circumvolvo -volvere -volvi -volutum, (to roll round); usually pass., (to revolve). circus -i, m. (a ring, circle, orbit); 'candens', (the milky way); also (an oval course, for races). ciris -is, f. (a bird, into which Scylla was transformed). cirratus -a -um, (curly-haired). Cirrha -ae, f. (a city near Delphi, sacred to Apollo); adj. Cirrhaeus -a -um. cirrus -i, m. (a lock, or ringlet of hair; the fringe of a garment). cis, prep. with acc., (on this side of, within). Cisalpinus -a -um, (on this (the Roman) side of the Alps). cisium -i, n. (a light two-wheeled vehicle). Cisrhenanus -a -um, (on this (the Roman) side of the Rhine). cista -ae, f. (a chest, box). cistella -ae, f. (a little chest or box). cisterna -ae, f. (reservoir, cistern). cistophorus -i, m. (an Asiatic coin). cistula -ae, f. (a little chest or box). citatus -a -um, partic. from cito (2); q.v. citer -tra -trum, (on this side); usually compar. citerior -us, genit. -oris, (on this side, nearer); superl. citimus -a -um, (nearest). cithara -ae, f. (a stringed instrument, lyre, lute). citharista -ae, m. (a player on the cithara). citharistria -ae, f. (a female player on the cithara). citharizo -are, (to play the cithara). citharoedus -i, m. (one who plays the cithara, with voice accompanying). cito (1), adv. from cieo; q.v. cito (2) -are (1) (to put in motion, excite, start up). (2) (to summon, call forward), esp. for legal, political or, military purposes; hence (to appeal to, point to) authorities, etc. Hence, partic. citatus -a -um, (quick, speedy): 'citato equo', (at full gallop). Adv., citatim. citra (abl. f. from citer), Adv. (on this side, nearer). Prep. with acc., (on this side, nearer than); of, time, (since); hence, in gen., (short of, without). citreus -a -um, (belonging to the citrus tree or citron tree). citro, adv. found only with ultro: 'ultro (et) citro', (up and down, hither and, thither). citrus -i, m. (1) (the citrus, a kind of African cypress). (2) (the citron tree). citus -a -um, partic. from cieo; q.v. civicus -a -um, (relating to a citizen, civic); 'civica (corona)', (the civic crown, awarded, to one who had saved the life of a Roman in war). civilis -e, (relating to a citizen, civic, civil); esp. 'ius civile', (the Roman civil law, or civil rights; befitting a citizen); hence, (popular, affable, courteous;, relating to public life or the state). Adv. civiliter, (like a citizen, politely). civilitas -atis, f. (1) (the science of politics). (2) (politeness, civility). civis -is, c. (citizen); also (a fellow citizen);under a king, (subject). civitas -atis, f.: abstr., (citizenship); concr., (a union of citizens, state, commonwealth;, the inhabitants of a city, townsfolk; (rarely) a city, town). clades -is, f. (destruction); in gen., (disaster, injury, defeat). clam, Adv., (secretly, in secret); 'esse', (to remain unknown). Prep. with acc. or, abl., (unknown to, without the knowledge of). clamator -oris, m. (a shouter, speaker). clamito -are, (to cry aloud, shout violently). clamo -are, (to call, shout, cry aloud); with object, (to call to or upon) a person, (to, shout) something; sometimes (to proclaim, declare). clamor -oris, m. (a loud shouting, cry); poet., of lifeless things, (echo, reverberation). clamosus -a -um, act., (noisy, clamorous); pass., (filled with noise). clanculum, Adv. (secretly, in secret). Prep. with acc. (unknown to). clandestinus -a -um, (secret, clandestine); Adv. clandestino. clangor -oris, m. (sound, clang, noise). clareo -ere, (to be bright, to shine). Transf., (to be evident; to be distinguished). claresco clarescere clarui, (to become clear to the senses). Transf., (to become evident; to become, illustrious). clarigo -are, (to demand satisfaction), used of the Fetials. clarisonus -a -um, (clearly sounding). claritas -atis, f. (clearness, brightness). Transf., (clearness to the mind, plainness; fame, celebrity). claritudo -inis, f. (clearness, brilliancy). Transf. (fame, celebrity). claro -are, (to make bright or clear). Transf., (to make plain to the mind; to make, illustrious). clarus -a -um, (bright, clear, distinct); poet., of the wind, (making clear, bringing fair, weather). Transf., to the understanding, (clear, evident, plain); of, reputation, (illustrious, distinguished); in bad sense, (notorious). Hence, adj. clare, (clearly, brightly, distinctly; illustriously). classiarius -a -um, (of the fleet); m. pl. as subst., (marines). classicus -a -um, (1) (relating to the different classes of Roman citizens). (2) (relating to, the armed forces, esp. to the fleet): m. pl. as subst., (marines): n. sing. as, subst., (the signal for battle or the trumpet giving this). classis -is, f. (a group as summoned, a division, class). (1) (one of the classes into, which Servius Tullius divided the Roman people). (2) (the armed forces, esp., the fleet). (3) in gen., (a class, group). clatri -orum, m. pl. (trellis, grating). claudeo -ere and claudo -ere, (to limp, halt, be lame). claudicatio -onis, f. (a limping). claudico -are, (to limp, be lame). Transf., (to incline, be deflected; to halt, waver). Claudius (Clodius) -a -um, (the name of two Roman gentes); esp. (of the emperor Claudius (10 B.C.-A.D., 54)). Adj. Claudianus -a -um, Claudialis -e. claudo (1) (cludo) claudere clausi clausum, (to close, shut up, make inaccessible); of military positions, (to blockade, invest); of prisoners, etc., (to shut in, confine). Transf., (to conclude);, 'agmen', (to bring up the rear). Hence partic. clausus -a -um, of character, (close, reserved); n. as subst., (an enclosed place). claudo (2), = claudeo; q.v. claudus -a -um, (limping, lame). Transf., (crippled, defective); poet., 'carmina alterno, versu', (elegiac verse). claustrum -i, n. (a means of closing or shutting in; bolt, bar; an enclosure, prison, den; a, barricade, dam, fortress); milit., (the key to a position). clausula -ae, f. (end, conclusion); in rhetoric, (the close of a period). clava -ae, f. (a staff or cudgel). clavarium -i, n. (an allowance to soldiers for buying shoe-nails). clavicula -ae, f. (the tendril by which the vine clings to its prop). claviger (1) -geri, m. (the club-bearer), of Hercules. claviger (2) -geri, m. (the key-bearer), of Janus. clavis -is, f. (a key): 'claves adimere uxori', (to separate from one's wife). Transf., (a, stick for trundling a hoop). clavus -i, m. (1) (a nail, spike). (2) (a tiller, helm, rudder). (3) (a stripe of purple, on a tunic, worn broad by senators, narrow by knights). clemens -entis, (mild, kind, merciful); adv. clementer, (gently). clementia -ae, f. (mildness, gentleness, mercy). Cleopatra -ae, f. (the queen of Egypt and mistress of Antony, defeated with him at Actium). clepo clepere clepsi cleptum, (to steal); 'se', (to conceal oneself). clepsydra -ae, f. (a water clock), esp. as used to measure the time allotted to orators. cliens -entis, m. (a client, dependent on a patronus (q.v.)); in gen., (a vassal or ally). clienta -ae, f. (a female client). clientela -ae, f. (clientship, the relation between client and patron); hence in gen., (dependence). Transf. (gen. pl.) (clients). clinamen -inis, n. (inclination, swerving aside). clinatus -a -um, (inclined, leaning). Clio -us, f. (the Muse of history). clipeatus -a -um, (armed with a shield); m. pl. as subst., (soldiers with shields). clipeus -i, m. and clipeum -i, n. (a (round) shield). Transf., (the disk of the sun; a, medallion portrait). clitellae -arum, f. pl. (a pack-saddle, pair of panniers, saddle-bag). clivosus -a -um, (hilly, steep). clivus -i, m. (a slope, rise, gradient). cloaca -ae, f. (a sewer, drain). Cloacina -ae, f. (the cleanser, surname of Venus). Clodius, = Claudius; q.v. Clotho, f. (the spinner, one of the Parcae). clueo -ere, (I hear myself called, am named). clunis -is, m. and f. (the buttocks). Clusium -i, n. (a town of Etruria); adj. Clusinus -a -um, Clytaemnestra -ae, f. (wife of Agamemnon who killed her husband, and was killed by her son, Orestes). Cnidus (-os), or Gnidus (-os), -i, f. (a town in Caria, famous for the worship of Venus);, adj. Cnidius -a -um. Cnossus, = Gnossus; q.v. coacervatio -onis, f. (a heaping up). coacervo -are, (to heap up, accumulate). coacesco -acescere -acui, (to become sour). coacto -are, (to compel). coactor -oris, m. (a collector of money); 'coactores agminis', (the rear-guard). coactu, abl. sing. m. (by force, under compulsion). coactum -i, n. subst. from cogo; q.v. coaedifico -are, (to build on). coaequo -are, (to level, make even). coagmentatio -onis, f. (a connection, binding together). coagmento -are, (to join together); 'pacem', (to conclude). coagmentum -i, n. (a joining, joint). coagulum -i, n. (rennet or curds). coalesco -alescere -alui -alitum, (to grow together; to take root, grow); hence (to become established or, firm). coangusto -are, (to limit, confine). coarcto, etc. = coarto, etc.; q.v. coarguo -uere -ui, (to show clearly, demonstrate fully); esp. (to prove wrong or false). coartatio -onis, f. (a confining in a small space). coarto -are, (to confine, draw together); of discourse, (to compress); of time, (to, shorten). coccinatus -a -um, (clad in scarlet). coccinus -a -um, (scarlet-colored); n. pl. as subst., (scarlet clothes). coccum -i, n. (the berry of the scarlet oak); hence (scarlet dye); sometimes (scarlet, cloth or garments). coclea (cochlea) -ae, f. (a snail or snail-shell). cocleare (cochleare) -is, n. (a spoon). coclearium -i, n. (a spoon). Cocles, (Roman cognomen, esp. of Horatius Cocles, the Roman who defended the bridge, over the Tiber against Porsenna). coctilis -e, (baked); 'muri', (made of burnt brick). Cocytus and -os, -i, m. (a river of the lower world).2 coda, see cauda. codex (caudex) -dicis, m. (the trunk of a tree); as a term of abuse, (dolt, blockhead). Transf., (a, book (made up of wooden tablets, covered with wax)); esp. (an account-book, ledger). codicarius -a -um, (made of tree trunks). codicilli -orum, m. (little trunks, logs). Transf., (small tablets for memoranda); hence (a, letter, petition, codicil, rescript). coel-, see cael-. coemo -emere -emi -emptum, (to buy up). coemptio -onis, f. (a form of marriage; a fictitious sale of an estate). coen-, see caen-. coeo -ire -ii or -ivi -itum, (to go or come together, assemble); of enemies, (to engage); of friends, etc., (to unite, combine); transit. 'societatem coire', (to form an alliance); of, things, (to unite, come together); of blood, (to curdle); of water, (to, freeze). coepio coepere coepi coeptum, (only the perfect-stem tenses are class.: see incipio), (to begin, commence)., N. of partic. as subst. coeptum -i, (a thing begun or undertaken). coepto -are, (to begin or undertake (eagerly)). coeptus -us, m. (only in plur.), (a beginning). coerceo -cere -cui -citum, (to enclose, shut in, confine, restrain); 'vitem', (to prune). coercitio -onis, f. (confining, restraint); hence (punishment). coeruleus, = caeruleus; q.v. coetus (coitus) -us, m. (meeting together, union, assembly). cogitatio -onis, f. (thinking, conception, reflection, reasoning); sometimes a particular, (thought, idea or intention). cogito -are, (to turn over in the mind, to think, reflect); sometimes (to intend, plan)., Hence partic. cogitatus -a -um, (considered, deliberate); n. pl. as subst., (thoughts, reflections, ideas). Adv. cogitate, (thoughtfully). cognatio -onis, f. (relationship, connection by blood); meton. (persons related, kindred, family); in gen., (connection, agreement, resemblance). cognatus -a -um, (related, connected by blood); m. and f. as subst. (a relation either on the, father's or the mother's side). Transf., (akin, similar). cognitio -onis, f. (getting to know, study, knowledge, acquaintance; recognition; legal, inquiry, investigation); in plur., (ideas). cognitor -oris, m. (a knower); legal, (a witness or an attorney); in gen., (a supporter). cognomen -inis, n. (a surname, family name). cognomentum -i, n. (a surname, a name). cognominatus -a -um, (of the same meaning); 'verba', (synonyms). cognominis -e, (having the same name). cognosco -gnoscere -gnovi -gnitum, (to become acquainted with, get to know, learn); in perf. tenses, (to know; to, know again, recognize); of judges, (to examine, hear, decide). Hence partic., cognitus -a -um, (known, proved). cogo cogere coegi coactum, (to bring, drive, or draw to one point, to collect; to bring close together, compress); of liquids, etc. (to thicken, curdle); milit., 'agmen cogere', (to, bring up the rear). Transf., (to restrict, confine; to compel). Hence partic., coactus -a -um, (constrained); n. as subst. (thick cloth, felt). cohaerentia -ae, f. (coherence). cohaereo -haerere -haesi -haesum: of a whole, (to cohere, hold together); of one thing (or person), (to cling, adhere, be, connected to) another. cohaeresco -haerescere -haesi, (to hang together). coheres -edis, m. (a coheir). cohibeo -ere -ui -itum, (to hold in, hold together); hence (to confine, restrain, hold back, repress). cohonesto -are, (to do honor to). cohorresco -horrescere -horrui, (to shudder or shiver). cohors -tis, f. (an enclosure, yard). Transf., (a troop, company, throng); milit., (a, cohort, the tenth part of a legion); 'praetoria cohors', (the retinue of the, governor of a province). cohortatio -onis, f. (exhortation, encouragement). cohortor -ari, dep. (to encourage, incite, exhort). coitio -onis, f. (a coming together, meeting; a faction, coalition, conspiracy). coitus -us, see coetus. colaphus -i, m. (a cuff, box on the ear). Colchis -idis, f. (Colchis, a country on the Black Sea); adj. Colchicus and Colchus -a -um;, f. adj. Colchis -idis. coleus -i, see culleus. coliphia (colyphia) -orum, n. (a food used by athletes). colis, see caulis. Collatia -ae, f. (a town in Latium); adj. Collatinus -a -um. collinus -a -um, (hilly, relating to a hill); 'porta Collina', (a gate of Rome near the, Quirinal Hill). collis -is, m. (hill, high ground). collum -i, n. (collus -i, m.) (neck). collybus -i, m. (exchange of money, or rate of exchange). collyrium -i, n. (eye-salve). colo colere colui cultum, (to cultivate, till, tend; to dwell in, inhabit) a place; in gen., (to take, care of, attend to, foster, honor, worship, court). Hence cultus -a -um, (cultivated, tilled, planted); n. pl. as subst., (cultivated land). Transf., physically, (tidy, well- dressed, smart); mentally, (refined). Adv. culte, (elegantly). colocasia -orum, n. pl. (the Egyptian bean). colona -ae, f. (a country-woman). colonia -ae, f. (a farm, estate; a colony); meton., (colonists). colonicus -a -um, (relating to agriculture or to a colony). colonus -i, m. (a farmer, sometimes a tenant farmer; a colonist, inhabitant of a colony). color (colos) -oris, m. (color, tint, hue); esp. (complexion); sometimes (beautiful complexion, beauty). Transf., (outward show, external appearance; cast, character, tone;, an artful excuse). coloro -are, (to color); partic. coloratus -a -um, (colored); of complexion, (tanned, dark). colosseus -a -um, (colossal, gigantic). colossicus -a -um, (colossal, gigantic). colossus -i, m. (a colossus, statue larger than life); esp. that of Apollo at Rhodes. coluber -bri, m. (serpent, snake). colubra -ae, f. (female serpent). colubrifer -fera -ferum, (snake-bearing, snaky-haired (of Medusa)). colum -i, n. (colander, sieve, strainer). columba -ae, f. (a pigeon, dove). columbinus -a -um, (belonging to a pigeon). columbus -i, m. (a male dove or pigeon). columella -ae, f. (a little column). columen -inis, n. (a height, summit, ridge); of buildings, (roof, gable). Transf., (chief, summit, crown; support, pillar). columna -ae, f. (pillar, column); columnae,(pillars as signs of booksellers' shops in, Rome); 'columnae Herculis', (the pillars of Hercules). Transf., (a support, pillar of the state; a water-spout). columnarium -i, n. (a tax on pillars). columnarius -i, m. (a rascal, thief). colus -i and -us, f. or m., (a distaff). coma -ae, f. (the hair of the head). Transf., (leaves; rays of light). comans -antis, (hairy); 'galea', (crested); 'stella', (a comet). comatus -a -um, (hairy); Gallia Comata, (a name for Transalpine Gaul); 'comata silva', (in, full leaf). combibo (1) -bibere -bibi, (to drink in, suck up). combibo (2) -onis, m. (a comrade in drinking). comburo -urere -ussi -ustum, (to burn up); hence (to ruin or consume). comedo -esse -edi -esum or -estum, (to eat up, consume); of property, (to waste, squander). comes -itis, c. (a fellow-traveller); hence (a companion, comrade); sometimes (attendant);, in plur., comites, (retinue). cometes -ae, m. (a comet). comicus -a -um, (of comedy, comic); esp. (represented in comedy). M. as subst. (an actor in, comedy or writer of comedy). Adv. comice, (in the manner of comedy). cominus, = comminus; q.v. comis -e, (courteous, kind, friendly, obliging); adv. comiter. comissabundus -a -um, (revelling, rioting). comissatio -onis, f. (a revel, riotous procession). comissator -oris, m. (a reveller). comissor -ari, dep. (to revel). comitas -atis, f. (courtesy, friendliness, civility). comitatus -us, m. (train, retinue, following). comiter, adv. from comis; q.v. comitia, see comitium. comitialis -e, (relating to the comitia). comitiatus -us, m. (the assembly of the people in the comitia). comitium -i, n. (a place of assembly, esp. one in the forum at Rome); plur. comitia, (the, assembly of the Roman people for the election of magistrates, etc.): hence, (elections). comito -are, (to accompany);esp. as partic. comitatus -a -um,(accompanied). comitor -ari, dep. (to attend, accompany, follow). commaculo -are, (to pollute). commanipularis -is, m. (a soldier belonging to the same company). commeatus -us, m. (free passage, going and coming); milit., (leave of absence, furlough);, also (often pl.) (supply of provisions, food, forage). commeditor -ari, dep. (to practice, represent). commemini -isse, (to remember fully). commemorabilis -e, (worthy of mention, memorable). commemoratio -onis, f. (reminding, mention). commemoro -are, (to call to mind, recollect; to remind another, to mention, relate, recount). commendabilis -e, (commendable, praiseworthy). commendaticius -a -um, (giving recommendation). commendatio -onis, f. (recommendation; that which recommends, excellence). commendator -oris, m. (one that commends). commendatrix -icis, f. (one that commends). commendo -are, (to commit to the care or protection of anyone). Hence, in gen., (to commit;, to recommend; to set off, render agreeable). commensus, partic. of commetior; q.v. commentariolum -i, n. (a short treatise). commentarium -i, n. (a memorandum, notebook); as the title of a book, (a memoir) (usually, plur.); legal, (a brief). commentarius -i, m. (a memorandum, notebook); as the title of a book, (a memoir) (usually, plur.); legal, (a brief). commentatio -onis, f. (reflection, careful consideration; practice). commenticius -a -um, (invented, fictitious). commentor (1) -ari, dep. (to consider thoroughly; to practice, prepare; to invent, compose, write). commentor (2) -oris, m. (an inventor). commeo -are, (to go up and down, come and go). commercium -i, n. (trade, commerce); meton. (the right to trade, or an article of traffic, merchandise, or a place of trade, depot). Hence in gen., (intercourse, communication). commercor -ari, dep. (to buy up). commereo -ere (also commereor, dep.) (to deserve fully; to commit a fault). commetior -metiri -mensus, dep. (to measure); sometimes (to measure one thing against another, compare). commeto -are, (to go frequently). commigro -are, (to move in a body, migrate). commilitium -i, n. (companionship in war or military service); in gen., (fellowship). commilito -onis, m. (a fellow-soldier). comminatio -onis, f. (threatening, threat). commingo -mingere -minxi -mictum, (to urinate on, defile). comminiscor -minisci -mentus, dep. (to think out, contrive, invent). Perf. partic. in passive sense, commentus -a -um, (feigned, invented); n. as subst. commentum -i, n. (fiction, invention, contrivance). comminor -ari, dep. (to threaten). comminuo -uere -ui -utum, (to make small, break up, diminish, weaken). comminus, (hand to hand, esp. in close combat); in gen., (close up, close at hand). commisceo -miscere -miscui -mixtum, (to mix together, mix up). commiseratio -onis, f. (pity); rhet. (the exciting of pity). commiseresco -ere, (to pity). commiseror -ari, dep. (to pity, bewail); of a speaker, (to excite pity). commissio -onis, f. (a setting together): hence (the start of games, contests, etc.). commissura -ae, f. (a joining together, connection, joint). committo -mittere -misi -missum, (1) (to unite, connect, combine); esp. (to bring together in a contest, to, match): hence (to compare). (2) (to begin, set on foot, initiate): with ut and, the subj., (to bring it about that); esp. of crimes, etc., (to commit, perpetrate), and of penalties, (to incur). (3) (to entrust, commit), esp. with, reflex. N. partic. as subst. commissum -i, (an undertaking; a crime, fault; a, trust, secret). commoditas -atis, f. (proportion, fitness); hence (a fit occasion), also (convenience, advantage); of persons, (kindness). commodo -are, (to make fit, adapt); hence (to adapt oneself to a person; to please, oblige, serve); with acc. (to furnish, lend, give). commodus -a -um, (to measure, in full, complete); hence (proper, fit, appropriate); of persons, character, etc., (friendly, obliging, pleasant). N. as subst. commodum -i, (suitable time, opportunity, convenience; use, advantage, interest;, remuneration; loan). N. acc. as adv. commodum, (at the right time, opportunely; just then). Adv. commode, (rightly, properly, fitly; pleasantly, comfortably, kindly). commolior -iri, dep. (to set in motion). commonefacio -facere -feci -factum, (to remind, warn) a person, or (to call to mind) a thing. commoneo -ere, (to remind, warn) a person, or (to call to mind) a thing. commonstro -are, (to show fully). commoratio -onis, f. (delaying, lingering). commoror -ari, dep. (to linger, stay); transit., (to delay). commotio -onis, f. (violent movement, excitement). commoveo -movere -movi -motum, (to move violently, shake, disturb, carry about or away); 'nummum', (to employ, in commerce); esp. of the mind or passions, (to excite, influence, upset); of, abstract things, (to start up, produce, cause). Hence partic. commotus - a -um, (insecure, unsteady; excited, upset). communicatio -onis, f. (communicating, imparting). communico -are, (1) (to share out, give a share in); hence (to communicate, impart) a matter;, without object, (to take counsel, confer with) a person. (2) (to join, unite)., (3) (to take a share in, participate). communio (1) -ire, (to fortify thoroughly). communio (2) -onis, f. (sharing, mutual participation). communis -e, (shared, common, universal, public); 'loca', (public places); 'loci', (commonplaces); of persons, (approachable, affable). N. as subst. commune, (common property), esp. in plur.; (state, commonwealth); 'in commune', (for, the public good), also (in general). Adv. communiter, (jointly, generally). communitas -atis, f.(community, fellowship; sense of fellowship, affability). commurmuror -ari, dep. (to mutter, murmur). commutabilis -e, (changeable). commutatus -us, m. (change, alteration). commuto -are, (to change, alter; to exchange, barter, interchange). como comere compsi comptum, (to put together, make tidy, arrange, adorn); esp. of the hair. Hence partic., comptus -a -um, (formed, framed; adorned, neat). comoedia -ae, f. (comedy). comoedus -a -um, (comic); m. as subst., (a comic actor). comosus -a -um, (hairy); of plants, (leafy). compactio -onis, f. (joining together). compactum or compectum -i, n. (an agreement). compages -is, f. (a joining together, connection): hence (something that joins, a joint, seam), or (something joined together, a structure). compago -inis, f. (a joining together). compar -paris, as subst., (an equal, companion, mate); as adj. (like, similar). comparabilis -e, (capable of comparison, comparable). comparatio (1) -onis, f. (preparing, providing). comparatio (2) -onis, f. (a putting together); hence (comparison). comparativus -a -um, (relating to comparison, comparative). comparco (comperco) -parcere -parsi or -persi, (to scrape together, save up). compareo -parere -parui, (to appear, be visible; to be present, be in existence). comparo (1) -are, (to prepare, get ready, provide); hence (to arrange, settle). comparo (2) -are, (to couple together), esp. for a contest, (to match). Transf., (to liken, compare). compasco -pascere -pastum, (to feed (cattle) together). compascuus -a -um, (of common pasturage). compellatio -onis, f. (accosting, rebuking). compello (1) -pellere -puli -pulsum, (to drive together, collect; to force, compel). compello (2) -are, (to address, accost); esp. (to reproach, rebuke); legal, (to accuse before a, court). compendiarius -a -um, (short); f. and n. as subst., (a short cut). compendium -i, n. (saving, profit, advantage; shortening, abbreviation); 'compendi facere', (to make short); in plur., (short ways, short cuts). compensatio -onis, f. (balancing, compensation). compenso -are, (to weigh together, balance). comperco, = comparco; q.v. comperendinatio -onis, f. (a putting off to the next day but one). comperendinatus -us, m. (a putting off to the next day but one). comperendino -are, (to remand to the next day but one). comperio -perire -peri -pertum, (to find out, discover, gain certain information of). Esp. used in perf., partic. compertus -a -um (1) (known, undoubted). (2) Of persons, (convicted). compes -pedis, f. (a fetter or foot shackle). compesco -pescere -pescui, (to hold in, restrain, curb, check). competitor -oris, m. (a rival, competitor). competo -petere -petivi and -petii -petitum, (to come together, to meet). (1) (to agree, coincide in point of time). (2), (to be equal to, match); absol., (to be competent, capable). compilatio -onis, f. (a pillaging); hence (a compilation of documents). compilo -are, (to bundle together); hence (to pack up and take off, to plunder, rob). compingo -pingere -pegi -pactum, (to put together, construct); (to confine, lock up, conceal). Hence partic., compactus -a -um, (constructed, built); hence (firm, compact). compitalicius -a -um, (relating to the Compitalia). compitalis -e, (relating to or belonging to the crossroads); 'Lares', (the deities who, presided over crossroads). N. as subst. Compitalia -ium and -orum, (the, festival in honor of these deities). compitum -i, n. (a place where two roads meet, crossroads). complaceo -cere -cui or -citus sum, (1) (to please several persons at once). (2) (to please exceedingly). complano -are, (to level, raze). complector -plecti -plexus, dep. (to embrace, surround, encompass). Transf., (to hold fast, master; to, attach oneself to, esteem); of the mind, (to embrace, grasp, comprehend; to, unite in oneself, to include). complementum -i, n. (a complement). compleo -plere -plevi -pletum, (to fill up); milit., (to man, or to bring up to strength); of a sum, (to make, up); of fate, etc., (to fulfill); of a task, (to finish). Hence partic., completus -a -um, (perfect, complete). complexio -onis, f. (connection, combination); in rhetoric, (a summary or a period); in logic, (the statement of a syllogism or a dilemma). complexus -us, m. of persons, (embrace, grasp), either in love or in combat; of things, (compass or connection). complico -are, (to fold together);'complicata notio',(confused, intricate). comploratio -onis, f. (lamentation). comploratus -us, m. (lamentation). comploro -are, (to bewail, lament). complures -ium, (several). compluvium -i, n. (roofless space in the center of a Roman house). compono -ponere -posui -positum, (1) (to put together); esp. of unlike persons or things, either (to match as, opponents), or (to compare). (2) (to make up a whole, compose). (3) (to put in, place, arrange, settle); of enemies, (to reconcile). Hence partic. compositus, -a -um, (constructed, put together; arranged in order, settled); hence, (adapted) to a purpose. Adv. composite, (in an orderly way). comporto -are, (to bring together, collect). compos -potis, (having control of, possessed of, sharing in). compositio -onis, f. (putting together); of opponents, (matching; composing, compounding;, orderly arrangement, settlement). compositor -oris, m. (an arranger, adjuster). compositura -ae, f. (connection, joining). compositus -a -um, partic. from compono; q.v. compotatio -onis, f. (drinking party). compotor -oris, m. (a drinking companion). compotrix -icis, f. (a drinking companion). compransor -oris, m. (a dinner companion). comprecatio -onis, f. (supplication). comprecor -ari, dep. (to pray to or for, supplicate). comprehendo -prehendere -prehendi -prehensum and comprendo -prendere -prendi, prensum, (to grasp; to take together, unite); hence (to embrace, include; to take, firmly, seize); 'ignem', (to catch fire); often of persons, (to capture, arrest); of criminals, (to catch red-handed). Transf., (to comprehend, perceive). comprehensibilis -e, (comprehensible). comprehensio -onis, f. (1) (a taking together, uniting); rhet., (a period). (2) (seizing, arrest)., Transf., (comprehending, comprehension). comprendo, = comprehendo; q.v. compressio -onis, f. (an embrace; compression of style, conciseness). compressu, abl. sing. m. (by pressing together; by embracing). comprimo -primere -pressi -pressum, (to press together; to press tightly); hence (to embrace; to check, restrain, suppress). Hence compar. adv. compressius, (more (or rather) concisely). comprobatio -onis, f. (approval). comprobator -oris, m. (one who approves). comprobo -are, (1) (to approve fully). (2) (to confirm, prove, establish). compromissum -i, n. (reference to arbitrator). compromitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to agree to refer a cause to arbitration). comptus (1) -a -um, partic. from como; q.v. comptus (2) -us, m. (a head-dress; a band, tie). compungo -pungere -punxi -punctum, (to prick, puncture); hence (to tattoo). computo -are, (to reckon together, calculate, compute). computresco -ere, (to rot, putrefy). Comum -i, n. (a lake-side town in Cisalpine Gaul) (now Como). conamen -minis, n. (effort, endeavor); concr., (a support). conatum -i, n. (an undertaking). conatus -us, m. (an exertion, effort); sometimes (impulse, inclination; an undertaking). concaedes -ium, f. pl. (a barricade of trees). concalefacio -facere -feci -factum, (pass. concalefio), (to warm thoroughly). concalesco -calescere -calui, (to become thoroughly warm). concallesco -callescere -callui, (to become thoroughly hard); hence (to become practiced or callous). concavo -are, (to hollow out, make concave). concavus -a -um, (hollow, vaulted, arched, concave); 'aqua', (swelling). concedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, intransit., (to retire, withdraw); 'concedere vita', (to die); hence (to, yield, submit, give way to), with dat.: 'concedere naturae', (to die a natural, death); transit., (to yield, grant, give up); of faults, (to pardon, overlook); of actions, (to permit, allow). concelebro -are, (to visit often, or in large companies; to pursue an occupation eagerly; to, celebrate a festivity); also (to praise, extol) a person or thing. concenatio -onis, f. (supping together). concentio -onis, f. (singing together, harmony). concentus -us, m. (singing together, harmony); hence (agreement, unity, concord). conceptio -onis, f. (conception, becoming pregnant; drawing up of legal formulae). conceptus -us, m. (conceiving, pregnancy; collecting, or a collection). concerpo -cerpere -cerpsi -cerptum, (to tear to pieces).Transf.,(to abuse). concertatio -onis, f. (contest, strife, dispute). concertator -oris, m. (a rival). concertatorius -a -um, (relating to a contest). concerto -are, (to strive eagerly). concessio -onis, f. (yielding, granting). concessu, abl. sing. m. (by permission, with leave). concha -ae, f. (a sea-shell); hence (a shell-fish, esp. mussel or pearl-oyster or the fish, yielding purple dye); poet., (a pearl or purple dye). Transf., (a vessel like, a shell, e.g. a saltcellar or trumpet). conchyliatus -a -um, (dyed with purple or dressed in purple).2 conchylium -i, n. (a shell-fish, esp. a mussel or oyster, or the shell-fish which yielded the, purple dye): meton. (purple dye or a purple garment).2 concido (1) -cidere -cidi, (to fall down). Transf., (to sink, perish); of winds, (to subside); of, persons, (to be ruined, fail), esp. at law. concido (2) -cidere -cidi -cisum, (to cut up, cut down, destroy). Transf., (to ruin, strike down). Hence partic., concisus -a -um, (cut up small, brief, concise). Adv. concise. concieo -ciere -civi -citum and concio -ire, (1) (to collect, bring together). (2) (to move violently, excite, arouse, stir, up). conciliabulum -i, n. (a place of assembly). conciliatio -onis, f. (a bringing together, uniting, conciliating, causing of good-will);, sometimes (inclination). conciliator -oris, m. (one who brings about a result). conciliatrix -icis, f. (she who unites); hence (a match-maker). conciliatu, abl. sing. m., (by union, by connection). concilio -are, (to bring together, unite, reconcile, win over); hence of results, (to bring, about, cause). Hence partic. conciliatus -a - um, (won over, inclined, favorable). concilium -i, n. (bringing together, connection, assembling, union); esp. (an assembly for, deliberation, a council). concinnitas -atis, f. (elegance, harmony), esp. of style. concinnitudo -inis, f. (elegance, harmony), esp. of style. concinno -are, (to put together carefully, to arrange): hence (to produce, cause). concinnus -a -um, (well put together); hence (pleasing, elegant, neat), esp. of style. Adv., concinne, (elegantly). concino -cinere -cinui, intransit., (to sing in chorus, play together); hence (to agree in saying) and, in gen. (to agree); transit., of songs, (to sing together); of festivals, (to, celebrate); of the future, (to prophesy). concio (1), = concieo; q.v. concio (2) -onis, = contio; q.v. concipio -cipere -cepi -ceptum, (1) (to take together, contain, hold); of ideas, (to express in a certain form, of words). (2) (to take completely in, absorb); of fluids, (to suck in); of, fire, (to catch); of air, (to draw in); often also (to conceive). Transf., (to, take in, grasp by the senses or intellect; to conceive, imagine); of passions, (to begin to feel); of action, (to devise), esp. in bad sense. concisio -onis, f. (the breaking up of a clause into divisions). concisus -a -um, partic. from concido (2); q.v. concitatio -onis, f. (violent movement). Hence (tumult, sedition); also (disturbance of mind, passion). concitator -oris, m. (one who stirs up). concito -are, (to move violently, stir up, excite); 'equum calcaribus', (to spur to a, gallop); 'aciem', (to move forward the army). Hence in gen., (to stir up, incite); of results, (to cause, produce). Hence partic. concitatus -a -um, (quick, rapid; excited, violent, passionate). Adv. concitate, (excitedly). concitor -oris, m. (one who stirs up). conclamatio -onis, f. (loud or combined shouting). conclamo -are, (1) (to shout together or loudly); with ut, (to demand loudly that); with acc., of a dead person, (to bewail). (2) (to call together). conclave -is, n. (a room, chamber). concludo -cludere -clusi -clusum, (to shut up, enclose, confine). Hence (to include, comprise; to bring to an, end); in logic, (to argue, infer). Adv. from partic., concluse, (with well-, turned periods). conclusio -onis, f. (a shutting, closing); milit. (a blockade). Transf., (a close, conclusion);, rhet., (the conclusion of a speech, peroration or a period); in logic, (a, conclusion, consequence). conclusiuncula -ae, f. (a foolish inference). concolor -oris, (similar in color). concoquo -coquere -coxi -coctum, (to boil or cook thoroughly); hence (to digest). Transf., (to bear, endure, stomach; to consider well, deliberate upon). concordia -ae, f. (agreement, union, harmony). concorditer, adv. from concors; q.v. concordo -are, (to agree, be in harmony). concors -dis, one mind or opinion, agreeing, harmonious).Adv. concorditer. concrebresco -brescere -brui, (to increase). concredo -credere -credidi -creditum, (to entrust, commit). concremo -are, (to burn down, burn entirely). concrepo -are -ui -itum, intransit., (to rattle, creak, clash); 'digitis concrepare', (to snap the, fingers); transit., (to rattle, strike upon). concresco -crescere -crevi -cretum, (to grow, collect, be formed; to become stiff, congeal, harden). Hence perf., partic. concretus -a - um, (compounded, congealed, stiff). concretio -onis, f. (a growing together, congealing; matter). concrucio -are, (to torture violently). concubina -ae, f. (a concubine). concubinus -i, m. (a man living with a concubine). concubitus -us, m. (lying or reclining together); hence (copulation). concubius -a -um, in the phrase 'concubia nocte', (at the time of first sleep, at dead of, night). conculco -are, (to tread down, trample under foot). concumbo -cumbere -cubui -cubitum, (to lie or recline together (at table); to lie with, have intercourse with). concupisco -piscere -pivi or -pii -pitum, (to desire eagerly, covet, aim at). concurro -currere -curri (or -cucurri) -cursum, (to assemble hurriedly, flock to one spot; to rush together, clash); esp. (to, meet in conflict, engage). concursatio -onis, f. (running together, concourse); hence (coincidence); in gen., (running, about); milit., (skirmishing). concursator -oris, m. (a skirmisher). concursio -onis, f. (running together, concourse); rhet., (frequent repetition of a word). concurso -are, (to run about, rush to and fro); milit., (to skirmish). concursus -us, m. (running together, concourse, union; a rushing together, clashing; a, hostile encounter). concussu, abl. sing. m. (by shaking, by concussion). concutio -cutere -cussi -cussum, (to shake together, agitate, disturb).Hence, physically, (to shatter, impair);, of persons, (to shake the clothes of), and so (to examine); mentally, (to, alarm, trouble, excite). condecoro -are, (to adorn carefully). condemnator -oris, m. (one who causes condemnation, an accuser). condemno -are, (to condemn); of an accuser, (to urge or effect the condemnation of a person);, in gen., (to blame, disapprove). condenseo -ere, (to make thick, press close together). condenso -are, (to make thick, press close together). condensus -a -um, (dense, thick). condicio -onis, f. (an arrangement, agreement). Hence (1) (a condition, stipulation, provision; esp. conditions of marriage, marriage contract). (2) (state, condition, place, circumstance). condico -dicere -dixi -dictum, (to make arrangements, agree, fix, settle; esp. to agree to dine with a, person). condignus -a -um, (very worthy); adv. condigne. condimentum -i, n. (spice, seasoning, sauce, condiment). condio -ire: of fruits, etc., (to pickle, preserve); of corpses, (to embalm); in gen., (to season, temper). Hence partic. conditus -a -um, (seasoned, savory). condiscipula -ae, f. (a schoolfellow). condiscipulus -i, m. (a schoolfellow). condisco -discere -didici, (to learn thoroughly). conditio (1), = condicio; q.v. conditio (2) -onis, f. (pickling or seasoning). conditor -oris, m. (a founder); hence, in gen., (contriver, composer, author). conditorium -i, n. (the place in which a corpse or its ashes are preserved). condo -dere -didi -ditum, (1) (to build, found; form, establish); of literary work, (to compose, write), a poem, etc., and also (to write of) a subject. (2) (to put up, put away, safely, store, to hide, withdraw); of corpses, (to bury); of time, (to pass, dispose of). condocefacio -facere -feci -factum, (to train, instruct, teach). condolesco -dolescere -dolui, (to suffer severely, feel much pain). condonatio -onis, f. (a giving away). condono -are, (to give away, present, give up, sacrifice); of debts, (to excuse); of faults, (to overlook, forgive); sometimes (to forgive an injury for the sake of a, third party (dat.)). conduco -ducere -duxi -ductum, transit., (to bring or lead together, collect, unite, connect); as commercial, term, (to hire), also (to contract for, farm); intransit., (3rd person only), (to be of use, to profit, serve), (with dat.). conducticius -a -um, (hired). conductio -onis, f. (a bringing together, uniting); commerc., (hiring, farming). conductor -oris, m. (one who hires; a contractor). conduplico -are, (to double). conduro -are, (to harden). conecto -nectere -nexui -nexum, (to fasten, tie together, connect, join, unite). Hence partic. conexus -a -um, (joined, connected); n. as subst. (logical connection). conexio -onis, f. (binding together; logical sequence). conexus -us, m. (connection, union). confabulor -ari, dep. (to talk, converse). confarreatio -onis, f. (a Roman form of marriage). confarreo -are, (to marry by the ceremony of confarreatio). confatalis -e, (determined by the same fate). confectio -onis, f. (1) (production, completion); 'tributi', (complete exaction). (2), (consumption). confector -oris, m. (one who produces or completes; a destroyer, consumer). confercio -fercire -fertum, (to press close together, compress, cram together); usually in perf. partic., confertus -a -um, (compressed, dense); of troops, (in close formation); with, abl., (stuffed with, full of); adv. confertim, (compactly). confero -ferre -tuli -latum, (1) (to bring or put together, collect, concentrate); of money, etc. (to, contribute); milit., (to bring into contact or collision); 'pedem (cum pede)', (to fight foot to foot); 'signa conferre', (to engage); of speech and ideas, (to interchange, discuss); of diverse things, (to compare). (2) (to bring to), a particular place, sphere, task, etc.; 'se conferre', (to betake oneself, or, to devote oneself); in time, (to put off, postpone); of responsibility, (to, impute, attribute). confertus, see confercio. confervefacio -facere, (to make very hot, melt). confervesco -fervescere -ferbui, (to begin to boil or glow). confessio -onis, f. (a confession, acknowledgment). confessus -a -um, partic. from confiteor; q.v. confestim, (immediately, without delay). conficio -ficere -feci -fectum, (1) (to finish, make ready, bring about, accomplish); of arrangements, (to, conclude, settle); of time or space, (to complete, pass through); of results, (to produce, cause). (2) (to get together, obtain, win over). (3) (to use up, exhaust, consume); of food, (to chew, eat) and also (to digest); of property, (to waste); of living creatures, (to destroy, kill); in gen., (to weaken, wear, out), esp. of persons. Hence partic. conficiens -entis, (productive, efficient). confictio -onis, f. (a fabrication, invention). confidens, confidenter; see confido. confidentia -ae, f. (confidence); in bad sense, (impudence, boldness). confido -fidere -fisus sum, (to have complete trust in, be assured). Hence partic. confidens -entis, (confident, self-reliant); in bad sense, (bold, self-assured); adv., confidenter. configo -figere -fixi -fixum, (to fasten together; to pierce through,transfix, pin down). confingo -fingere -finxi -fictum, (to construct, fashion, fabricate). confinis -e, (having the same boundary, adjacent); m. as subst. (a neighbor). Transf., (closely allied, similar). confinium -i, n. (a confine, boundary, border). confirmatio -onis, f. (a thorough strengthening); of an institution, (a securing, making firm);, of a person,(consolation, encouragement, support); of a fact or statement, (confirmation, verification). confirmator -oris, m. (one who confirms). confirmo -are, (to make firm, strengthen, support); 'se confirmare', (to recover strength);, polit. (to ratify); of persons, (to strengthen in mind, encourage); of, assertions, either (to corroborate, establish) or (to affirm, state, positively). Hence partic. confirmatus -a - um, (encouraged, emboldened); of, things, (certain). confisco -are, (to lay up, preserve in a chest; to appropriate to the imperial treasury, to, confiscate). confisio -onis, f. (confidence, assurance). confiteor -fiteri -fessus, dep. (to confess, admit, acknowledge; to reveal, make known). Hence partic., confessus -a -um: in act. sense, (having confessed); pass., (undoubted, acknowledged, certain). * conflagro -are, (to blaze up, be well alight). conflictio -onis, f. (collision, conflict). conflicto -are, pass. or intransit., (to collide, contend); transit., (to harass); pass. (to, be harassed or tormented). conflictu, abl. sing. m. (by striking together). confligo -fligere -flixi -flictum, transit., (to strike or throw together; to bring together in order to, compare); intransit., (to collide, clash, come into conflict). conflo -are, (to blow up, blow into flame); of metals, (to melt or forge); of money, (to, coin). Transf., (to excite; to forge, fabricate, put together). confluo -fluere -fluxi, (to flow, stream or flock together). Partic. confluens -entis, (flowing, together); m. sing. of pl. as subst. (the confluence of two rivers); as a, place-name Confluentes, f. pl. (Coblenz). confodio -fodere -fodi -fossum, (to dig thoroughly; to stab, pierce through). conformatio -onis, f. (form, shape); 'vocis', (expression); 'verborum', (arrangement);, philosoph., (an idea); rhet., (a figure of speech). conformo -are, (to form, to put together, to adapt one thing to another). confragosus -a -um, (rugged, uneven); n. pl. as subst., (uneven places). confragus -a -um, = confragosus; q.v. confremo -fremere -fremui, (to murmur, make a noise). confrico -fricare -fricui -fricatum, (to rub hard). confringo -fringere -fregi -fractum, (to break to pieces; to destroy). confugio -fugere -fugi, (to fly, take refuge; to have recourse to). confugium -i, n. (a place of refuge). confulcio -fulcire -fultus, (to prop up). confundo -fundere -fudi -fusum, (to pour; to pour together, mingle, mix, join); hence (to confuse, throw into, disorder, trouble, disturb, upset). Hence partic. confusus -a -um, (disorderly, confused); mentally, (embarrassed, troubled). Adv. confuse. confusio -onis, f. (blending, union; confusion, disorder). confuto -are, (to check, repress); by speech, (to put down, silence). congelo -are, transit., (to freeze, harden, thicken); intransit., (to freeze up, become, inert). congemino -are, (to redouble). congemo -gemere -gemui, intransit., (to sigh or groan loudly); transit., (to bewail, lament). conger -gri, m. (a sea or conger eel). congeries -ei, f. (a heap, mass, esp. of wood); rhet., (accumulation). congero -gerere -gessi -gestum, (to bring together, collect, pile up, accumulate); esp. (to build up); in, discourse, (to bring together, comprise); of benefits, abuse, etc., (to heap, upon) a person. congesticius -a -um, (heaped up). congestus -us, m. (a heaping together); of birds, (the building of nests). Transf., (a heap, mass). congiarium -i, n. (a donation) (originally of wine, oil, etc.). congius -i, m. (a Roman liquid measure) (= six sextarii). conglacio -are, intransit. (to freeze, be inert); transit. (to turn to ice). conglobatio -onis, f. (a heaping or crowding together). conglobo -are, (to form into a ball, press tightly together). conglomero -are, (to roll, twist, entangle). conglutinatio -onis, f. (cementing together, connection). conglutino -are, (to cement together, connect, bind closely). congratulor -ari, dep. (to wish joy to, congratulate). congredior -gredi -gressus, dep. (to meet), esp. in conflict; in words, (to dispute, argue). congregabilis -e, (sociable, inclined to collect). congregatio -onis, f. (an assembling, society, union). congrego -are, (to collect into a flock or swarm); of men, (to gather together); with, reflex., or in pass., (to swarm, assemble). congressio -onis, f. (meeting, intercourse, association). congressus -us, m. (a meeting); either (a friendly meeting, social intercourse) or (a hostile, encounter, combat). congruentia -ae, f. (agreement, symmetry, proportion). congruo -uere -ui, (to run together, come together, meet); in time, (to coincide); in gen., (to, be suited to, correspond with, agree). Hence partic. congruens -entis, (agreeing, fit, appropriate, suitable); 'concentus', (harmonious, uniform);, 'clamor', (unanimous). Adv. congruenter, (agreeably, suitably). congruus -a -um, (agreeing, fit, suitable). conicio -icere -ieci -iectum, (to throw together; to cast lots); mentally, (to put two and two together, conjecture, guess; to interpret dreams, etc.); in gen., (to throw, hurl); 'se, conicere', (to betake oneself, flee); of abstract things, (to bring up, bring, in); of money, (to throw away). coniectio -onis, f. (hurling, throwing; conjectural interpretation). coniecto -are, (to throw together); hence (to put two and two together; conclude, infer, guess). coniector -oris, m. (an interpreter). coniectura -ae, f. (a guess, conjecture, inference; interpretation of dreams and omens, divination). coniecturalis -e, (conjectural). coniectus -us, m. (a throwing or throwing together). conifer -fera -ferum, (cone-bearing). coniger -gera -gerum, (cone-bearing). conitor -niti -nisus or -nixus, dep. (to lean or press hard; to make a great effort, physical or mental);, transit., of offspring, (to bring forth with difficulty). coniugalis -e, (of marriage, conjugal). coniugatio -onis, f. (etymological connection of words). coniugator -oris, m. (one who connects). coniugialis -e, (of marriage, conjugal). coniugium -i, n. (a close connection, union); esp. (marriage, wedlock); meton. (a husband or, wife). coniugo -are, (to bind together, connect). coniunctio -onis, f. (uniting, joining together, connection). grammat., (a connecting particle, conjunction); of persons, (union, association, connection (esp. by blood or, marriage)). coniungo -iungere -iunxi -iunctum, (to join together, connect, unite); 'amicitias', (to form); esp. (to unite, persons by marriage, friendship, alliance, etc.). Hence partic. coniunctus -a, -um, (connected, joined, agreeing, allied); of place, with dat. (bordering on, near); of time, (contemporary); of persons, (connected) by blood or marriage, or friendship. N. as subst., (an inherent property or quality); rhet., (connection). Adv. coniuncte, (conjointly, in connection; intimately, on, friendly terms); coniunctim, (conjointly, in common). coniunx (coniux) -iugis, c. (a husband or wife); poet., (a betrothed virgin, bride). coniuratio -onis, f. (a union confirmed by an oath); in bad sense, (conspiracy, plot); meton., (conspirators). coniuro -are, (to take an oath together);in bad sense, (to plot, conspire); perf. partic., (in act. sense) coniuratus -a -um, (sworn, united by oath); m. pl. as subst., (conspirators). coniux, = coniunx; q.v. coniveo -nivere -nivi or -nixi, (to close the eyes, wink, blink). Transf., (to wink at, let pass). conlabefacto -are, (to cause to totter, to soften up). conlabefio -fieri -factus, (to be made to totter, to be softened or broken). conlabor -labi -lapsus, dep. (to fall or sink down, collapse; to fall down in a swoon or death). conlaceratus -a -um, (much lacerated or torn). conlacrimatio -onis, f. (a weeping together). conlacrimo -are, (to weep together or weep much); transit., (to weep for). conlacteus -i, m. (a foster-brother). conlactea -ae, f. (a foster-sister). conlatio -onis, f. (a bringing together); 'signorum', (a battle); of money, (a contribution, collection). Transf. (a comparison, simile, analogy). conlatus -a -um, partic. from confero; q.v. conlaudatio -onis, f. (strong praise). conlaudo -are, (to praise very much). conlaxo -are, (to widen, extend). conlecta -ae, f. (a contribution in money). conlecticius -a -um, (gathered together); 'exercitus', (quickly levied). conlectio -onis, f. (a gathering together, collection); rhet. (a brief recapitulation); in, logic, (a conclusion, inference). conlega -ae, m. (a colleague, partner in office); in gen.(an associate). conlegium -i, n.; abstr., (colleagueship); concr., (persons united as colleagues, a body, guild, corporation, college). conlibertus -i, m. (a fellow-freedman). conlibet or conlubet -bere -buit or -bitum est, impers., (it pleases, is agreeable). conlido -lidere -lisi -lisum, (to strike or dash together, to bring into hostile collision). conligatio -onis, f. (a binding together, connection). conligo (1) -ligere -legi -lectum, (to gather or bring together, collect); poet., (to gather into a smaller, space, contract); 'conligere se' or 'animum' or 'mentem', (to compose oneself, gain courage); in the mind, (to put together), hence (to infer, conclude). conligo (2) -are, (to bind, tie, fasten together, connect); sometimes (to detain, hinder, tie, down). conlineo -are, (to direct in a straight line). conlino -linere -levi -litum, (to besmear, bedaub). conliquefactus -a -um, (liquefied, melted). conlocatio -onis, f. (a placing, arrangement); esp. (a giving in marriage). conloco -are, (to place, lay, set, arrange); of time, money, etc. (to lay out, employ, spend); of persons, (to settle, place); of troops, (to billet, quarter); of, women, (to settle in marriage). conlocupleto -are, (to enrich). conlocutio -onis, f. (conversation). conloquium -i, n. (talk, conversation, conference). conloquor -loqui -locutus, dep. (to speak to, converse with, to treat or negotiate with). conluceo -ere, (to shine on all sides, be completely illuminated). conludo -ludere -lusi -lusum, (to play with; to have a secret understanding with, to act in collusion). conluo -luere -lui -lutum, (to wash thoroughly, rinse). conlusio -onis, f. (secret understanding). conlusor -oris, m. (a play-fellow; a fellow-gambler). conlustro -are, illuminate on all sides; to survey, look at on all sides). conluvio -onis, f. (collection of impurities, filth); of people, (scum, rabble). conluvies -ei, f. (collection of impurities, filth); of people, (scum, rabble). conm-, see comm-. conn-, see con-. conopeum or conopium -i, n. (a mosquito net). conor -ari, dep. (to undertake, try, strive). conp-, see comp-. conquassatio -onis, f. (a violent shaking). conquasso -are, (to shake thoroughly, shatter). conqueror -queri -questus, dep. (to complain loudly (of)). conquestio -onis, f. (a loud complaint). conquestu, abl. sing. m. (by loud complaint). conquiesco -quiscere -quievi -quietum, take rest, repose, be still, stop). conquiro -quirere -quisivi -quisitum, (to seek out, get together). Hence partic. conquisitus -a -um, (carefully, sought out, chosen, costly). conquisitio -onis, f. (search, collection); of soldiers, (levying, conscription). conquisitor -oris, m. (a recruiting officer). conr-, see corr-. consaepio -saepire -saepsi -saeptum, (to fence round, hedge in); n. of partic. as subst. consaeptum -i, (an, enclosure). consalutatio -onis, f. (mutual salutation). consaluto -are, (to greet (mutually), hail, salute). consanesco -sanescere -sanui, (to become healthy, get well). consanguineus -a -um, (related by blood, brotherly, sisterly); m. as subst., (brother); f., (sister); m. plur., (relations). consanguinitas -atis, f. (relationship by blood, consanguinity). conscelero -are, (to defile with crime); partic. consceleratus -a -um, (villainous, depraved). conscendo -scendere -scendi -scensum, (to ascend, mount, go up); 'equum', (to mount on horseback); naut. (with or, without 'navem', etc.), (to go on board ship, embark). conscensio -onis, f. (embarkation). conscientia -ae, f. (knowledge shared with others, ”being in the know”, joint knowledge;, knowledge shared with oneself, i.e. consciousness, esp. of right and wrong, a, good or a bad conscience). conscindo -scindere -scidi -scissum, (to tear to pieces). conscio -ire, (to be conscious of evil). conscisco -sciscere -scivi and -scii -scitum, (to agree on, resolve, decree; to inflict upon oneself (with or without, 'sibi')). conscius -a -um, (sharing knowledge with others, privy to a thing, cognizant of); m. or f. as, subst., (an accomplice, fellow-conspirator); (sharing knowledge with oneself, i.e. conscious, esp. of right and wrong). conscribo -scribere -scripsi -scriptum, (to enter on a list, enroll); of troops, (to levy); 'patres conscripti', ('patres et conscripti'), (senators); (to write, compose); of physicians, (to, prescribe; to write all over an object). conscriptio -onis, f. (writing, composition). conseco -secare -secui -sectum, (to cut up, dismember). consecratio -onis, f. (dedication, consecration); of dead emperors, (apotheosis). consecro -are, (to consecrate); sometimes (to dedicate to the gods below, to curse); of, persons, (to deify); in gen., (to make holy or immortal). consectarius -a -um, (following logically, consequent); n. pl. as subst., (logical conclusions, inferences). consectatio -onis, f. (eager pursuit, striving after). consectatrix -icis, f. (an eager pursuer, devoted friend). consectio -onis, f. (cutting to pieces). consector -ari, dep. (to follow, pursue eagerly; to make for, try to join, imitate, attain);, in hostile sense, (to chase, hunt). consecutio -onis, f.: philosoph., (an effect, consequence); rhet., (order, connection, arrangement). consenesco -senescere -senui, (to become old, lose one's strength, decay). consensio -onis, f. (agreement, harmony, consent); in bad sense, (plot, conspiracy). consensus -us, m. (agreement, concord); abl. consensu, (unanimously); in bad sense, (secret, agreement, conspiracy). consentaneus -a -um, (agreeing, fit, suitable); 'consentaneum est', (it is reasonable or, suitable). consentio -sentire -sensi -sensum; of physical sensation, (to feel together); of thought or sentiment, (to agree, assent, resolve, unanimously); with acc. 'bellum', (to resolve upon war); in bad sense, (to, plot, conspire); of things, (to agree, harmonize). Hence partic. consentiens, -entis, (harmonious). consepio, = consaepio; q.v. consequentia -ae, f. (a consequence, succession). consequia -ae, f. = consequentia; q.v. consequor -sequi -secutus, dep. (1) (to follow, go after); in hostile sense, (to pursue; to follow in, time, follow logically, result). (2) (to follow right up, reach, obtain, catch, get); of states and events, (to befall, happen to) a person; in speech, or thought, (to understand, grasp). Hence partic. consequens -entis, (appropriate, consequent); n. as subst. (a logical consequence). consero (1) -serere -sevi -situm, (to sow, plant). Transf., (to cover). consero (2) -serere -serui -sertum, (to connect, join, twine together); milit., (to join in conflict), esp. 'manum, (or manus) conserere', (to engage). Hence, from partic., adv. conserte, (connectedly). conserva -ae, f. (fellow slave). conservatio -onis, f. (preservation, keeping, laying up). conservator -oris, m. (preserver). conservo -are, (to keep, preserve, maintain). Pres. partic. as adj., conservans -antis, (preserving). conservus -i, m. (fellow slave). consessor -oris, m. (one who sits near, a neighbor); in court, (an assessor). consessus -us, m. (assembly). consideratio -onis, f. (consideration, contemplation). considero -are, (to look at, regard carefully, contemplate); mentally, (to consider, reflect, upon). Hence partic. consideratus -a -um; pass.,(well weighed, deliberate);, act. of persons, (cautious, circumspect). Adv. considerate, (thoughtfully, carefully). consido -sidere -sedi -sessum, (to sit down, to settle); esp. (to sit down in an assembly or court); milit., (to take up one's position or encamp). Transf., of things,(to settle, sink, subside; to be overcome or neglected); of ideas, (to sink in); of feelings, (to subside) consigno -are, (to seal; to vouch for, authenticate; to record). consiliarius -a -um, (deliberating); m. as subst. (an adviser, assessor, interpreter). consiliator -oris, m. (counsellor, adviser). consilior -ari, dep. (to consult, take counsel; to give counsel, advise). consilium -i, n. (1) (deliberation, consultation); meton., (persons in consultation, an, assembly, council);as a quality, (judgement, understanding). (2) (a, resolution, plan); abl., consilio, (intentionally, designedly). (3) (advice, suggestion). consimilis -e, (exactly similar). consipio -sipere, (to be in one's right mind). consisto -sistere -stiti -stitum, (to take one's stand, place oneself; to stand still, stop; to be posted or to, halt). Transf., of things, (to fall to, come upon, rest on; to stop, stay; to, stand firm); with abl. etc., (to consist, be formed of). consitio -onis, f. (sowing, planting). consitor -oris, m. (sower, planter). consitura -ae, f. (sowing, planting). consobrina -ae, f. (cousin (on the mother's side)). consobrinus -i, m. (cousin (on the mother's side)). consociatio -onis, f. (union, connection). consocio -are, (to unite, connect, share, make common). Hence paric. consociatus -a -um, (united, harmonious). consolabilis -e, (consolable). consolatio -onis, f. (consolation, encouragement, alleviation; consoling words). consolator -oris, m. (consoler). consolatorius -a -um, (consolatory). consolor -ari, dep.: of persons, (to console, comfort, encourage); of things, (to alleviate, lighten). consono -sonare -sonui, (1) (to sound together); hence (to harmonize, agree). (2) (to resound, echo). consonus -a -um, (sounding together, harmonious, accordant, suitable). consopio -ire, (to lull to sleep, stupefy). consors -sortis, act., (sharing in, partaking of); as subst., (brother or sister); as adj., (brotherly, sisterly); pass., (shared). consortio -onis, f. (companionship, partnership). consortium -i, n. (partnership, participation). conspectus (1) -a -um, partic. form conspicio; q.v. conspectus (2) -us, m.: act., (seeing, looking, sight, view); hence (mental view, survey); pass., (appearance). conspergo -spergere -spersi -spersum, (to sprinkle or moisten by sprinkling). conspicio -spicere -spexi -spectum, (to catch sight of, behold, perceive; to look at with attention, watch);, pass., conspici, (to attract notice, be gazed at). Transf., (to see mentally, understand). Hence partic. conspectus -a -um, (visible; striking, remarkable, conspicuous). Gerundive conspiciendus -a -um, (worth looking at, notable). conspicor -ari, dep. (to catch sight of, perceive). conspicuus -a -um, (visible; remarkable, striking, conspicuous). conspiratio -onis, f. (blowing or breathing together; harmony, agreement, union); in bad sense, (conspiracy, plot). conspiro -are, (to blow or breathe together); of instruments, (to blow together, sound, together). Transf., (to agree, harmonize in opinion and feeling); in bad, sense, (to conspire). Hence partic. conspiratus -a um, (sworn together, united, by oath); m. as subst., (a conspirator). consponsor -oris, m. (a joint surety). conspuo -spuere, (to spit upon). conspurco -are, (to cover with dirt, defile). consputo -are, (to spit upon). constans -antis, partic. from consto; q.v. constantia -ae, f. (steadiness, firmness). consternatio -onis, f. (fear, alarm, dismay, confusion; mutiny, tumult). consterno (1) -sternere -stravi -stratum, (to strew, scatter, cover by strewing). Hence partic. constratus -a -um, esp., 'constrata navis', (a decked ship); n. as subst., (flooring, deck). consterno (2) -are, (to throw into confusion, alarm, frighten; to stampede). constipo -are, (to press, crowd together). constituo -stituere -stitui -stitutum, (to cause to stand, set up, place, establish, settle); milit., (to post, station, arrange, bring to a halt; to settle people in homes or quarters; to, found, set up buildings, etc.). Transf., (to appoint a person to an office; to, settle, fix upon an amount, time, etc.: to decide about a fact, decide that;, to decide on a course of action, decide to). Hence partic. constitutus -a -um, (arranged, settled); n. as subst., (anything arranged, settled or agreed, upon). constitutio -onis, f. (the act of settling; settled condition, disposition; a regulation, order, ordinance); rhet., (the issue, point in dispute). consto -stare -stiti -statum, (1) (to stand together); hence (to be composed, consist; to depend upon, rest, upon; to correspond, be consistent (with dat.)); with abl., (to cost). (2) (to, stand firm, stand still; to remain the same, be unaltered); of resolves, (to, be fixed, firm); of evidence, facts, etc., (to be established, sure, well-, known); impers. constat, (it is agreed); in gen., (to exist). Hence partic., constans -antis, (steady, firm, unchanging, constant, consistent, resolute);, adv. constanter, (steadily, firmly). constringo -stringere -strinxi -strictum, (to bind together, bind fast, confine, restrain); in speech, (to compress, abbreviate). constructio -onis, f. (putting together, building, construction). construo -struere -struxi -structum, (to heap up together; to construct, build up; to arrange). constuprator -oris, m. (a ravisher, debaucher). constupro -are, (to debauch, ravish, corrupt). consuasor -oris, m. (an adviser). consuefacio -facere -feci -factum, (to accustom, habituate). consuesco -suescere -suevi -suetum, transit., (to accustom, habituate); intransit., (to accustom oneself); in, perf., consuevi, (I am accustomed); 'cum homine', (to cohabit with a person)., Hence partic. consuetus -a -um: of persons, (accustomed to); of things, (accustomed, usual). consuetudo -inis, f. (custom, usage, habit); of relations with persons, (intimacy, familiar, acquaintance); of lovers, (intrigue). consuetus -a -um, partic. from consuesco; q.v. consul -sulis, m. (a consul); plur., consules, (the consuls, the two chief magistrates at, Rome under the Republic); 'consul designatus', (consul elect); 'pro consule', (an officer in the place of a consul, a proconsul, e.g. a governor of a, province). consularis -e, (1) (relating to a consul, consular). (2) (having been a consul); m. as, subst., (an ex-consul, or provincial governor of consular rank). Adv., consulariter, (in a manner worthy of a consul). consulatus -us, m. (the office of consul, consulship). consulo -sulere -sului -sultum, (1) (to reflect, consider, consult); with dat., (to look to the interests of);, as a result of deliberation, (to come to a conclusion, to take measures);, 'boni (or optimi) consulere', (to take in good part). (2) (to ask the advice, of, consult). Hence partic. consultus -a -um: of things, (well considered, deliberated upon); of persons, (experienced (with genit.)). N. as subst., consultum -i, (the act of deliberation, reflection, consideration; the result, of deliberation, a resolution, plan, decision; esp. a decree of the senate at, Rome). Abl. as adv. consulto, (deliberately, designedly). Adv. consulte, (advisedly, after consideration). consultatio -onis, f., (a full consideration, deliberation; an asking for advice, inquiry). consulto -are, (1) (to consider maturely, weigh, ponder); with dat., (to look to the, interests of). (2) (to consult, ask advice of). consultor -oris, m. (1) (an adviser). (2) (one who asks advice, esp. legal advice; a client). consummatio -onis, f. (a summing up, adding up; a finishing, completion). consummo -are, (to add together, sum up; to form a whole, complete, perfect). Hence partic., comsummatus -a -um, (complete, perfect). consumo -sumere -sumpsi -sumptum, (to spend, employ) on a purpose; in gen., (to use up, finish, waste away, destroy). consuo -suere -sui -sutum, (to stitch or put together; to form). consurgo -surgere -surrexi -surrectum, (to rise up, stand up), esp. to speak, or as a mark of respect. Transf., of, persons, (to be aroused to action); of things, (to arise, break out). consurrectio -onis, f. (a general standing up). contabesco -tabescere -tabui, (to waste away gradually). contabulatio -onis, f. (planking, floor, story). contabulo -are, (to cover with boards, equip with floors or storys). contactus -us, m. (contact, touching; contagion). contages -is, f. (touch, contact). contagio -onis, f. (touching, contact); hence (contagion, infection). contagium -i, n. (touching, contact); hence (contagion, infection). contamino -are, (to pollute, infect); of authors, (to blend (and so to spoil) Greek plays). contego -tegere -texi -tectum, (to cover, shield). contemno -temnere -tempsi -temptum, (to think meanly of, despise, contemn). Hence partic. contemptus -a -um, (despised; despicable, contemptible). contemplatio -onis, f. (surveying, contemplation). contemplor -ari, dep. (to mark out); hence (to look at attentively, survey, regard; to consider, carefully). contemptim, (contemptuously). contemptio -onis, f. (contempt, scorn, disdain). contemptor -oris, m. (a despiser). contemptrix -ricis, f., adj. and subst., (a despiser, contemptuous). contemptus (1) -a -um, partic. from contemno; q.v. contemptus (2) -us, m. (contempt, disdain). contendo -tendere -tendi -tentum, (to strain, stretch, exert); of missiles, (to shoot, cast); intransit., (to, strive, strain, exert oneself, hasten); of statement, (to assert with, confidence, maintain).In relation to another: transit., (to compare, contrast); intransit., (to compete). Hence partic. contentus -a -um, (strained, stretched, tense; eager, zealous). Adv. contente, (eagerly, earnestly). contente (1), adv. from contendo; q.v. contente (2), adv. from contineo; q.v. contentio -onis, f. (exertion, effort, straining, striving). In relation to another, (contrast, comparison); or (combat, contest, strife). contentus (1) -a -um, partic. from contendo; q.v. contentus (2) -a -um, partic. from contineo; q.v. conterminus -a -um, (bordering upon, adjacent, near). contero -terere -trivi -tritum, (to rub away, grind, pound); in gen., (to wear away, destroy, obliterate); of, time, (to consume, spend). conterreo -ere, (to terrify, frighten much). contestor -ari, dep. (to call to witness); 'litem', (to start an action by calling witnesses);, partic. contestatus -a -um, in pass. sense, (witnessed to, approved). contexo -texere -texui -textum, (to weave or twine together, connect, unite, construct, form). Hence partic., contextus -a -um, (interwoven, connected, united). Adv. contexte, (in close, connection). contextus (1) -a -um, partic. from contexo; q.v. contextus (2) -us, m. (uniting, connection). conticesco (conticisco) -ticescere -ticui, (to become silent, be stilled, abate). contignatio -onis, f. (floor of planks). contigno -are, (to floor with planks). contiguus -a -um, (touching, contiguous, near); with dat., (within reach of). continens -entis, partic. from contineo; q.v. continentia -ae, f. (self-control, moderation, temperance). contineo -tinere -tinui -tentum, (1) (to hold together, keep together); hence (to connect, join). (2) (to keep, in, surround, contain, confine); hence (to include, comprise). (3) (to hold, back, constrain).Hence pres. partic. continens -entis. (1) (lying near, adjacent). (2) (hanging together, unbroken, continuous); f. as subst., (a, continent); n. as subst., rhet., (a main point). (3) (self-controlled, temperate, continent). Adv. continenter, (without break, continuously;, continently, temperately). Partic. contentus -a -um, (contented, satisfied), (with abl.). contingo -tingere -tigi -tactum, transit., (to touch, reach, grasp; to touch with something, smear or sprinkle, with); hence (to affect, infect) (esp. in perf. partic.); geograph. (to border, on); intransit., (to happen, befall), usually of good luck (with dat.). continuatio -onis, f. (unbroken continuance or succession); rhet., (a period). continuitas -atis, f. (continuity, unbroken succession). continuo (1), adv. from continuus; q.v. continuo (2) -are, (to connect up, unite, make continuous, form into a series); 'verba', (to make, into a sentence);'magistratum', (to prolong). continuus -a -um, up, hanging together, continuous, uninterrupted). N. abl. as adv. continuo, (immediately, at once);in argument,(necessarily, as an immediate, consequence). contio -onis, f. (an assembly, public meeting). Transf. (a speech made in such an assembly, or the speaker's platform). contionabundus -a -um, (haranguing, speaking in public). contionalis -e, (relating to a public assembly). contionarius -a -um, (relating to a public assembly). contionator -oris, m. (a popular orator, demagogue). contionor -ari, dep. (to attend an assembly); esp. (to speak in a public assembly). contiuncula -ae, f. (a short harangue). contorqueo -torquere -torsi -tortum, twist, whirl, turn violently, contort; to whirl) a spear, etc. in throwing, and so (to hurl). Hence partic. contortus -a -um. (1) (intricate, confused, complicated). (2) (whirling); so (powerful, vigorous). Adv., contorte,(intricately). contortio -onis, f. (whirling, twisting, intricacy). contra, Adv., (opposite, over against, on the opposite side); of equivalence, (in, return, back); of difference, (otherwise); of opposition,(against). Prep. with, acc., (opposite to, over against; against, in opposition to). contractio -onis, f. (drawing together, contraction); 'orationis', (abbreviation); 'animi', (anxiety, depression). contractus -a -um, partic. from contraho; q.v. contradico -dicere -dixi -dictum, (to gainsay, contradict). contradictio -onis, f. (a speaking against, contradiction). contraho -trahere -traxi -tractum, (1) (to draw together, collect, unite; to conclude or complete) any, arrangement; in gen., (to cause, bring on, bring about); 'aes alienum', (to, contract debt). (2) (to shorten, narrow, contract, reduce); 'frontem', (to, frown); 'vela', (to furl one's sails); of the spirits, (to depress). Hence, partic. contractus -a -um, (contracted, narrowed, straitened); of persons, (retired, quiet). contrarius -a -um, (opposite, opposed, contrary); 'vulnera', (wounds in front); with genit. or, dat. (opposed to); in gen. (hostile,injurious). N. as subst. contrarium -i, (the opposite); 'ex contrario', (on the other side). Adv. contrarie, (in an, opposite direction or manner). contrectatio -onis, f. (touching, handling). contrecto -are, (to touch, feel, handle); of familiar handling, (to violate); mentally, (to, consider). contremisco -tremiscere -tremui, intransit., (to tremble, quake); transit., (to tremble before, be afraid of). contremo -ere, (to tremble, quake). contribuo -tribuere -tribui -tributum, (to brigade with, incorporate, unite); of contributions, (to bring in). contristo -are, (to make sad or gloomy). contritus -a -um, partic. from contero; q.v. controversia -ae, f. (a dispute) esp. at law; 'sine controversia', (indisputably). controversiosus -a -um, (strongly disputed). controversus -a -um, (disputed, controverted). contrucido -are, (to cut in pieces, hew down, slay). contrudo -trudere -trusi -trusum, (to thrust, push together). contrunco -are, (to cut in pieces). contubernalis -is, c. (1) (a messmate, comrade). (2) (a young staff-officer). contubernium -i, n. Concrete, (a soldier's tent; the common dwelling of a male and female, slave). Abstract, (comradeship, companionship, intimacy; concubinage; junior, staff duties). contueor -tueri -tuitus, dep. (to see, survey, look at attentively);mentally, (to consider, reflect, upon). contuitu (contutu), abl. sing. m., (by surveying). contumacia -ae, f. (firmness, stubbornness, obstinacy). contumax -acis, (firm, stubborn, obstinate); adv. contumaciter. contumelia -ae, f. (outrage, physical violence); of speech, (insult, affront). contumeliosus -a -um, adj. (outrageous, insulting, abusive); adv. contumeliose. contumulo -are, (to bury, inter). contundo -tundere -tudi -tusum, (to bruise, crush, pound, beat up, break up, demolish). contuor -i, = contueor; q.v. conturbatio -onis, f. (disorder, confusion). conturbo -are, (to throw into disorder, disturb, distress; to ruin, make bankrupt). contus -i, m. (a pole used in boating; a long spear or pike). conubium -i, n. (marriage; intermarriage). conus -i, m. (a cone; the apex of a helmet). convalesco -valescere -valui, (to become strong, establish oneself); esp. (to recover from a disease, get, well). convallis -is, f. (an enclosed valley). convaso -are, (to pack up baggage). convecto -are, (to bring together, collect). convector -oris, m. (a fellow-traveller). conveho -vehere -vexi -vectum, (to bring together, carry into one place). convello -vellere -velli -vulsum, (to pluck up, pull away, wrench off); milit., 'convellere signa', (to decamp);, in gen., (to weaken, overthrow, destroy). convena -ae, c.: adj., (coming together); as subst., in plur., (a concourse, assembled, multitude). convenientia -ae, f. (agreement, harmony, conformity). convenio -venire -veni -ventum, (1) (to meet): intransit.,(to come together, assemble); legal, 'convenire in, manum', of the wife, (to come into the power of her husband); transit., (to, visit, meet, call upon). (2) (to be fit, be suitable, be congenial); impers., 'convenit', (it is fitting). (3) (to agree); usually in pass. sense, (to be, agreed upon); impers., 'convenit', (it is agreed). Hence partic. conveniens, -entis, (agreeing, unanimous, concordant; fit, appropriate, suitable); adv., convenienter, (agreeably, suitably). N. of perf. partic. as subst., conventum, -i, (an agreement, compact). conventiculum -i, n. (a coming together, assembly, association; a place of meeting). conventio -onis, f. (assembly; agreement, compact). conventum, see convenio. conventus -us, m. (coming together, assembly, union, congress); 'conventus agere', (to hold, assizes); in gen., (agreement). converro -verrere -verri -versum, (to sweep together, brush up; to beat thoroughly; to scrape together). conversatio -onis, f. (frequent use); esp. (frequent sojourn in a place, or regular dealings with, a person). conversio -onis, f. (a turning round, alteration, or periodical return); rhet., (rounding off, of a period, or repetition of word at the end of a clause). converso -are, (to turn round often); pass., in middle sense, (to live, consort, have, dealings). converto -vertere -verti -versum, (1) (to turn round, whirl round); 'se convertere, (to revolve, to turn back);, milit., 'signa convertere', (to wheel round); 'terga', or 'se', convertere., (to flee). Transf., (to change, alter); of books, (to translate). (2) (to turn, in any direction, direct); 'conversus ad', (facing). Transf., (to direct, devote) (esp. with reflex.; rarely intransit.); 'pecuniam publicam domum', (to, embezzle). convestio -ire, (to clothe; cover, surround). convexus -a -um, (1) (vaulted, arched, convex); n. as subst., (arch). (2) (sloping downward). conviciator -oris, m. (a railer, reviler). convicior -ari, dep. (to rail, revile). convicium -i, n. (a loud cry, shout, clamor); esp. (abuse, reproach, insult); hence, in, gen., (censure, reproof). convictio -onis, f. (intercourse, familiarity); meton., (familiar friends). convictor -oris, m. (a constant associate). convictus -us, m. (living together, intercourse; entertainment, feast). convinco -vincere -vici -victum, (to convict of a crime; to prove mistaken); of things, esp. crimes or, mistakes, (to prove anything conclusively, to demonstrate). conviso -ere, (to examine carefully); poet. (to beam upon). conviva -ae, m. (guest). convivalis -e, (of a feast). convivator -oris, m. (a host). convivium -i, n. (a feast, entertainment, banquet); meton., (the company assembled, guests). convivo -vivere -vixi -victum, (to live with, feast with). convivor -ari, dep. (to feast) (as a guest). convocatio -onis, f. (calling together). convoco -are, (to call together, assemble, convoke). convolo -are, (to fly together, run together). convolvo -volvere -volvi -volutum, (to roll together or roll round; to intertwine). convomo -ere, (to vomit all over). convulsus -a -um, partic. of convello; q.v. cooperio -operire -operui -opertum, (to cover up, envelop, overwhelm); 'lapidibus', (to stone to death). cooptatio -onis, f. (election of a colleague, co-optation); 'censoria', (filling up of the, senate by the censors). coopto -are, (to choose, elect, co-opt). coorior -oriri -ortus, dep. (to arise, come forth together); of things, (to appear, to break out); of, people, (to rise for insurrection or fight). coortus -us, m. (arising, breaking forth). Coos, (Cous) = Cos; q.v. cophinus -i, m. (basket, hamper). copia -ae, f. (plenty, abundance) (of persons or things); milit., (supplies, provisions);, also (troops, forces) (esp. plur.). Transf., (means, opportunity); with genit., of person, (access to). copiosus -a -um, (richly provided, wealthy; plentiful, abundant); of speech, (copious, eloquent). Adv. copiose, (abundantly, plentifully, copiously). copo, copona = caupo, caupona; q.v. copula -ae, f. (a link, bond, tie, connection; a rope, a leash); plur. (grapnels). copulatio -onis, f. (union, connection). copulo -are, (to join together, unite, connect). Hence partic. copulatus -a -um, (connected, united, coupled). coquo coquere coxi coctum, cook, prepare food; to burn, ripen; to digest); mentally,(to think of, meditate, contrive) a thing; (to harass) a person. coquus (cocus) -i, m. and coqua -ae, f. (a cook). cor cordis, n. (the heart); often as seat of emotions or thought, (heart, mind, judgment);, meton., (a person). coram, Adv. (personally, openly, face to face). Prep. with abl., (in the presence, of). corbis -is, m. and f. (a wicker basket). corbita -ae, f. (a slow-sailing merchant vessel). corculum -i, n. (little heart). Corcyra -ae, f. (Corcyra, an island in the Ionian Sea). cordatus -a -um, (prudent, wise); adv. cordate. Corduba -ae, f. (a town in Hispania Baetica) (now Cordova). Corinthus -i, f. (Corinth, a city of Greece). Corioli -orum, m. pl. (a town of the Volsci in Latium); adj. Coriolanus -a -um. corium -i, n. (hide, skin, leather; a leather thong, strap). Cornelius -a -um, (name of a Roman gens, including the Scipios). Adj. Cornelianus -a um. corneolus -a -um, (horny). corneus (1) -a -um, (horny, made of horn; like horn, hard). corneus (2) -a -um, (of cornel tree; of cornel wood). cornicen -cinis, m. (a horn-blower). corniculum -i, n. (a little horn; a horn-shaped decoration for soldiers). corniger -gera -gerum, (horned). cornipes -pedis, (horn-footed, hoofed). cornix -icis, f. (crow). cornu -us, n. (a horn); fig., (strength, courage; anything made of horn, esp. a bow, trumpet, lantern; anything resembling a horn esp. a hoof, beak, tip of a, helmet, end of a stick or spar, end of a promontory, wing of an army). Cornucopia -ae, f. (the horn of Amalthea, symbol of plenty). cornum -i, n. (the cornel-cherry); meton., (a spear of cornel wood). cornus -i (and -us), f. (the cornel tree); hence (the wood of the cornel tree, a spear of cornel, wood). cornutus -a -um, (horned). corolla -ae, f. (a little crown). corollarium -i, n. (a garland of flowers; a present, gratuity). corona -ae, f. (garland, chaplet, crown); 'sub corona vendere', (to sell into slavery, prisoners of war (wearing chaplets)). Transf., (anything resembling a crown; a, constellation; a circle of people, audience); milit., (besiegers (or, defenders) of a city). coronarius -a -um, (of a garland). corono -are, (to wreath, crown with a garland; to surround, enclose in a circle). corporeus -a -um, (of the body, bodily of flesh). corpulentus -a -um, (fat, stout). corpus -poris, n. (body, substance, matter); esp. (the body) of men and animals; (flesh, the, trunk); sometimes (a corpse). Transf., (a person, 'a body'; the 'body, politic'); in gen., (the main mass) of a thing. corpusculum -i, n. (a little particle, atom; a small body). corrado -radere -rasi -rasum, (to scrape or rake together). correctio -onis, f. (straightening out, improvement, amendment). corrector -oris, m. (improver, amender, corrector). correpo -repere -repsi -reptum, (to creep, slink, crawl). correptius, compar. adv. from corripio; q.v. corrigia -ae, f. (a shoe-string, boot-lace). corrigo -rigere -rexi -rectum, (to put straight, set right, reform, amend). corripio -ripere -ripui -reptum, (to seize, snatch up); 'pecuniam', (to steal); 'viam', (to hasten on a, journey); 'se', (to hurry off). Transf., of disease, etc., (to attack); of the, passions, (to overcome); of persons, (to blame, rebuke, accuse, bring to, trial); in time, (to shorten); hence, from partic., compar. adv. correptius, (more shortly). corroboro -are, (to strengthen, invigorate). corrodo -rodere -rosi -rosum, (to gnaw away). corrogo -are, (to get together, collect by begging). corrugo -are, (to wrinkle up). corrumpo -rumpere -rupi -ruptum, (1) (to break up, annihilate, destroy). (2) (to spoil, make worse, weaken); of, documents, (to falsify); of characters, (to corrupt); 'corrumpere pecunia', (to bribe). Hence partic. corruptus -a -um, (spoilt, damaged, corrupt); adv., corrupte, (corruptly, incorrectly). corruo -ruere -rui: intransit, (to fall to the ground, sink down, be ruined); transit. (to throw down, overthrow). corruptela -ae, f. (corruption, bribery, seduction); meton., (a corruptor). corruptio -onis, f. (corrupting; a corrupt state). corruptor -oris, m. (corrupter, seducer, briber). corruptus -a -um, partic. from corrumpo; q.v. cors, see cohors. Corsica -ae, f. (the island of Corsica); adj. Corsus and Corsicus -a -um. cortex -ticis, m. and f. (bark, rind, shell); esp. (the bark of the cork tree, cork). cortina -ae, f. (a round kettle or cauldron); esp. (the cauldron-shaped Delphic tripod):, 'cortina Phoebi', (the oracle of Delphi). corulus, = corylus; q.v. corus, = caurus; q.v. corusco -are, transit., (to move quickly, swing, shake); intransit., (to tremble, flutter);, of light, (to twinkle, flash). coruscus -a -um, (shaking, trembling); of light, (twinkling, flashing). corvus -i, m. (a raven); perhaps also (a rook). Corybantes -ium, m. pl. (the priests of Cybele). corycus -i, m. (a sand-bag, a punch-ball). coryletum -i, n. (a hazel copse). corylus -i, f. (a hazel tree). corymbus -i, m. (a bunch of flowers or fruit), esp. (a cluster of ivy berries). coryphaeus -i, m. (a leader, chief). corytus or corytos -i, m. (a quiver). cos cotis, f. (any hard, flinty stone); esp. (a whetstone, grindstone). Cos or Cous (Coos) Coi, f. (a small island in the Aegean Sea); adj. Cous -a -um; n. sing. as subst., (Coan wine); n. plur., (Coan garments). cosmeta -ae, m. (a woman's valet). cosmicos -a -um, (of the world); m. as subst. (a citizen of the world). costa -ae, f. (a rib or side). costum -i, n. (an eastern aromatic plant). cothurnatus -a -um, (in buskins); hence (tragic, elevated). cothurnus -i, m. (a large hunting boot; a boot or buskin worn by tragic actors); hence, (tragedy, elevated style). cotid., = cottid.; q.v. cottana (cotona, coctona, coctana) -orum, n. pl. (a kind of small fig). coturnix -icis, f. (a quail). covinnarius -i, m. (a soldier in a war chariot). covinnus -i, m. (a war-chariot; a travelling-chariot). coxa -ae, f. (the hip-bone). coxendix -icis, f. (the hip). crabro -onis, m. (a hornet). crambe -es, f. (cabbage). crapula -ae, f. (drunkenness; its aftereffects, 'hangover'). cras, adv. (tomorrow). crassitudo -inis, f. (thickness, density). crassus -a -um, (thick, dense, solid); 'aer', (misty, heavy); of intellect, (dull or, uneducated). Adv. crasse, (roughly, rudely). Crassus -i, m. (name of a family in the gens Licinia); q.v. crastinus -a -um, (of tomorrow); n. as subst. (the morrow). cratera -ae, f. and crater -eris, m. (a bowl, esp. for mixing wine with water; the crater, of a volcano; a constellation, the Bowl). cratis -is, (a wicker frame, hurdle, a harrow); milit. (fascines); 'favorum', (honeycomb);, 'spinae', (the joints of the backbone). creatio -onis, f. (choice, election). creator -oris, m. (maker, founder; parent). creatrix -icis, f. (maker, founder; parent). creber -bra -brum; of space, (thick, crowded together, close, numerous); with abl., (crowded with, full, of); of time, (repeated, numerous, frequent); of persons, to signify repeated, action, e.g. 'creber pulsat', (he beats frequently). Adv. crebro, (repeatedly, often). crebresco (crebesco) -escere -ui, (to become frequent, increase, gather strength). crebritas -atis, f. (frequency). crebro, adv. from creber; q.v. credibilis -e, (credible, worthy of belief); adv. credibiliter, (credibly). creditor -oris, m. (a creditor). credo -dere -didi -ditum, (to trust): with acc. and dat., (to entrust, commit), esp. of secrets and, money; n. of perf. partic. as subst., creditum, (a loan); with dat., (to trust, in, rely upon); also with dat., (to believe, give credence to); with acc., (to, believe as a fact, to accept as true); in gen., (to believe, think, be of the, opinion). credulitas -atis, f. (credulity). credulus -a -um, (believing easily, credulous, confiding). cremo -are, (to burn, consume with fire). cremor -oris, m. (juice, pulp, cream). creo -are, (to make, create, produce; to elect to an office); of parents, (to beget, bear). crepida -ae, f. (sandal). crepidatus -a -um, (wearing sandals). crepido -inis, f. (a base, foundation, pedestal; a quay, pier, dam). crepitacillum -i, n. (a rattle). crepitaculum -i, n. (a rattle). crepito -are, (to rattle, creak, crackle, rustle). crepitus -us, m. (rattling, creaking, rustling, clattering); 'digitorum', (snapping of the, fingers). crepo -are -ui -itum, intransit., (to creak, rattle, rustle, crackle); 'digiti crepantis signa', (a, snapping of the fingers); transit., (to make resound; to chatter about). crepundia -orum, n. pl. (a child's plaything; a rattle or amulet). crepusculum -i, n. (twilight). cresco crescere crevi cretum, (1) (to come into existence, spring forth, arise); past partic. cretus, (sprung (from)). (2) of what exists, (to grow, grow up, increase in size, height, etc.); 'luna crescens', (waxing); fig., (to increase in fame, power, etc.). Creta -ae, f. and Crete -es, f. (Crete). Hence m. adj. and subst. Cres -etis; f. adj. and, subst. Cressa -ae; adj. Cretensis -e, and Creticus -a -um, (Cretan). creta -ae, f. (chalk, or fuller's earth). cretatus -a -um, (chalked); hence (in white). cretio -onis, f. (a declaration by an heir accepting an inheritance). cretosus -a -um, (abounding in chalk). cretula -ae, f. (white clay for sealing). Creusa -ae, f. (wife of Aeneas). cribrum -i, n. (a sieve). crimen -inis, n. (1) (an accusation, charge): 'esse in crimine', (to be accused); meton., (an object of reproach). (2) (fault, guilt, crime); meton., (cause of crime). criminatio -onis, f. (accusation, calumny, charge). criminator -oris, m. (accuser, calumniator). criminor -ari, dep.: with acc. of person, (to accuse, charge); esp. (to calumniate); with, acc. of offence, (to complain of, bring up). criminosus -a -um, (reproachful, calumnious, slanderous); adv. criminose, (by way of accusation, reproachfully). crinalis -e, (of or for the hair); n. as subst. (a hair-band). crinis -is, m. (hair); esp. in pl.; of a comet, (the tail). crinitus -a -um, (hairy, with long hair); 'stella crinita', (a comet); 'galea', (crested). crispisulcans -antis, (forked, wavy). crispo -are, (to curl; to move rapidly, brandish); intransit. partic. crispans -antis, (curly, wavy). crispulus -a -um, (curly-haired, wavy). crispus -a -um, (curly, curly-headed; trembling, quaking). crista -ae, f. (the crest, plume); of a cock, (the comb). cristatus -a -um, (with a crest, plume or comb). croceus -a -um, (of saffron; saffron-colored, golden, yellow). crocinus -a -um, (of saffron, saffron-colored, yellow); n. as subst., (saffron oil). crocodilus -i, m. (crocodile). crocotula -ae, f. (a saffron-colored robe). crocus -i, m. and crocum -i, n. (the crocus; saffron, prepared from crocus); hence (the, color of saffron, yellow). Croesus -i, m. (a king of Lydia, famous for his wealth). crotalia -orum, n. pl. (earrings). crotalistria -ae, f. (a castanet-dancer). crotalum -i, n. (a castanet). Croton -onis, c. (a Greek town near the toe of Italy). cruciamentum -i, n. (torture). cruciatus -us, m. (torture, torment). crucio -are, (to torture, torment). crudelis -e, adj. (unfeeling, cruel); adv. crudeliter. crudelitas -atis, f. (cruelty, inhumanity). crudesco -escere -ui, (to become hard or violent). cruditas -atis, f. (overloading of the stomach, indigestion). crudus -a -um, adj. (1) (bleeding). (2) (uncooked, raw); of material, (fresh, not prepared);, of fruit, (unripe); in gen., (green, fresh, immature, untimely); of food, (undigested); of persons, (stuffed, dyspeptic); of feeling, etc., (hard, cruel); of the voice, (harsh). cruento -are, (to make bloody, stain with blood). cruentus -a -um, (bloody, bloodthirsty; blood-red). crumena -ae, f. (a pouch, purse; store of money, funds). cruor -oris, m. (blood, gore; murder, slaughter). crus cruris, n. (the shin, shinbone, leg); of a bridge, (pier, support). crusta -ae, f. (1) (crust, rind, shell, bark). (2) (inlaid work, bas-relief, embossing). crustulum -i, n. (a little cake). crustum -i, n. (bread, cake). crux crucis, f. (a cross); hence (torment, trouble); as a term of abuse, (gallows bird). crypta -ae, f. (covered galley, vault, grotto). crystallinus -a -um, (of crystal); n. pl. as subst., (crystal vases). crystallus -i, f. and crystallum -i, n. (crystal; a crystal drinking vessel; a precious stone, looking like crystal). cubicularis -e, (of a bedchamber). cubicularius -a -um, (of a bedchamber); m. as subst. (a chamberservant). cubiculum -i, n. (a bedroom). cubile -is, n. (bed); esp. (marriage-bed); of animals, (lair, den, nest); of bees, (hives); in gen., (seat, resting place). cubital -talis, n. (an elbow cushion). cubitalis -e, (one cubit long). cubito -are, (to lie down often). cubitum -i, n. (the elbow; a cubit). cubitus -us, m. (lying down). cubo -are -ui -itum, (to lie down, recline), esp. at table or in bed; (to be ill in bed); 'cubitum, ire', (to go to bed); of things, (to lie); partic. cubans, (sloping). cucullus -i, m. (a hood, cowl). cuculus -i, m. (cuckoo). cucumis -meris, m. (cucumber). cucurbita -ae, f. (a gourd; a cupping-glass). cudo -ere, (to beat, pound, thresh); of metals, (to forge, stamp, coin). cuias -atis, (of what country). cuicuimodi, (of whatever kind). cuius (quoius) -a -um, interrog., (whose?); relat., (whose); 'quoia causa', (wherefore). cuiuscemodi, (of whatever kind). cuiusdammodi, (of a certain kind). cuiusmodi, (of what kind?). cuiusquemodi, (of every kind). culcita -ae, f. (bolster, pillow). culeus, = culleus; q.v. culex -icis, m. (gnat, midge). culina -ae, f. (kitchen); meton., (food, fare). culleus (culeus) -i, m. (a leather sack). culmen -inis, n. (top, summit; the ridge of a roof; a stalk). culmus -i, m. (stalk, haulm, thatch). culpa -ae, f. (fault, blame); esp. (the fault of unchastity); meton., (a cause of error, or sin). culpo -are, (to blame, find fault with, disapprove). cultellus -i, m. (a little knife). culter -tri, m. (a knife; a plowshare, coulter). cultio -onis, f. (cultivation, agriculture). cultor -oris, m. (a cultivator, planter, husbandman); with genit., (an inhabitant, occupier), of a place; (a friend, supporter) of a person; (a worshipper) of gods. cultrix -icis, f. (she who tends or takes care; an inhabitant). cultura -ae, f. (tilling, culture, cultivation, husbandry); 'animi', (mental culture, cultivation); 'potentis amici', (courting of). cultus (1) -a -um, partic. from colo; q.v. cultus (2) -us, m. (tilling, cultivation, tending); in gen., (care, careful treatment);, 'deorum', (reverence); 'animi', (training, education); culullus (culillus) -i, m. (a drinking-vessel). cum, (1) prep. with abl., (with, together with; at the same time as); 'cum eo, quod','ut', or 'ne', (on condition that). cum, (2) (older form quom) conj., (when; whenever; since; although); cum...tum..., (both...and...). Cumae -arum, f. pl. (a city of Campania); adj. Cumanus and Cumaeus -a -um. cumba (cymba) -ae, f. (small boat, skiff). cumera -ae, f. (a corn-bin). cuminum -i, n. (a herb, cummin). cumprimis, see primus. cumque (cumque, quomque), adverb, usually found added to a relative, with the force of -ever, -sover. cumulo -are, (to heap up, pile up, increase, heighten; to fill up, overload); 'cumulatus, laude', (loaded with praise); also (to crown, bring to perfection). Hence, partic. cumulatus -a -um, (heaped up, increased, enlarged; crowned, perfected). Adv. cumulate, (abundantly, fully). cumulus -i, m. (heap, pile, mass; addition, increase, finishing touch). cunabula -orum, n. pl. (cradle). cunae -arum, f. pl. (cradle); of young birds, (nest). cunctabundus -a -um, (loitering, dilatory). cunctatio -onis, f. (delay, lingering, hesitation). cunctator -oris, m. (one who delays). cunctor -ari, dep. (to delay, linger, hesitate);of things,(to move slowly). Hence partic., cunctans -antis, (lingering, slow); adv. cunctanter. cunctus -a -um, (all, all collectively, the whole). cuneatim, (in wedge formation). cuneo -are, (to secure with wedges; to shape like a wedge). Hence partic. cuneatus -a -um, (pointed like a wedge). cuneus -i, m. (a wedge; troops in wedge formation; any triangular figure); often of (the, wedge-shaped compartments into which the seats of a theater were divided). cuniculosus -a -um, (full of rabbits (or caverns)). cuniculus -i, m. (1) (a rabbit, cony). (2) (an underground passage);milit., (a mine). cupa -ae, f. (cask, butt). cupiditas -atis, f. (eager desire, passionate longing). Esp. (ambition; avarice, factiousness, party spirit). cupido -inis, f. and poet. m., (longing, desire). Esp. (desire for power, ambition, avarice); (physical desire, love). Personified, Cupido - inis, m. (Cupid, god, of love); plur. Cupidines, (Cupids); adj. Cupidineus -a -um. cupidus -a -um, (desirous, eager, keen). Esp. (eager for power, ambitious; avaricious);, physically, (desirous, passionate); towards persons, (attached, partial). Adv., cupide, (eagerly, passionately). cupio cupere cupivi or -ii -itum, (to desire, long for,wish for). Hence partic. cupiens -entis, (longing, eager); as adj., with genit.; adv. cupienter. cupitor -oris, m. (one who desires). cuppedia (1) -ae, f. (taste for delicacies). cuppedia (2) -orum, n. pl. (delicacies, tid-bits). cuppedinarius -i, m. (a confectioner). cuppedo, = cupido; q.v. cupressetum -i, n. (a cypress wood). cupresseus -a -um, (made of cypress wood). cupressifer -fera -ferum, (cypress-bearing). cupressus -i (-us), f. (the cypress; a casket of cypress wood). cur (quor), (why? wherefore?). cura -ae, f. (care); (1) (care taken, carefulness, pains, attention, minding of things, or persons); of business, (management, administration); meton., (an object of, care, or a guardian, caretaker). (2) (care felt, anxiety, worry, disquiet). curalium -i, n. (coral, esp. red coral). curatio -onis, f. (care, attention; esp. medical attention, healing, curing); of business, (management, administration); 'frumenti', (commission to buy corn); 'agraria', (commission to divide land). curator -oris, m. (guardian, overseer). curatus, partic. from curo; q.v. curculio -onis, m. (a weevil, corn-worm). Cures -ium, f. (a town of the Sabines); adj. Curensis -e. Curetes -um, m. (ancient inhabitants of Crete); adj. Curetis -idis= (Cretan). curia -ae, f. (1) (a curia, a division of the Roman patricians); meton., (the meeting, place of a curia). (2) (the meeting place of the senate, senate-house); at, Athens, (the Areopagus). curialis -e, (belonging to the same curia). curiatim, (by curiae). curiatus -a -um, (relating to curiae); 'comitia curiata', (the original assembly of the Roman, people). curio -onis, m. (the priest of a curia; a herald, crier). curiositas -atis, f. (inquisitiveness). curiosus -a -um, (1) (careful, attentive). (2) (inquisitive). (3) (wasted by cares). Adv., curiose, (carefully; inquisitively). curis or quiris, f. (a spear). curo -are, (to care for, pay attention to, trouble about); with gerundive, (to see to) a, thing being done; of business, (to manage, administer); physically, (to, minister to, cure, rest); of business, (to provide or procure money); 'curare, Romae', (to be in charge at Rome). Hence partic. curatus -a -um, (cared for;, showing care). Compar. adv. curatius, (more carefully). curriculum -i, n. (running; a contest in running, race; raceground, course, lap; a racing, chariot). curro currere cucurri cursum, (to run, hasten); esp. (to run in a race); at sea, (to sail); of time, (to, pass). currus -us, m. (a chariot, car); esp. one used in racing, or war, or at a triumph; meton., (a triumph). Transf., (a plow with wheels; a ship). cursim, (hastily, quickly). cursito -are, (to run up and down). curso -are, (to run hither and thither). cursor -oris, m. (a runner; a courier, messenger; a running footman). cursus -us, m. (running, rapid motion; course, direction, movement, journey). curto -are, (to shorten, abbreviate). curtus -a -um, (shortened, mutilated, defective); esp. (gelded). curulis -e, (relating to a chariot); 'equi', (horses provided for the Circus); 'curulis, (sella)', (the curule chair), official seat of consuls, praetors, and curule, aediles. curvamen -inis, n. (curving, arching). curvatura -ae, f. (curving, arching). curvo -are, (to bend, arch, curve; to influence). curvus -a -um, (bent, bowed, arched, curved, winding); morally, (crooked). cuspis -idis, f. (point, esp. of a spear); hence (a spear, lance; a trident, a spit). custodia -ae, f. (watching, guarding, custody, care); milit., (keeping guard, watch); of, prisoners, (custody, safekeeping); 'custodia libera', (house-arrest). Transf., (persons guarding, guards, sentinels; the station of the guard, post, prison;, persons guarded, prisoners). custodio -ire, (to guard, watch, keep, take care of; to keep in sight, observe; to keep in, prison, hold captive). custos -odis, c. (guardian, watchman, keeper, attendant; a jailer, sentinel, guard, spy). cuticula -ae, f. (skin, cuticle). cutis -is, f. (skin, hide, leather). cyathus -i, m. (a ladle for filling goblets with wine); as measure of capacity = one, twelth of a sextarius. cybaea -ae, f. (with or without navis) (a merchantman). Cybele or Cybebe -es, f. (a Phrygian goddess, worshipped at Rome). cyclas -adis, f. (a female robe of state). Cyclas -adis, f., plur., Cyclades, (a group of islands in the Aegean Sea). cyclicus -a -um, (cyclic). Cyclops -clopis, m. (a Cyclops), gen. plur., Cyclopes, (the Cyclopes, a gigantic one-eyed, race); adj. Cyclopius -a -um. cycneus or cygneus -a -um, (belonging to the swan). cycnus, = cygnus; q.v. cygnus -i, m. (the swan). cylindrus -i, m. (a cylinder, a roller). Cyllene -es and -ae, f. (a mountain in Arcadia, where Mercury was born). Adj. Cylleneus and, Cyllenius -a -um. cymba -ae, f. = cumba; q.v. cymbalum -i, n. (a cymbal). cymbium -i, n. (a small drinking-vessel). Cynicus -a -um, (Cynic, of the Cynic school). cynocephalus -i, m. (the dog-faced baboon). Cynosura -ae, f. (the constellation Ursa Minor). Cynthus -i, m. (a mountain in Delos, birthplace of Apollo and Diana); hence adj. as, subst., m. Cynthius -i, (Apollo), f. Cynthia -ae, (Diana). Cyparissus, f. = cupressus; q.v. Cyprus or Cypros -i, f. (the island of Cyprus); adj. Cyprius -a -um, (Cyprian); f. as subst., (Venus). Cyrene -es and Cyrenae -arum, f. (a city of northeastern Africa); adj. Cyrenaeus and Cyrenaicus -a -um, (Cyrenaic); m. pl. as subst., (the Cyrenaic philosophers). Cythera -orum, n. pl. (the island Cythera, sacred to Venus); adj. Cythereus and Cytereius -a, -um, (Cytherean); f. as subst. = Venus. cytisus -i, c. (clover or lucerne). Daci -orum, m. pl. (the Dacians, a warlike people on the Lower Danube). Dacia -ae, f., (their country). dactylicus -a -um, (dactylic). dactyliotheca -ae, f. (a casket for rings). dactylus -i, m. (a metrical foot, a dactyl). daedalus -a -um, act., (skilful); '(natura) daedala rerum', (quaint artificer); pass., (curiously wrought, variegated). Daedalus -i, m. (mythical Athenian, builder of the Cretan labyrinth); adj. Daedaleus and, Daedalius -a -um. Dalmatae (Delmatae) -arum, m. pl. (the Dalmatians, inhabitants of Dalmatia). Damascus -i, f. (Damascus, capital of Syria); adj. Damascenus -a -um, (Damascene); 'pruna', (damsons). damma (older dama) -ae, f. or m. (a fallow-deer, chamois, antelope); as meat, (venison). damnatio -onis, f. (condemnation). damnatorius -a -um, (condemnatory). damno -are, (to cause loss or injury to); at law, (to condemn, sentence, punish) (offence, usually genit., punishment genit. or abl.); 'damnari inter sicarios', (to be, condemned as an assassin); in gen., (to condemn, disapprove of); of deities, 'damnari voti' or 'voto', (to grant a person's wish, and compel him to, discharge his vow); also (to assign, devote, make over). damnosus -a -um, act. (causing loss or damage, detrimental); pass. (damaged, injured); middle, sense, (self-injuring). Adv. damnose, (ruinously). damnum -i, n. (loss, damage, injury); at law, (a fine). Danae -es, f. (mother of Perseus). Danaus -i, m. (son of Belus, who left Egypt for Argos); adj. Danaus -a -um, (Argive, Greek); m. pl. Danai -orum, (the Greeks); Danaides - um, f. (the fifty, daughters of Danaus). danista -ae, m. (money-lender). dano, = old form of do; q.v. Danuvius -i, m. (the river Danube). Daphne -es, f. (daughter of Peneus, changed into a laurel tree). daphnon -onis, m. (a grove of laurels). daps dapis, f. (a sacrificial feast, religious banquet); in gen., (meal, feast, banquet). dapsilis -e, (sumptuous, plentiful). Dardani -orum, m. pl. (a warlike Illyrian people). Dardanus -i, m. (son of Jupiter, mythical ancestor of the royal family of Troy); adj., Dardanus and Dardanius -a -um, (Trojan); subst. Dardania -ae, f. = Troy;, Dardanides -ae, m. (a male descendant of Dardanus); Dardanis -idis, f. (a, Trojan woman). Dareus -i, m. (name of several Persian kings). datio -onis, f. (a giving); legal, (right of alienation). dativus -a -um, (to do with giving); '(casus) dativus', (the dative case). dato -are, (to give away). dator -oris, m. (giver). Daunus -i, m. (a mythical king of Apulia, ancestor of Turnus); adj. Daunius -a -um, (Daunian); f. subst. Daunias -adis, (Apulia). de, prep. with abl. (1) in space, (down from, away from). Transf., (coming from), an origin; (taken from) a class or stock, (made from) a material, (changed, from) a previous state; of information, (from) a source. (2) in time, (following from, after; in the course of, during). (3) (about) a subject; (on, account of) a cause; (according to) a standard. dea -ae, f. (goddess). dealbo -are, (to whitewash, plaster). deambulo -are, (to take a walk). dearmo -are, (to disarm). debacchor -ari, dep. (to rave, revel furiously). debellator -oris, m. (a conqueror). debello -are, intransit. (to fight to the end, finish a war); transit. (to fight out) a, fight; (to conquer) an enemy. debeo -ere -ui -itum, (to owe). Lit. of money, etc.: n. of perf. partic. pass. as subst., debitum, -i, (a debt). Transf., (to be indebted to) somebody for anything; with infin., (to be due to do a thing, be morally bound to or be bound by logic or, necessity or law to; to have to pay because of fate, to be destined to give). debilis -e, (feeble, weak). debilitas -atis, f. (weakness, feebleness). debilitatio -onis, f. (weakening, disabling). debilito -are, (to weaken, enfeeble, disable; to enervate, break down). debitio -onis, f. (owing, debt). debitor -oris, m. (one who owes, a debtor). debitum -i, subst. from debeo; q.v. decanto -are, transit. (to sing or say repeatedly); intransit. (to leave off singing). decedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, (1) (to move away, withdraw, retire); milit., (to march away). Transf., (to, retire, give up); with dat., (to yield to, retire in favor of), esp. (to, depart from life, to die). (2) of things, (to retire, abate, cease); 'sol, decedens', (setting). (3) (to go astray, deviate). decem, indecl. (ten). December -bris, adj. (of December) (originally the tenth Roman month); December (mensis), (December). decempeda -ae, f. (a ten-foot ruler). decempedator -oris, m. (a land-surveyor). decemprimi -orum, m. pl. (the ten chief men in the senate of a municipium or colonia). decemvir -i, m.; usually plur., (a board of ten commissioners at Rome for various, purposes). decemviralis -e, (relating to the decemvirs). decemviratus -us, m. (the office of decemvir). decennis -e, (of ten years). decentia -ae, f. (propriety, comeliness). decerno -cernere -crevi -cretum, (to decide, determine; to settle that) a thing is so; and of action, (to, decide to do or give) a thing; of a body, (to decide, decree); as a member of, a body, (to move, propose); of combatants, (to settle by fighting). Hence, partic. decretus -a -um; m. as subst. decretum -i, (a resolve, decree);, philosoph. (doctrine, principle). decerpo -cerpere -cerpsi -cerptum, (to pluck off, pluck away). Transf., (to gather; to derive; to take away). decertatio -onis, f. (contest). decerto -are, (to contend, fight to a finish). decessio -onis, f. (a withdrawing, departure); esp. (of a governor retiring from his, province). Transf., (deduction, diminution). decessor -oris, m. (one who retires from an office, a predecessor). decessus -us, m. (withdrawal, departure). Esp. (the retirement of an official; death); of, water, (ebb). decet -ere -uit, (it is proper, it is fitting (physically or morally)). Hence partic. decens, -entis, (proper, fit); adv. decenter. decido (1) -cidere -cidi, (to fall down, to fall dead, die); in gen., (to sink, fall). decido (2) -cidere -cidi -cisum, (to cut down, cut off; to cut short, to settle, to arrange). decies and deciens, (ten times). decim-, see also decum-. decimus (older decumus) -a -um, (tenth); decimum, (for the tenth time). decipio -cipere -cepi -ceptum, (to catch); hence (to cheat, deceive, beguile (esp. of time)). decisio -onis, f. (a settlement, decision). Decius -a -um, (name of a Roman gens); adj. Decianus -a -um. declamatio -onis, f. (loud, violent speaking, declamation; practice in oratory, or a theme for, such practice). declamator -oris, m. (a declaimer). declamatorius -a -um, (of declamation, rhetorical). declamito -are, (to speak loudly, declaim); esp. (to practice speaking in public); 'causas', (to plead for practice). declamo -are, (to speak loudly); esp. (to practice speaking in public); with object, (to, declaim). declaratio -onis, f. (making clear, open expression). declaro -are, (to make clear, explain, reveal, declare); of appointments, (to proclaim) a, person as chosen. declinatio -onis, f. (bending away, turning aside). Transf., (an avoiding, declining); rhet. (a, digression); grammat. (inflexion, declension). declino -are, transit., (to bend aside, turn away, deflect). Transf., (to avoid, shun);, intransit., (to deviate, swerve, digress). declivis -e, (inclined downwards, sloping); n. as subst. declive -is, (a slope, declivity). declivitas -atis, f. (a declivity). decocta -ae, f. subst. from decoquo; q.v. decoctor -oris, m. (spendthrift, bankrupt). decollo -are, (to behead). decolo -are, (to trickle away). decolor -oris, (off-color, pale). decoloratio -onis, f. (discoloring). decoloro -are, (to discolor). decoquo -coquere -coxi -coctum, (to boil thoroughly; to boil down, boil away); of metals, (to melt away); of, property, (to waste); commerc., (to ruin oneself, become bankrupt). Hence, partic. decoctus -a -um, (boiled down); of style, (insipid); f. as subst. (a, cold drink). decor -oris, m. (grace, comeliness, beauty). decoro -are, (to embellish, beautify, adorn). decorus -a -um, physically, (graceful, beautiful, comely); morally, (proper, fit, becoming)., N. as subst. decorum -i, (propriety, grace). Adv. decore, (fitly, becomingly). decrepitus -a -um, (infirm, decrepit). decresco -crescere -crevi -cretum, (to grow down, become smaller, decrease). decretum -i, subst. from decerno; q.v. decuma (decima) -ae, f. (a tenth part tithe) (as an offering, tax, or largesse). decumanus (decimanus) -a -um, (of the tenth).(1) (relating to the provincial tax of a tenth); m. as subst., (the farmer of such a tax). (2) (belonging to the tenth legion); m. pl. as, subst. (its members). (3) (belonging to the tenth cohort). decumates -ium, pl. adj. (relating to tithes). decumbo -cumbere -cubui, (to lie down, fall, fall down). decumo (decimo) -are, (to take a tithe); milit. (to decimate troops). decuria -ae, f. (a body of ten men; a class, division, esp. of jurors); (a party, club). decuriatio -onis, f. (a dividing into decuriae). decuriatus -us, m. (a dividing into decuriae). decurio (1) -are, (to divide into bodies of ten, or into classes of ten). decurio (2) -onis, m. (head of a body of ten); milit. (company commander in the cavalry); polit., (a senator of a municipium or colony). decurro -currere -cucurri or -curri -cursum, (to run down, hasten down); milit. (to move down or to manoeuvre). Transf., (to run in a race); transit. (to run through, traverse) a set course; (to have, recourse to, take refuge in); of ships, (to sail downstream or to land); of, water, (to run down). decursio -onis, f. milit., (a manoeuvre or charge). decursus -us, m. (a running down); milit. (a manoeuvre, a charge, attack). Transf., (the, completion of a course); rhet., (rhythmical movement). decurtatus -a -um, (mutilated) (of style). decus -oris, n. (distinction, honor, glory, grace; moral dignity, virtue); of persons, (pride, glory); plur., decora, (distinguished acts). decutio -cutere -cussi -cussum, (to shake down, shake off, knock off). dedecet -decere -decuit, (it is unbecoming, unsuitable, unfitting). dedecoro -are, (to dishonor, bring shame upon). dedecorus -a -um, (shameful, dishonorable). dedecus -oris, n. (shame, dishonor, disgrace; a dishonorable action, crime, vice). dedicatio -onis, f. (consecration). dedico -are, (to dedicate, consecrate; to specify, indicate). dedignor -ari, dep. (to think unworthy, scorn, reject). dedisco -discere -didici, (to unlearn, forget). dediticius -a -um, (relating to surrender); m. plur., dediticii, (subjects of Rome without, rights). deditio -onis, f. (unconditional surrender, capitulation). dedo dedere -didi -ditum, (to give up, surrender) esp. of the conquered. Transf., (to give up to, dedicate, devote). Hence partic. deditus -a -um, (devoted to, addicted to);, 'dedita opera', (intentionally). dedoceo -ere, (to cause to unlearn, to unteach; teach not to). dedoleo -dolere -dolui, (to make an end of grieving). deduco -ducere -duxi -ductum, (to lead or bring down); in time, from the past, (to trace downwards) to the, present; in amount, (to reduce); from an amount, (to subtract); in gen., (to, lead or draw away; to lead forth colonists, to found a colony; to escort a, person to a place); of persons and things,(to bring out of one state, opinion, etc. into another); in weaving, (to draw threads); hence, (to draw out, spin, out) in speech or writing. deductio -onis, f. (a leading down; a reduction; a leading away of colonists, etc.). deerro -are, (to wander from the right path, go astray). defatigatio -onis, f. (exhaustion, fatigue). defatigo -are, (to weary, fatigue). defatiscor, = defetiscor; q.v. defectio -onis, f. (failure). Hence (defection, rebellion; weakening, failing, vanishing)., Partic. defectus -a -um, (failing, deficient). defector -oris, m. (rebel, deserter). defectus (1) -a -um, part. of deficio; q.v. defectus (2) -us, m. (a failing, disappearance); esp. (a failing of light, eclipse). defendo -fendere -fendi -fensum, (1) (to repel, repulse, ward off, drive away) (2) (to defend, protect); esp., (to defend in court); in argument, (to maintain a proposition or statement);, (to sustain a part). defensio -onis, f. (2) (a warding off). (3) (defence). defensito -are, (to defend frequently). defenso -are, (to defend vigorously). defensor -oris, m. (1) (one who wards off or averts). (2) (a defender, protector) esp. in, court. defero -ferre -tuli -latum, (to bring down, carry down); in gen., (to bring or carry away), esp. to a, particular place; 'deferre rationes', (to hand in accounts); fig., (to offer, hand over, refer); of news, (to communicate, report), esp. to authority;, legal, 'deferre nomen', (to inform against a person, indict); 'deferre, crimen', (to bring a charge). defervesco -fervescere -fervi or -ferbui, (to cease boiling); of passion, (to cease to rage). defetiscor (defatiscor) -fetisci -fessus, dep. (to become tired, grow weary); esp. in perf. partic. defessus -a -um, (weary, tired). deficio -ficere -feci -fectum, intransit. (to do less than one might, to fail); hence, (to desert, rebel, revolt); of things, (to fail, run short); of sun or moon, (to become, eclipsed); of fire, (to go out); of water, (to ebb); of strength, etc., (to, fail, become weak); 'amimo deficere', (to lose heart); transit. (to abandon, leave, fail); rarely pass. defici, (to be failed). Hence partic. defectus -a, -um, (feeble), esp. because of age. defigo -figere -fixi -fixum, (to fasten down, fix in); in gen., (to secure, plant firmly); of sight or, thought, (to concentrate, fix upon);of persons, (to fix, make motionless), with astonishment, etc.: partic. defixus -a -um, (astounded); of enchantment, (to bind by a spell). defingo -fingere -finxi, (to form, mold). definio -ire, (to limit, bound, mark out; to set limits to a thing, confine; to set as a, limit, appoint, assign); (to interpret) ideas or words in terms of each other, (to understand) one thing by another; in logic, (to define). Hence partic., definitus -a -um, (definite, distinct); adv. definite. definitio -onis, f. (limiting, prescribing); in logic, (a definition). definitivus -a -um, (definitive, explanatory). defit (as from defio), (fails). deflagratio -onis, f. (burning, destruction by fire). deflagro -are, (to be burnt down, destroyed by fire); in gen., (to be destroyed); of, passions, (to cease burning, abate, cool). Partic. in pass. sense, deflagratus, -a -um, (burnt down, destroyed). deflecto -flectere -flexi -flexum, transit. (to bend down or aside); intrans. (to turn aside, turn away); in, speech, (to digress). defleo -flere -flevi -fletum, (to bewail, weep for). defloccatus -a -um, (bald). defloresco -florescere -florui, (to shed blossoms, fade, wither). defluo -fluere -fluxi, (1) (to flow down, slip down, descend); abstr., (to come down), esp. of the, gifts of heaven. (2) (to flow away, disappear, be lost). defodio -fodere -fodi -fossum, (to dig down into; to form by digging, excavate; to dig in, cover, bury, conceal). deformatio -onis, f. (deforming, disfiguring; degradation). deformis -e, (1) (deformed, misshapen, ugly, disgusting). Transf., (foul, shameful). (2), (formless, shapeless). Adv. deformiter, (in an ugly fashion). deformitas -atis, f. (deformity, ugliness; disgrace, dishonor). deformo -are, (1) (to form, fashion; to delineate). (2) (to put out of shape, disfigure; to, disgrace, dishonor). defraudo (defrudo) -are, (to deceive, cheat); 'genium suum', (to deprive oneself of pleasure). defrenatus -a -um, (unbridled, unrestrained). defrico -fricare -fricui -frictum, (to rub down); fig. (to satirize, lash). defringo -fringere -fregi -fractum, (to break down, break off). defrutum -i, n. (new wine boiled down). defugio -fugere -fugi, intransit., (to flee away); transit., (to fly from, avoid). defundo -fundere -fudi -fusum, (to pour down, pour out). defungor -fungi -functus, dep. (to perform, discharge, have done with); '(vita) defungi', (to die). degener -eris, (fallen away from one's origin, unworthy of one's race, degenerate, unworthy, ignoble). degenero -are, intransit. (to become unlike one's kind, to fall off, go bad, degenerate);, transit. (to cause to degenerate, or disgrace by degeneracy). degero -ere, (to carry off). dego degere degi, (to pass time); absol., (to live). degrandinat, impers. (it hails violently, or (perhaps) it ceases to hail). degravo -are, (to weigh down, bring down, lower). degredior -gredi -gressus, dep. (to step down, march down). degusto -are, (to take a taste from, taste); of fire, (to lick); of a weapon, (to graze); in, gen., (to try, make a trial of, sound). dehinc, (from here, hence; from this time, henceforth; immediately after that time, thereupon). dehisco -ere, (to gape, open, split down). dehonestamentum -i, n. (blemish, deformity, disgrace). dehonesto -are, (to dishonor, disgrace). dehortor -ari, dep. (to discourage, dissuade). deicio -icere -ieci -iectum, (to throw, cast, hurl down); with reflex., (to rush down); of upright things, (to throw to the ground, fell); of persons, (to kill, bring down). In gen., (to fling away or aside); naut., deici, (to be thrown off course); milit., (to, dislodge);(to eject, dispossess; to shift) a person from an opinion, attitude;, (to disappoint). Hence partic. deiectus -a -um, (low-lying; dispirited, dejected). deiectio -onis, f. (throwing down; eviction from property). deiectus (1) -a -um, -partic. from deicio; q.v. deiectus (2) -us, m. (a throwing down; a declivity, steep slope). deiero -are, (to swear). dein, see deinde. deinceps, (one after the other, successively). deinde, and abbrev. dein: of space,(from that place); of time, (thereafter, thereupon, then, afterwards); in enumerations, (next, and then). Deiotarus -i, m. (a king of Galatia, defended by Cicero). deiungo -ere, (to disconnect). delabor -labi -lapsus, dep. (to glide down, fall down, sink); of liquids, (to flow down). Transf., (to sink to, come down to) circumstances, etc.; (to proceed from, be derived, from) an origin; (to fall unawares) among people. delacero -are, (to tear to pieces). delamentor -ari, dep. (to bewail, lament). delasso -are, (to weary, tire out). delatio -onis, f. (reporting, giving information against, denunciation). delator -oris, m. (an informer, denouncer). delectabilis -e, (delightful, pleasant). delectamentum -i, n. (delight, amusement). delectatio -onis, f. (delight, pleasure). delecto -are, (to divert, attract, delight); in pass. with abl., (to take delight in); in, pass. with infin., (to delight in). delectus -us, m. (choosing, choice). delegatio -onis, f. (assignment of a debt). delego -are, (to transfer, commit, assign; to impute, attribute, ascribe). delenimentum -i, n. (what soothes or charms). delenio (delinio) -ire, (to soften down; to soothe or charm). delenitor -oris, m. (one who soothes or cajoles). deleo -lere -levi -letum, (to blot out, efface); in gen., (to destroy, annihilate). deliberabundus -a -um, (carefully considering, deliberating). deliberatio -onis, f. (consideration, consultation). deliberativus -a -um, (relating to deliberation). deliberator -oris, m. (one who deliberates). delibero -are, (to weigh carefully, consider, consult about; to ask advice), esp. of an, oracle; as a result of deliberation, (resolve). Hence partic. deliberatus -a, -um, (resolved, determined). delibo -are, (to take a little from, to taste); in gen. (to extract, derive; to take from, so as to enjoy; to take from so as to lessen or spoil). delibro -are, (to peel the bark off). delibutus -a -um, (steeped). delicatus -a -um, (soft, tender); in bad sense, of things, (luxurious); of persons, (spoilt, effeminate); of tastes, (fastidious, dainty, nice). Adv. delicate, (luxuriously). deliciae -arum, f. pl. (allurements, charms, delights, fancies); 'esse in deliciis', (to be a, favorite); concr., (darling, sweetheart). deliciolae -arum, f. pl. (a darling). delictum -i, n. (a fault, crime). deligo (1) -ligere -legi -lectum, (to pick, pluck; to choose, select). deligo (2) -are, (to fasten, bind up). delingo -ere, (to lick off, lick up). delinquo -linquere -liqui -lictum, (to fail, be wanting), esp. (to fail in duty, commit a crime). deliquesco -liquescere -licui, (to melt, dissolve; to vanish, disappear). deliquo and delico -are, (to clarify; to explain). deliratio -onis, f. (folly, silliness, dotage). deliro -are, (to act crazily, rave). delirus -a -um, (silly, crazy, doting). delitesco -litescere -litui, (to conceal oneself, lie hid, take refuge). delitigo -are, (to scold furiously). Delos -i, f. (a small island in the Aegean Sea, birthplace of Apollo and Diana); adj., Deliacus and Delius -a -um, (of Delos); as subst. Delius -i, m. = Apollo;, Delia -ae, f. = Diana. Delphi -orum, m. pl. (a town in Phocis, famous for its oracle of Apollo); adj. Delphicus -a, -um. delphinus -i and delphin -inis, m. (dolphin). delubrum -i, n. (a shrine, temple). deluctor -ari, dep. and delucto -are, (to wrestle). deludo -ludere -lusi -lusum, (to mock, cheat). delumbo -are, (to lame, enervate, weaken). demadesco -madescere -madui, (to become wet through). demando -are, (to entrust, commit). demens -entis, (out of one's mind, insane, senseless); adv. dementer. dementia -ae, f. (senselessness, insanity); in plur., (mad actions). dementio -ire, (to be mad, rave). demereo -ere and demereor -eri, dep. (to earn thoroughly, to deserve well) of a person, (to oblige). demergo -mergere -mersi -mersum, (to sink, plunge into, dip under); 'aere alieno demersus,' (over head and ears, in debt). demetior -metiri -mensus, dep. (to measure out); partic. demensus -a -um, in pass. sense, with n. as, subst., (an allowance). demeto -metere -messui -messum, (to mow, reap, cut down or off). demigro -are, (to emigrate, depart). Transf., (to die). deminuo -minuere -minui -minutum, (to take away from, diminish, lessen); 'capite se deminuere', (to suffer a, loss of civil rights). deminutio -onis, f. (lessening, diminution); 'sui', (loss of prestige); 'capitis', (loss of, civil rights); (right of alienation). demiror -ari, dep. (to wonder at). demissio -onis, f. (sinking, lowering); 'animi', (dejection). demitigo -are, (to make mild, soft). demitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to send down, lower, put down); 'tunica demissa', (hanging loosely); 'demissi, capilli', (growing long); milit. (to lead down); naut., (to lower gear, or, bring a vessel downstream or to land). Transf., (to sink, bury, plunge); of, spirits, (to lower). Hence partic. demissus -a -um, (hanging down);of dress, and hair, (long, loose); of places, (low-lying). Transf., (feeble, weak;, unassuming, modest; downcast, dispirited). Adv. demisse, (low, near the, ground). Transf., (modestly, humbly, meanly). demo demere dempsi demptum, (to take away, subtract). Democritus -i, m. (a philosopher of Abdera (c. 460-370 B.C.)). Hence adj. Democriticus -a, -um. demolior -iri, dep. (to throw down, demolish). demolitio -onis, f. (throwing down, demolition). demonstratio -onis, f. (pointing out, indication, explanation, description); rhet., (oratory, concerned with praise and censure). demonstrativus -a -um, (demonstrative); rhet., of oratory, (concerned with praise and censure). demonstrator -oris, m. (one who points out or indicates). demonstro -are, (to indicate, explain, describe). demorior -mori -mortuus, dep. (to die, die off); with acc. of person, (to die for love of). demoror -ari, dep.: intransit., (to delay, loiter); transit., (to stop, delay, retard). Demosthenes -is (also -i), (the Athenian orator (384-322 B.C.)). demoveo -movere -movi -motum, (to move away, remove); 'hominem de sententia', (to make a person change his, opinion). demugitus -a -um, (filled with the noise of lowing). demulceo -mulcere -mulsi, (to stroke down, caress by stroking). demum, of time, (at length, at last); in enumerations, (finally, in short); 'id, demum', (that and that alone). demurmuro -are, (to murmur or mutter over). demutatio -onis, f. (change, alteration), esp. for the worse. demuto -are, transit., (to change, alter) a thing, esp. for the worse; intransit., (to, change one's mind or become different). denarius -a -um, (containing ten); 'denarius nummus', or 'denarius' alone, (a Roman silver, coin). denarro -are, (to narrate, tell, relate). denato -are, (to swim down). denego -are, (to deny, say no; to deny, refuse, reject a person). deni -ae -a, (ten by ten, ten at a time, by tens). denicalis -e, (releasing from death); 'feriae', (a funeral ceremony). denique: in time, (at last, finally); in enumerations, (again, further or finally); (in short, in fine). denomino -are, (to name). denormo -are, (to make crooked). denoto -are, (to mark out for another, designate precisely; to take note of). dens dentis, m. (a tooth). Transf., things resembling a tooth, e.g., (a mattock or sickle);, abstr., of anything biting, sharp, destructive. denseo -ere, (to make thick, condense, press together). denso -are, (to make thick, condense, press together). densus -a -um, (thick, close, dense); in time, (frequent); in degree, (intense, vehement); in, style, of work or author, (condensed). Adv. dense, (densely); of time, (frequently). dentalia -ium, n. pl. (the share-beam of a plow). dentatus -a -um, (provided with teeth, toothed; polished by teeth). dentio -ire, (to cut teeth); of teeth, (to grow). denubo -nubere -nupsi -nuptum, (to be married off, to marry (of the woman), esp. beneath her). denudo -are, (to lay bare, uncover, reveal). Transf. (to rob, plunder). denuntiatio -onis, f. (announcement, declaration, threat). denuntio -are, (to announce, give notice, declare, threaten); 'bellum denuntiare', (to, declare war); legal, (to give notice, serve a summons). denuo, (anew, again; a second time). deonero -are, (to unload, disburden). deorsum or deorsus, (downwards); 'sursum deorsum', (up and down, backwards and forwards). depaciscor, = depeciscor; q.v. depactus -a -um, (fastened down, firmly fixed). depasco -pascere -pavi -pastum and depascor -pasci, dep. (to feed off); in gen., (to eat up, consume, reduce). depeciscor -pecisci -pectus, dep. (to make a bargain for or about; to settle for, accept a condition). depecto -pectere -pexum, (to comb down); in comedy, (to beat soundly). depeculator -oris, m. (plunderer, embezzler). depeculor -ari, dep. (to rob, plunder). depello -pellere -puli -pulsum, (to drive down, or away, expel, remove); milit., (to dislodge); naut., (to, drive off course); in gen., (to drive away, avert); of persons, (to, dissuade). dependeo -ere, (to hang down; to depend upon; to be derived from). dependo -pendere -pendi -pensum, (to weigh out and pay over). deperdo -perdere -perdidi -perditum, (to lose, waste, destroy); esp. of the effects of love. depereo -perire -perii, (to perish or be ruined utterly; to be desperately in love). depilo -are, (to strip of hair or feathers). depingo -pingere -pinxi -pictum, (to paint, depict, portray). deplango -plangere -planxi, (to bewail, lament). deplexus -a -um, (clasping). deploro -are, intransit., (to weep bitterly, lament); transit., (to lament, bewail; to, regard as lost, give up). depluit -pluere, (rains down). depono -ponere -posui -positum, (1) (to lay down, put down); esp. (to lay as wager or prize). (2) for, safekeeping, (to put down, deposit; to commit, entrust). (3) (to lay aside, have done with). Hence partic. depositus -a -um.(1)(laid out; dying, despaired, of, dead). (2) (entrusted); n. as subst. (a deposit). depopulatio -onis, f. (laying waste, ravaging). depopulator -oris, m. (a ravager). depopulor -ari, dep.; also depopulo -are, (to lay waste, ravage, destroy). deporto -are, (to carry down, carry off, take away; to bring home; to banish for life (with, loss of rights and property)). deposco -poscere -poposci, (to demand), usually for a purpose, esp. for punishment. depravatio -onis, f. (perverting, distorting); 'animi', (depravity). depravo -are, (to make crooked, pervert, disfigure); verbally, (to distort, misrepresent);, morally, (to spoil, corrupt). Adv. from partic., depravate, (perversely). deprecabundus -a -um, (earnestly entreating). deprecatio -onis, f. (1) (an attempt to avert by entreaty, deprecation). (2) (an entreaty, against a person), for his punishment. deprecator -oris, m. (1) (one that begs off, an intercessor). (2) (one that pleads for). deprecor -ari, dep. (1) (to try to avert by entreaty, to deprecate; to allege in excuse (so, as to avoid punishment)). (2) (to entreat against a person, to curse). (3) (to, entreat for, beg for, intercede). deprehendo and deprendo -endere -endi -ensum, (to seize upon, catch hold of); esp. (to surprise, catch, detect) a person in, a crime or fault; (to discover, detect, observe) a thing. deprehensio -onis, f. (detection). deprimo -primere -pressi -pressum, (to press down, depress); esp. (to plant deep in the ground, dig deep); of, ships, (to sink). Hence partic. depressus -a -um, (low-lying). deproelians -antis, (struggling violently). depromo -promere -prompsi -promptum, (to take down, produce, fetch out). depropero -are, intransit., (to hasten); transit., (to hasten over, produce in haste). depudet -pudere -puduit, (ceases to be ashamed, loses all sense of shame). depugno -are, (to fight hard, fight it out). depulsio -onis, f. (driving away); rhet. (defence). depulsor -oris, m. (an averter). deputo -are, (1) (to prune, cut off). (2) (to count, estimate). deque, see susque deque. derelinquo -linquere -liqui -lictum, (to forsake, desert, abandon). derepente, (suddenly). derepo -repere -repsi, (to creep, crawl down). derideo -ridere -risi -risum, (to laugh at, mock, deride). deridiculus -a -um, (very laughable); n. as subst. (ridicule); 'esse deridiculo', (to be an object, of ridicule). derigo -rigere -rexi -rectum, (to set straight, direct); of placing (also in form dirigo), (to order, dispose); milit. (to draw up); Transf., (to direct, aim, guide) abstract, things. derigui, perf., (grew quite still). deripio -ripere -ripui -reptum, (to tear down, snatch away). derisor -oris, m. (a mocker). derisus -us, m. (mockery, derision). derivatio -onis, f. (turning away or diversion of water). derivo -are, (to turn into another channel, divert). derogo -are, (to modify into a law); in gen. (to diminish, detract from). derosus -a -um, (gnawed away). deruncino -are, (to cheat, fleece). deruo -ruere -rui -rutum, (to cast down, make to fall). deruptus -a -um, (broken off); hence (precipitous, steep); n. pl. as subst. (precipices). desaevio -ire -ii -itum, (to rage violently). descendo -scendere -scendi -scensum, (to climb down, come down, descend); milit., (to march down); of things, (to, sink, pierce, penetrate); of mountains, (to slope down); of the voice, (to, sink). Transf., of persons, (to lower oneself, stoop); of things, (to sink in, penetrate). descensio -onis, f. (going down, descent); 'Tiberina', (voyage down the Tiber). descensus -us, m. (going down, descent; way down). descisco -sciscere -scivi or -scii -scitum, (to break away, revolt, withdraw, diverge). describo -scribere -scripsi -scriptum, (1) (to transcribe, copy). (2) (to describe, delineate, represent, portray). descriptio -onis, f. (1) (a copy). (2) (a representation, description, figure). deseco -secare -secui -sectum, (to hew off, cut off). desero -serere -serui -sertum, (to forsake, abandon, leave; to neglect, disregard). Hence partic. desertus -a, -um, (forsaken, abandoned); n. pl. as subst., (deserts, wildernesses). desertor -oris, m. (one who forsakes); milit., (deserter). deservio -ire, (to serve zealously, be a slave to). deses -sidis, m. (nom. sing. not found), (idle, lazy, inactive). desideo -sidere -sedi -sessum, (to sit idle, be slothful). desiderabilis -e, (desirable). desideratio -onis, f. (desire, longing). desiderium -i, n. (desire or longing, grief for the absence or loss of) a person or thing; in, gen., (a desire or request). desidero -are, (to long for what is absent or lost, to wish for; to miss, find a lack of);, milit., (to lose). desidia -ae, f. (idleness, inactivity, apathy). desidiosus -a -um, (slothful, idle, lazy); adv. desidiose. desido -sidere -sedi, (to sink down, subside, settle). Transf., (to deteriorate). designatio -onis, f. (marking out, designation; appointment to an office). designator -oris, m. = dissignator; q.v. designo -are, (to mark out, trace, plan); in gen., (to point out, indicate, signify; to, portray, delineate); polit., (to nominate, elect); partic. designatus -a -um, (elected, designated). desilio -silire -silui -sultum, (to leap down); 'ad pedes', (to dismount). desino -sinere -sii -situm, transit., (to cease, desist from); intransit., (to cease, stop, end); with in, and acc., (to end in). desipientia -ae, f. (foolishness). desipio -sipere, (to be foolish, act foolishly). desisto -sistere -stiti -stitum, (to stand away); from a person, (to withdraw); from action, etc., (to desist, leave off, cease). desolo -are, (to leave solitary, forsake). despecto -are, (to regard from above, look down upon; to despise). despectus (1) -a -um, partic. from despicio; q.v. despectus (2) -us, m. (a looking down, downward view; an object of contempt). desperatio -onis, f. (hopelessness, despair). despero -are, intransit., (to be without hope, despair); transit., (to despair of, give up)., Adv. from pres. partic. desperanter, (despairingly, hopelessly). Perf. partic., desperatus -a -um; in pass. sense, (despaired of); in middle sense, (desperate). despicatio -onis, f. (contempt). despicatus -us, m. (contempt). despicientia -ae, f. (looking down upon; contempt). despicio -spicere -spexi -spectum, (to look down, regard from above; to look down upon, despise). Pres. partic., act. despiciens, (contemptuous). Perf. partic. pass. despectus -a -um, (despised, contemptible). despicor -ari, (to look down upon, despise). Perf. partic. in pass. sense, despicatus -a -um, (despised, contemptible). despolio -are, (to plunder, despoil). despondeo -spondere -spondi -sponsum, (to pledge, to promise, esp. to promise in marriage, betroth); in gen. (to, pledge, devote); with animum or animos, (to lose heart, despair). despumo -are, (1) (to skim off). Transf. (to digest). (2) (to drop foam). despuo -spuere, (to spit down, spit on the ground). Transf. (to reject). desquamo -are, (to take off the scales, to scale). desterto -stertere -stertui, (to finish snoring or dreaming). destillo -are, (to drip down, distill). destinatio -onis, f. (fixing, determining, appointment). destino -are, (to make fast, fix down; to fix, determine, settle, appoint); with infin., (to, resolve to do); of persons, (to appoint) to an office; of things, (to fix, upon, intend to buy). Hence partic. destinatus -a -um, (fixed, determined); n., as subst., (an objective or intention); '(ex) destinato', (intentionally). destituo -stituere -stitui -stitutum, (to set down, place); esp. (to leave in the lurch, forsake, desert). destitutio -onis, f. (forsaking, abandoning). destringo -stringere -strinxi -strictum, (1) (to strip); esp. (to draw or bare) a sword. Transf., (to satirize, censure). (2) (to touch lightly, graze). Hence partic. destrictus -a -um, (severe). destruo -struere -struxi -structum, (to pull down, dismantle, destroy, ruin). desubito (or de subito), (suddenly). desudo -are, (to sweat violently, exert oneself hard). desuefio -fieri -factus sum, pass., (to made unaccustomed). desuesco -suescere -suevi -suetum, (to become unaccustomed); esp. partic. desuetus -a -um; in pass. sense, (disused); in middle sense, (unaccustomed, unused to). desuetudo -inis, f. (disuse). desultor -oris, m. (a leaper, acrobat). Transf. (an inconstant person). desultorius -a -um, (relating to a 'desultor'). desum -esse -fui, (to be down, fall short, fail, be missing or remiss). desumo -sumere -sumpsi -sumptum, (to take out, choose, select). desuper, (from above). desurgo -surgere -surrexi -surrectum, (to rise and go down or out). detego -tegere -texi -tectum, (to uncover, lay bare, disclose). detendo -tendere -tensum, (to unstretch); 'tabernacula', (to strike tents). detergeo -tergere -tersi -tersum, (1) (to wipe off, clear away, brush off). (2) (to cleanse by wiping). deterior -ius, genit. -oris, compar. (superl. deterrimus) (lower, inferior, poorer, worse)., Adv. deterius, (worse). determinatio -onis, f. (boundary, end). determino -are, (to bound, fix the limits of, determine). detero -terere -trivi -tritum, (to rub away, wear out; to detract from, weaken). deterreo -terrere -terrui -territum, (to frighten off, deter, discourage). detestabilis -e, (abominable, horrible). detestatio -onis, f. (1) (a cursing, execration).(2) (a warding off, averting). detestor -ari, dep. (1) (to pray against; to pray for deliverance from) a person or thing, or, (to curse, execrate). (2) of the gods' action, (to avert, remove). detexo -texere -texui -textum, (to make by plaiting; to finish, complete). detineo -tinere -tinui -tentum, (to hold back, detain; to prevent; to engage, occupy exclusively). detondeo -tondere -totondi and -tondi -tonsum, (to shear, clip). detono -tonare -tonui, (to cease to thunder or rage). detorqueo -torquere -torsi -tortum, (1) (to turn away, bend aside). (2) (to twist out of shape, distort). detractio -onis, f. (drawing off, withdrawal, taking away); rhet., (ellipsis). detracto, = detrecto; q.v. detractor -oris, m. (detractor, disparager). detraho -trahere -traxi -tractum, (1) (to draw down, drag down; to lower, humiliate). (2) (to draw off, drag, away, remove); numerically, (to subtract); in speech, (to detract from a, person, disparage, slander). detrectatio -onis, f. (refusal). detrectator -oris, m. (disparager, detractor). detrecto -are, (1) (to decline, refuse, shirk). (2) (to disparage, detract from, depreciate). detrimentosus -a -um, (detrimental, hurtful). detrimentum -i, n. (loss, damage, injury); milit., (loss, defeat). detritus -a -um, partic. from detero; q.v. detrudo -trudere -trusi -trusum, (to push down, thrust down); milit., (to dislodge); legal, (to dispossess, eject). Transf., of persons, (to force, compel); of functions, (to put off, postpone). detrunco -are, (to lop or cut off; to mutilate). deturbo -are, (to force away, dash down); milit., (to dislodge); legal, (to eject, dispossess). Deucalion -onis, m. (son of Prometheus, saved in an ark from a great flood, with his wife, Pyrrha). deunx -uncis, m. (eleven-twelfths of a unit). deuro -urere -ussi -ustum, (to burn down); of cold, (to destroy, nip). deus -i, m. (a god, deity); 'di meliora (ferant)', (God forbid). devasto -are, (to lay waste, devastate). deveho -vehere -vexi -vectum, (to carry away or down); pass. devehi (sc.navi) (to sail). devello -vellere -velli -vulsum, (to pluck, tear away). develo -are, (to unveil, uncover). deveneror -ari, dep. (1) (to worship, revere).(2) (to avert by prayers). devenio -venire -veni -ventum, (to come to, arrive at, reach). deverbero -are, (to thrash soundly). deversor (1) -ari, dep. (to lodge as a guest). deversor (2) -oris, m. (a guest). deversoriolum -i, n. (a small lodging). deversorius -a -um, (fit to lodge in); n. as subst. (an inn, lodging, refuge). deverticulum (devort-) -i, n. (1) (a by-way, by-path); hence (digression). (2) (an inn, lodging, refuge, resort). deverto (devorto) -vertere -verti -versum, (to turn aside); esp. (to turn aside to a lodging to put up at, stay with)., Transf., (to digress). devexus -a -um, (moving downwards, descending, sinking); of position, (sloping down, shelving, steep); of tendency, (inclining to). devincio -vincire -vinxi -vinctum, (to bind, tie fast, attach, connect). Hence partic. devinctus -a -um, (attached, devoted). devinco -vincere -vici -victum, (to conquer thoroughly, subjugate, overcome). devitatio -onis, f. (avoiding). devito -are, (to avoid). devius -a -um, (off the beaten track, out of the way, solitary, retired) in mind, (erroneous, unreasonable). devoco -are, (to call down or away); 'devocare in dubium', (to bring into danger). devolo -are, (to fly down, hasten down). devolvo -volvere -volvi -volutum, (to roll down); pass., (to roll down, fall headlong, sink back). devoro -are, (to swallow, devour, seize upon); of words, (to articulate badly, mispronounce); of property, (to consume, waste); of disagreeable things, (to, swallow, accept, put up with). devorticulum, see deverticulum. devortium -i, n. (a by-way, by-path). devotio -onis, f. (1) (consecrating, devoting). (2) (cursing). (3) (enchantment, incantation). devoto -are, (to consecrate or devote to death). devoveo -vovere -vovi -votum, (to consecrate, devote) esp. to a god, or to death; (to curse, execrate; to, bewitch, enchant); in gen., (to devote, give up). Hence partic. devotus -a, -um, (devoted; accursed; attached to a person); m. pl. as subst. (faithful, followers). dextella -ae, f. (a little right hand). dexter -tera -terum, or -tra -trum; compar. dexterior -ius, superl. dextimus -a -um; (right, on the, right hand, on the right side).Transf. (dexterous, skillful; propitious, favorable, opportune). F. as subst. dextera or dextra, (the right hand);'(a), dextra', (on the right); esp. (the right hand as a pledge of faith);, sometimes, in gen., (the hand). Adv. dextere or dextre, compar. dexterius;, (dexterously, skillfully). dexteritas -atis, f. (skillfulness, readiness). dextrorsum and dextrorsus, (on the right, towards the right). Dia -ae, f. (mother of Mercury). diadema -atis, m. (a royal headband, diadem). diaeta -ae, f. (1) (a way of living prescribed by a physician, regimen, diet). (2) (a, living room). dialecticus -a -um, (of discussion, dialectical); m. as subst., dialecticus -i, (a dialectician, logician); f. dialectica -ae, and dialectice -es, (the art of dialectic, logic); n. pl. dialectica -orum, (dialectical discussion); adv. dialectice, (dialectically). dialis -e, (relating to Jupiter); '(flamen) dialis', (the priest of Jupiter). dialogus -i, m. (a philosophical conversation). Diana -ae, f. (the virgin goddess of the moon and hunting); adj. Dianius -a -um, (belonging to Diana). diaria -orum, n. pl. (a day's allowance of food or pay). dibaphus -a -um, (double-dyed); as f. subst. dibaphus -i, (the purple-striped robe of the, higher magistrates in Rome). dica -ae, f. (law-suit, action) in a Greek court. dicacitas -atis, f. (wit, satire, raillery). dicatio -onis, f. (settling as a citizen in another state). dicax -acis, (ready of speech; witty, satirical, sarcastic). dichoreus -i, m. (a double trochee). dicio -onis, f. (power, sovereignty, authority). dicis, (genit.); 'dicis causa, dicis gratia', (for form's sake, for the sake of, appearances). dico (1) -are, (to consecrate, dedicate, devote to the gods; to deify, place among the gods;, to inaugurate). Transf., (to devote, give up, set apart); 'se civitati', or, 'in civitatem', (to become a citizen). dico (2) dicere dixi dictum, (to indicate; to appoint); most commonly, (to say, speak, tell, mention); in, pass. with infin., (to be said to); impersonally, dicitur, (it is said, that);of ideas,(to express, put into words); 'ius', (to administer law, give, rulings); of persons or things, (to mention, speak of, tell of, relate; to, name, call; to mean, refer to). N. of partic. as subst. dictum -i, (a word, saying, speech; a witty saying, a bon mot; a prediction; an order, command). dicrotum -i, n. (a vessel with two banks of oars). dictamnus -i, f. (dittany, a plant). dictator -oris, m. (a dictator); in Rome, (an extraordinary magistrate, elected in emergency, and granted absolute power); elsewhere, (a chief magistrate). dictatorius -a -um, (belonging to a dictator, dictatorial). dictatura -ae, f. (the office of dictator, dictatorship). dictio -onis, f. (saying, speaking, talk, oratory). dictito -are, (to say often, reiterate, assert repeatedly); 'dictitare causas', (to plead, frequently). dicto -are, (to say often; to say over, dictate a thing to be written); hence (to get, written down). dictum -i, n. subst. from dico (2); q.v. Dido -us, f. (the founder of Carthage), also called Elisa or Elissa. dido didere dididi diditum, (to divide, distribute, spread round). diduco -ducere -duxi -ductum, (to draw apart, separate); milit., (to divide, distribute), also (to scatter, disperse). diecula -ae, f. (a little day, a short time). dierectus -a -um, an abusive expression, like (go and be hanged!). dies -ei, m. or f. (daytime, day; a day, period of twenty-four hours); 'diem ex die', (from day to day); 'in dies', (daily), esp. of a continuing process of change;, 'in diem vivere', (to live for the day); meton., (the business or events of, the day); in gen., (time). Esp. (a particular day, fixed date; a historic day;, day of death; anniversary, esp. birthday). Diespiter -tris, m. (a name for Jupiter). diffamo -are, (to spread evil reports about, to defame). differentia -ae, f. (difference, distinction). differitas -atis, f. (difference). differo differre distuli dilatum, Transit., (to carry in different directions, spread abroad, scatter; to spread, news; to harass, disturb, discredit a person); in time, (to delay, postpone, business, to put off persons). Intrans. (to differ, be different); 'nihil, differt', (there is no difference). differtus -a -um, (stuffed full, crammed). difficilis -e, (difficult); of character, (hard to deal with, morose, obstinate). Adv., difficiliter and difficulter, (with difficulty). difficultas -atis, f. (difficulty, need, trouble, distress); of character, (obstinacy, moroseness). diffidentia -ae, f. (want of confidence, distrust, despair). diffido -fidere -fisus sum, (to have no confidence, mistrust, despair); partic. diffidens -entis, (distrustful, diffident); adv. diffidenter. diffindo -findere -fidi -fissum, (to split, cleave, open); legal, 'diem', (to postpone business). diffingo -ere, (to form again, forge anew); fig., (to change). diffiteor -eri, dep. (to deny, disavow). difflo -are, (to blow apart). diffluo -fluere -fluxi -fluxum, (to flow in different directions, to dissolve, melt away). diffringo -fringere -fractum, (to shatter). diffugio -fugere -fugi -fugitum, fly in different directions,to disperse). diffugium -i, n. (dispersion). diffundito -are, (to scatter). diffundo -fundere -fudi -fusum, (to pour in different directions, to spread out, diffuse, extend); esp. (to, make relax, brighten up, gladden). Hence partic. diffusus -a -um, (spread out, extensive, wide); adv. diffuse, (copiously, diffusely). diffusilis -e, (capable of spreading, elastic). digero -gerere -gessi -gestum, (to carry in different directions, to separate, spread); esp. in orderly, fashion, (to arrange). digestio -onis, f. (arrangement, distribution). digestus -a -um, partic. from digero; q.v. digitulus -i, m. (a little finger; the touch of a finger). digitus -i, m. (1) (a finger); 'digitus pollex', (the thumb); 'index', (the forefinger);, as a measure, (a finger's breadth, an inch). (2) (a toe). digladior -ari, dep. (to flourish the sword; to fight, struggle fiercely); in words, (to, dispute). dignatio -onis, f. (esteem; dignity, reputation, honor). dignitas -atis, f. (worth, worthiness, merit). Transf., (dignified appearance or style;, dignified position, esteem, honor); esp. (official rank); plur. dignitates, (persons of rank). digno -are, and dignor -ari, dep. (to consider worthy); with infinit., (to deign to). dignosco (dinosco) -noscere -novi, (to recognize as different,to distinguish). dignus -a -um, (1) (worthy, deserving); esp. of persons, usually with abl. or genit. (2) of, things, (worth having, deserved, suitable, fitting); 'dignum est', foll. by, infin. (it is proper). Adv. digne. digredior -gredi -gressus, dep. (to go apart, depart, deviate); in speech, (to digress). digressio -onis, f. (separation, departure); in speech, (digression). digressus -us, m. (separation, departure); in speech, (digression). diiudicatio -onis, f. (judging, decision). diiudico -are, (1) (to judge between parties, to decide, determine). (2) (to distinguish, find a difference between). diiun-, see disiun-. dilabor -labi -lapsus, dep. (to glide apart); of solids, (to fall to pieces, fall down, melt, dissolve); of liquids, gases, etc., (to flow apart, run away); of persons in, groups, (to break up, slip away); in gen., (to break up, vanish); of time, (to, go by). dilacero -are, (to tear to pieces). dilamino -are, (to split in two). dilanio -are, (to tear in pieces). dilapido -are, (to demolish). dilargior -iri, dep. (to hand round, give liberally). dilatio -onis, f. (putting off, postponing). dilato -are, (to spread out, extend);'litteras', (to pronounce broadly). dilator -oris, m. (a dilatory person, loiterer). dilatus, partic. from differo; q.v. dilaudo -are, (to praise highly). dilectus (1) -a -um, partic. from diligo; q.v. dilectus (2) -us, m.: in gen., (choosing, choice, selection); milit., (a levy, recruiting of, troops, conscription); meton., (troops) so raised. diligens -entis, partic. from diligo; q.v. diligentia -ae, f. (carefulness, attentiveness, accuracy); esp. (care in management, economy). diligo -ligere -lexi -lectum, (to choose out; to prize, love, esteem highly). Hence pres. partic. diligens, -entis, (attentive, careful); esp. (careful in housekeeping, economical, saving); adv. diligenter, (attentively, carefully). dilorico -are, (to tear open). diluceo -ere, (to be clear, evident). dilucesco -lucescere -luxi, (to grow light, become day; to become clear). dilucidus -a -um, (clear, lucid, plain); adv. dilucide. diluculum -i, n. (the break of day, dawn). diludium -i, n. (an interval, breathing-space). diluo -luere -lui -lutum, (1) (to wash apart, separate, dissolve); of troubles, (to remove, resolve); of, puzzles, (to clear up). (2) (to dilute, temper; to weaken, lessen, impair). diluvies -ei, f. (washing away, inundation). diluvio -are, (to flood, inundate). diluvium -i, n. (flood, deluge, inundation). dimano -are, (to flow in different directions, spread abroad). dimensio -onis, f. (measuring). dimetior -metiri -mensus, dep. (to measure out). dimeto -are and dep. dimetor -ari, (to measure out). dimicatio -onis, f. (a fight, struggle, battle). dimico -are, (to brandish weapons); hence (to fight, contend, struggle). dimidiatus -a -um, (halved, divided, half). dimidius -a -um, (halved, divided in half); 'dimidia pars', (half). N. as subst. dimidium -i, (half); 'dimidio minus', (less by half). diminutio, see deminutio. dimissio -onis, f. (1) (a sending out). (2) (a dismissing, discharging). dimitto -mittere -misi -missum, (1) (to send forth, send in different directions); without object, (to send, (word) round). (2) (to send away, let go, let fall); milit., (to disband or to, detach); of a gathering, (to break up, dismiss); of places, (to give up, leave); of abstr. things, (to give up, renounce, abandon). dimminuo -ere, (to dash to pieces). dimoveo -movere -movi -motum, (1) (to move asunder, part, divide). (2) (to separate, remove, take away). dinosco, = dignosco; q.v. dinumeratio -onis, f. (enumeration). dinumero -are, (to count, esp. to count money, to pay). dioecesis -eos and is, f. (a district under a governor). dioecetes -ae, m. (a revenue official or treasurer). Diomedes -is, m. (1) (a hero of the Trojan War, son of Tydeus). (2) (king of the Bistones in, Thrace). Dione -es, and Diona -ae, f. (1) (the mother of Venus); (2) (Venus). Adj. Dionaeus -a, -um. Dionysus (-os) -i, m. (the Greek name of Bacchus). Hence Dionysia -orum, n. pl. (the feast of, Dionysus). diota -ae, f. (a two-handled wine jar). diploma -atis, m. (1) (a letter of introduction given to travellers). (2) (a government, document conferring privileges). diremptus -us, m. (a separation). direptio -onis, f. (plundering, pillaging). direptor -oris, m. (plunderer, pillager). diribeo -ere -itum, (to sort tablets when taken out of the ballot box). diribitio -onis, f. (sorting of voting tablets). diribitor -oris, m. (the officer who sorted voting tablets). dirigo -rigere -rexi -rectum, (to arrange, direct). Hence partic. directus -a -um, (straight, direct;, straightforward, plain, simple). Abl. as adv. directo and adv. directe, (straight, directly). See also derigo. dirimo -imere -emi -emptum, (to part, separate, divide). Transf., (to break off, interrupt, stop), temporarily or permanently. diripio -ripere -ripui -reptum, (to snatch apart, tear to pieces); of spoil, (to divide). hence, milit., (to, pillage, lay waste; to tear away). * diritas -atis, f. (misfortune, disaster; cruelty, fierceness). dirumpo -rumpere -rupi -ruptum, (to break apart or to pieces, shatter); of friendships, etc., (to sever, break, up); in pass., dirumpi, (to burst with envy, grief, anger). diruo -ruere -ui -utum, (to pull apart, demolish, destroy, break up); financially, (to ruin). dirus -a -um, (fearful, horrible, frightful, cruel). N. pl. dira -orum, and f. pl. dirae, -arum, as subst., (unlucky omens, curses); Dirae - arum, a name for (the, Furies). Dis Ditis, m. (a name of Pluto, god of the Lower World). dis ditis (contracted from dives), (rich; having or containing or bringing wealth). discedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, (1) (to go asunder, part, separate). (2) (to depart, go away); milit., (to, march away); 'discedere ab signis', (to break the ranks); 'ab armis', (to lay, down arms; to come out of a contest, to come off); in gen., (to depart, pass, away; to deviate, swerve, digress); polit., of the senate, 'in sententiam, discedere', (to support a resolution). disceptatio -onis, f. (debate, discussion, controversy). disceptator -oris, m. (an arbitrator). disceptatrix -tricis, f. (an arbitrator). discepto -are, (1) (to decide, settle, determine). (2) (to dispute, debate, discuss). discerno -cernere -crevi -cretum, (to sever, separate, set apart). Transf., (to distinguish, discern). discerpo -cerpere -cerpsi -cerptum, (to pluck to pieces, dismember). discessio -onis, f. (1) (going separate ways, separation); polit., in voting, (a division in, the senate). (2) (a going away, departure). discessus -us, m. (1) (parting, separation). (2) (departure, going away); milit., (marching, off; banishment). discidium -i, n. (tearing apart; separation, division; separation in feelings, disagreement). discido -ere, (to cut in pieces). discindo -ere -scidi -scissum, (to cleave asunder, split). discingo -cingere -cinxi -cinctum, (to take off the girdle, ungird). Partic. discinctus -a -um, (ungirt; at ease, careless, dissolute). disciplina -ae, f. (instruction, teaching; training, education); esp. (military training)., Transf., (results of training, discipline, ordered way of life; that which is, taught, learning, body of knowledge, science; a rhetorical or philosophical, school or system). discipula -ae, f. (a female pupil). discipulus -i, m. (a pupil, apprentice). discludo -cludere -clusi -clusum, (to shut away, separate, divide). disco discere didici, (to learn, get to know); 'discere fidibus', (to learn to play on the lyre); in, gen., (to receive information, find out; to become acquainted with, learn to, recognize). discolor -oris, (of different colors); in gen., (different). disconvenio -ire, (to disagree, not to harmonize). discordabilis -e, (disagreeing). discordia -ae, f. (dissension, disagreement); milit., (mutiny, sedition). discordiosus -a -um, (full of discord, mutinous). discordo -are, (to be at discord, disagree, be opposed); milit., (to be mutinous). discors -cordis, (disagreeing, inharmonious, opposed, different). discrepantia -ae, f. (disagreement, difference). discrepatio -onis, f. (disagreement, disunion). discrepito -are, (to be quite unlike). discrepo -are -ui, (to differ in sound, be discordant; to disagree, be different); 'res, discrepat', or impers., 'discrepat', (people are not agreed); with acc. and, infin., (it is inconsistent that). discribo -scribere -scripsi -scriptum, (to mark out, arrange, classify, define; to allot, fix, appoint). Hence, partic. discriptus -a -um, (classified, arranged); adv. discripte. discrimen -inis, n. (1) (dividing line, distinction, difference, interval). (2) (turning-point, critical moment; crisis, hazard, danger). discrimino -are, (to separate, sunder, divide). discriptio -onis, f. (an arrangement, definition, distribution). discrucio -are, (to torture, torment), esp. mentally. discumbo -cumbere -cubui -cubitum, (1) (to recline at table). (2) (to go to bed). discupio -cupere, (colloq.), (to long). discurro -currere -cucurri and -curri -cursum, (to run about, run to and fro). discursus -us, m. (a running about, running to and fro). discus -i, m. (a discus). discutio -cutere -cussi -cussum, (to shatter). Transf., (to disperse, scatter, break up). disertus -a -um, (eloquent, expressive); adv. diserte and disertim. disicio disicere disieci disiectum, (to throw in different directions, cast asunder); of buildings, etc., (to, throw down); of military formations, (to break up, disperse); of abstract, things, (to break up, frustrate). disiecto -are, (to toss about). disiectus (1) -a -um, partic. from disicio; q.v. disiectus (2) -us, m. (scattering, dispersing). disiunctio -onis, f. (separation, estrangement); in logic, (a disjunctive proposition). disiungo (diiungo) -iungere -iunxi -iunctum, (to unbind, loosen, separate, remove, distinguish). Hence partic. disiunctus, -a -um, (separated, apart, distant, remote); of speech, (disconnected); in, logic, (disjunctive). Compar. adv. disiunctius, (rather in disjunctive, fashion). dispando -pandere -pandi -pansum or -pessum, (to expand, stretch out). dispar -paris, (unlike, dissimilar, unequal). disparilis -e, (unlike, dissimilar, unequal). disparo -are, (to separate, part, divide); n. of partic. as subst., disparatum -i, rhet., (the contradictory proposition). dispartio, = dispertio; q.v. dispello -pellere -puli -pulsum, (to drive in different directions, scatter). dispendium -i, n. (expenditure, expense, loss). dispenno, = dispando; q.v. dispensatio -onis, f. (weighing out; management, administration; the office of a treasurer). dispensator -oris, m. (steward, bailiff, treasurer). dispenso -are, (to weigh out or pay out); in gen., (to distribute, to arrange). disperdo -dere -didi -ditum, (to squander, ruin, spoil). dispereo -ire -ii, (to perish utterly, be squandered, ruined). dispergo -spergere -spersi -spersum, (to scatter, disperse). Adv. from perf. partic. disperse, (dispersedly, here, and there). dispertio -ire, and dep. dispertior -iri, (to separate, divide, distribute). dispicio -spicere -spexi -spectum, (to see clearly), esp. by an effort; (to make out, discern, perceive; to, reflect upon, consider). displiceo -ere, (to displease); 'displicere sibi'(to be dissatisfied with oneself, be out of, spirits). displodo -plodere -plosi -plosum, (to burst noisily). dispono -ponere -posui -positum, (to put in different places, to distribute, put in order); milit., (to station, at intervals). Hence partic. dispositus -a -um, (arranged, orderly); adv., disposite, (in order, methodically). dispositio -onis, f. (regular arrangement or order in a speech). dispositu, abl. sing. m., (in or by arranging). dispositura -ae, f. (arrangement, order). dispudet -ere -uit, (it is a great shame). disputatio -onis, f. (arguing, debating). disputator -oris, m. (debater, disputant). disputo -are, (to reckon up; to debate, discuss, argue). disquiro -ere, (to inquire into, investigate). disquisitio -onis, f. (inquiry, investigation). dissaepio -saepire -saepsi -saeptum, (to hedge off, separate, divide); n. of perf. partic. as subst. dissaeptum -i, (barrier, partition). disseco -secare -secui -sectum, (to cut up). dissemino -are, (to spread abroad, disseminate). dissensio -onis, f. (difference in feeling or opinion; disagreement, variance, conflict, opposition). dissensus -us, m. (disunion, disagreement). dissentaneus -a -um, (disagreeing, different). dissentio -sentire -sensi -sensum, (to be of different feeling or opinion, to be opposed, not to agree). disserenat -are, impers., (it is clearing up all round), of the weather. dissero (1) -serere -sevi -situm, (to scatter seed, sow; to spread). dissero (2) -serere -serui -sertum (to set in order); hence (to examine, treat of, discuss). disserpo -ere, (to creep about, spread). dissertio -onis, f. (a severance). disserto -are, (to treat of, discuss, argue). dissideo -sidere -sedi -sessum, (to sit apart, be distant, disagree, be opposed); of clothes, (to sit, unevenly). dissido -sidere -sedi, (to fall apart, disagree). dissignatio -onis, f. (arrangement). dissignator -oris, m. (one that arranges, a supervisor). dissigno -are, (to arrange, regulate, manage). dissilio -silire -silui, (to leap apart, break asunder). dissimilis -e, (unlike, dissimilar); adv. dissimiliter, (differently). dissimilitudo -inis, f. (unlikeness, difference). dissimulatio -onis, f. (a concealing, dissembling), esp. (of irony). dissimulator -oris, m. (dissembler, concealer). dissimulo -are, (1) (to dissemble, disguise, keep secret); pass. with middle force, 'dissimulata deam', (concealing her divinity).(2) (to ignore, leave, unnoticed).Adv. from pres. partic. dissimulanter,(in a dissembling manner). dissipabilis -e, (that can be scattered). dissipatio -onis, f. (scattering). dissipo or dissupo -are, (to scatter, disperse); milit., (to break up, rout; to break up, destroy, squander). Hence partic. dissipatus -a - um, (disconnected). dissitus, partic. from dissero; q.v. dissociabilis -e, act., (separating); pass. (unable to be united). dissociatio -onis, f. (separation, parting). dissocio -are, (to separate, sever, divide); in feeling, (to estrange). dissolubilis -e, (dissoluble, separable). dissolutio -onis, f. (breaking up, dissolution, destruction); 'naturae', (death); 'navigii', (shipwreck); 'criminum', (refutation); rhet., (want of connection). dissolvo -solvere -solvi -solutum, (to loosen, break up, undo, destroy); 'glaciem', (to melt); 'animam', (to, die); 'criminationem', (to refute); of debts, (to pay, discharge); (to, release) a person from difficulties, (to unravel, explain) a difficulty. Hence, partic. dissolutus -a -um, (loose); 'navigium', (leaky); of style, (disconnected); of character, (wanting in energy, lax; profligate, dissolute)., Adv. dissolute, (disconnectedly, loosely; carelessly, negligently, without, energy). dissonus -a -um, (discordant, different, disagreeing). dissors -sortis, (having a different lot or fate). dissuadeo -suadere -suasi -suasum, (to advise against, oppose by argument). dissuasio -onis, f. (advising to the contrary, one who speaks against). dissuasor -oris, m. (one who advises to the contrary, one who speaks against). dissulto -are, (to leap apart, burst asunder). dissuo -suere -sui -sutum, (to unstitch, undo). distaedet -ere, (causes boredom or disgust). distantia -ae, f. (distance, difference, diversity). distendo (distenno) -tendere -tendi -tentum, (to stretch apart, expand), esp. (to fill full, distend). Transf., (to, distract, perplex). Hence partic. distentus -a -um, (distended, full). distermino -are, (to separate by a boundary, divide). distichon distichi, n. (a poem of two lines, distich). distinctio -onis, f. (a distinction, difference; the finding of a difference, the act of, distinguishing, discriminating); rhet. (a division in a speech; a pause, stop). distinctus (1) -a -um, partic. from distinguo; q.v. distinctus (2) -us, m. (difference, distinction). distineo -tinere -tinui -tentum, (to hold asunder, keep apart, separate). Transf., (to divide in feeling; to, distract; to keep away, prevent a thing from happening). Hence partic., distentus -a -um, (distracted, occupied). distinguo -stinguere -stinxi -stinctum, (to mark off, distinguish, divide). Transf., (to separate, distinguish);, gram., (to punctuate); (to set off, decorate, adorn). Hence partic. distinctus, -a -um,(separate, distinct; set off, diversified, adorned). Adv. distincte, (clearly, distinctly). disto -are, (to be apart, be distant; to differ, be distinct); impers., distat, (there is, a difference). distorqueo -torquere -torsi -tortum, (to twist apart, distort; to torture). Hence partic. distortus -a -um, (distorted, deformed); of speech, (perverse). distortio -onis, f. (distortion). distractio -onis, f. (pulling apart, separation, disunion). distraho -trahere -traxi -tractum, (to pull apart or pull to pieces); of associations, (to break up, dissolve);, of persons, (to draw away, estrange), also (to distract); of property, (to, sell up); gram., (to leave a hiatus in a verse). distribuo -uere -ui -utum, (to distribute, divide). Adv. from partic. distribute, (methodically, with, logical arrangement). distributio -onis, f. (division, distribution). distringo -stringere -strinxi -strictum, (to draw apart, stretch out, to engage at different points, divert, occupy)., Hence partic. districtus -a -um, (occupied, busy, engaged). disturbatio -onis, f. (destruction). disturbo -are, (to drive apart in confusion; to destroy, raze to the ground; to bring to, naught, frustrate, ruin). ditesco -ere, (to become rich). dithyrambicus -a -um, (dithyrambic). dithyrambus -i, m. (a dithyrambic poem)(originally in honor of Bacchus). ditio, = dicio; q.v. ditior, ditissimus; see dis. dito -are, (to enrich, make wealthy). diu, adv. (1) (by day). (2) (for a long time). (3) (a long time ago). Compar., diutius, (longer, too long). Superl. diutissime. diurnus -a -um, (belonging to a day or lasting for a day); n. as subst., (a journal, account-, book or a daily allowance). dius -a -um, (divine, god-like); hence (fine, noble); also (apparently) (out of doors, in, the open air). diutinus -a -um, (lasting a long time, long); adv. diutine. diutius, diutissime; see diu. diuturnitas -atis, f. (long duration). diuturnus -a -um, (lasting a long time, of long duration). divarico -are, (to stretch apart, spread out). divello -vellere -velli -vulsum (-volsum), (to pluck apart, tear asunder, break up, destroy, interrupt; to distract, pull, away, remove, separate). divendo -vendere -venditum, (to sell in separate lots). diverbero -are, (to strike apart, cleave, divide). diverbium -i, n. (dialogue on the stage). diversitas -atis, f. (contrariety, contradiction; difference, diversity). diversorium, see deversorius. diverto (divorto) -vertere -verti -versum, (to turn different ways); hence (to differ). Hence partic. diversus -a -um, (turned away, turned in different directions); of places, (out of the way, remote); of character, (fluctuating, irresolute); in gen., (different, unlike, opposed, hostile). Adv. diverse, (differently, diversely). dives -vitis, (rich, wealthy); with abl. or genit., (rich in). divexo -are, (to tear asunder);hence (to destroy, plunder, to distract). dividia -ae, f. (division, trouble). divido -videre -visi -visum, (1) (to divide up, separate into parts); esp. (to divide among persons, distribute, allot); polit., 'sententiam', (to divide a resolution into parts, so that each part can be voted on); in music, (to accompany). (2) (to separate, from one another, to distinguish; to set off, adorn). Hence partic. divisus -a, -um, (separate). dividuus -a -um, (divisible; divided, parted); fig., (distracted). divinatio -onis, f. (the gift of prophecy, divination); legal, (the selection of the, prosecutor). divinitas -atis, f. (divine nature, divinity; the power of prophecy or divination; excellence, surpassing merit). divinitus, (divinely, by divine influence; by inspiration, by means of divination;, admirably, nobly). divino -are, (to foretell, prophesy, forebode). divinus -a -um, (1) (belonging or relating to a deity, divine); 'res divina', (the service of, the gods); n. as subst. (a sacrifice); in plur. (divine things or attributes)., (2) (divinely inspired, prophetic); 'vates', (a poet); m. as subst., (a seer)., (3) (noble, admirable). Adv. divine, (divinely, by divine power; by divine, inspiration, prophetically; admirably, excellently). divisio -onis, f. (division, distribution). divisor -oris, m. (a divider; a distributor),esp. of lands; (a hired bribery agent). divisui, dat. sing. m. (for division). divitiae -arum, f. pl. (riches, wealth; ornaments, rich offerings); of soil, (richness). divortium -i, n. (divergence, separation); of things, (a boundary, parting of the ways); or, persons, (separation, divorce). divorto, see diverto. divulgo -are, (to make common, publish, spread abroad). Hence partic. divulgatus -a -um, (spread abroad, made common). divus -a -um, as adj., (divine or deified); as subst., m. (a god) and f. (a goddess) (often, as epithet of dead and deified emperors); 'sub divo'(neuter), (in the open, air). do dare dedi datum, (1) (to offer, give, grant, bestow, lend; to hand over, commit, devote); of, letters, (to give for dispatch); 'vela dare ventis', (to sail); 'poenas', (to, pay a penalty); 'verba', (to give words only, i.e., to cheat); of news, (to, tell, communicate). (2) (to cause, bring about, put). doceo docere docui doctum, (to teach, instruct) (with acc. of person and/or thing); with clause, (to, inform that or how); 'docere fabulam', (to teach a play to the actors, to, bring out, exhibit). Hence partic. doctus -a -um, (taught; learned, instructed, well- informed; experienced, clever, shrewd). Adv. docte, (learnedly, skillfully; cleverly, shrewdly). dochmius -i, m. (a metrical foot, the dochmiac). docilis -e, (teachable, docile). docilitas -atis, f. (teachableness, docility). doctor -oris, m. (a teacher). doctrina -ae, f. (teaching, instruction; knowledge, learning). doctus -a um, partic. from doceo; q.v. documen -inis, n. (example, pattern, warning, proof). documentum -i, n. (example, pattern, warning, proof). dodrans -antis, m. (three fourths); as a measure of length, (nine inches). dogma -atis, n. (a philosophical doctrine). Dolabella -ae, m. (a Roman family name in the gens Cornelia). dolabra -ae, f. (a pick-axe). doleo dolere dolui, (to suffer pain), physical or mental, (to be pained, to grieve); of things, (to cause pain). Hence partic. dolens, (painful);adv. dolenter,(painfully, sorrowfully). dolium -i, n. (a wine-jar, cask). dolo (1) -are, (to hew with an axe, to work roughly); 'caput fuste', (to cudgel). dolo (2) or dolon -onis, m. (1) (a pike, sword-stick). (2) (a small foresail). dolor -oris, m. (pain), physical or mental; esp. (disappointment, resentment). Transf., (cause of sorrow); rhet., (pathos). dolosus -a -um, (crafty, deceitful, cunning); adv. dolose. dolus -i, m. (a device, artifice; fraud, deceit, guile; a trap). domabilis -e, (tameable). domesticus -a -um, (1) (belonging to house or family, domestic); m. as subst. esp. plur., (members of one's family). (2) (native); 'crudelitas', (towards citizens);, 'bellum', (civil war). domicilium -i, n. (place of residence, dwelling). domina -ae, f. (mistress of a household; wife, mistress, lady); of abstr. things, (ruler, controller). dominatio -onis, f. (mastery, control; irresponsible power, despotism). dominator -oris, m. (ruler, governor). dominatrix -icis, f. (a female ruler, mistress). dominatus -us, m. (mastery, absolute power). dominium -i, n. (1) (rule, power, ownership). (2) (a feast, banquet). dominor -ari, dep. (to rule, be supreme, domineer). dominus -i, m. (master of a house, lord, master). Transf., (husband or lover; a master, owner, possessor; employer; ruler, lord, controller). domiporta -ae, f. (one with her house on her back, the snail). Domitianus -i, m. (son of Vespasian, brother of Titus, emperor from 81 to 96 A.D.). Domitius -a -um, (name of a plebeian gens in Rome). domito -are, (to tame, subdue, break in). domitor -oris, m. (tamer, conqueror, victor). domitrix -icis, f. (she who tames). domitus -us, m. (taming). domo domare domui domitum, (to tame, break in, conquer, subdue). domus -us, f. (a house, home); locative domi, (at home, in the house); 'domi habere', (to, have at home, to possess); domum, (home, homewards); domo, (from home)., Transf., (dwelling, abode; native country; household; philosophical school or, sect). donarium -i, n. (1) (a temple, shrine, altar). (2) (a votive offering). donatio -onis, f. (giving, donation). donativum -i, n. (an imperial largess). donec (older donicum), (1) (up to the time when, until). (2) (so long as, while). dono -are, (1) 'rem homini', (to give as a present, to present, grant, bestow, give up);, esp. (to remit a debt or obligation; to forgive, pardon). (2) 'hominem re', (to present with). donum -i, n. (a gift, present); 'dono dare', (to give as a present); esp. (a votive, offering). dorcas -adis, f. (gazelle, antelope). Dores -um, m. (the Dorians, one of the Hellenic tribes); adj. Doricus and Dorius -a -um, (Dorian, Greek). F. Doris -idis: as adj., (Dorian); as subst., (the country of, the Dorians; the wife of Nereus); meton., (the sea). dormio -ire, (to sleep; to rest, be inactive). dormito -are, (to be sleepy, begin to sleep, nod; to dream, be lazy); of a lamp, 'iam, dormitante lucerna', (just going out). dormitorius -a -um, (for sleeping). dorsum -i, n. (the back), of men, animals or things; 'immane dorsum mari summo', (a, reef); (a mountain ridge). dos dotis, f. (a dowry, marriage portion; a gift, quality, endowment). dotalis -e, (belonging to or forming a dowry). doto -are, (to provide with a dowry, endow); partic. dotatus -a -um, (richly endowed). drachma (drachuma) -ae, f. (a drachma, a small Greek coin). draco -onis, m. (a kind of snake, dragon). draconigena -ae, c. (dragon-born). drapeta -ae, m. (a runaway slave). Drepanum -i, n. and Drepana -orum, plur.(a town on the west coast of Sicily). dromas -adis, m. (a dromedary). Druentia -ae, f. (a river in Gaul) (now Durance). Druides -um and Druidae -arum, m. (the Druids). Drusus -i, m. (a cognomen of the gens Livia); hence adj. Drusianus and Drusinus -a -um, (of Drusus); subst. Drusilla -ae, f. (the name of several females of the gens, Livia). Dryas -adis, f. (a wood nymph, Dryad). dubitabilis -e, (doubtful, uncertain). dubitatio -onis, f. (doubt, uncertainty; hesitation, irresolution). dubito -are, (1)(to doubt, waver in opinion, be uncertain).(2) (to waver as to action, be, irresolute, hesitate). Adv. from partic. dubitanter, (doubtingly). dubius -a -um, (doubtful). (1) act., (wavering); in opinion, (doubting; uncertain); as to, action, (hesitating, irresolute). (2) pass., (uncertain, doubted, doubtful);, n. as subst.; 'in dubium vocare', (to call in question); 'procul dubio', (without doubt). (3) fig., (doubtful, dangerous, critical). Adv. dubie, (doubtfully); 'haud dubie', (certainly). duceni -ae -a, (a group of two hundred, or two hundred each). ducentesima -ae, f. (the two hundredth part, one-half percent). ducenti -ae -a, (two hundred). ducenties (ducentiens), (two hundred times). duco ducere duxi ductum, (1) (to draw; to draw along or away); hence (to shape anything long, to, construct); 'carmina', (to make verses); of time either (to spend or to delay, protract). Transf., (to charm, influence, mislead; to derive). (2) (to draw, in); 'aera spiritu', (to inhale); 'pocula', (to quaff). (3) (to lead); in, marriage, (to marry a wife); milit., either (to lead on the march), or (to, command).(4) (to calculate, reckon; to esteem, consider). ductim, (by drawing; in a stream). ductito -are, (to lead), esp. (to lead home a wife). Transf. (to cheat). ducto -are, (to lead), esp. (to lead home a wife). Transf. (to cheat). ductor -oris, m. (a leader, commander, a guide). ductus -us, m. (1) (drawing, drawing off). (2) (shaping, shape); 'oris', (the lineaments, of the face); 'muri', (line of a wall). (3) (leading, command, leadership). dudum, (some time ago; a little while ago, not long since; a long while ago or for a, long time). duellum, duellicus, duellator = bellum, bellicus, bellator; q.v. Duilius -a -um, (name of a Roman gens). dulcedo -inis, f. (sweetness, pleasantness, charm). dulcesco -ere, (to become sweet). dulciculus -a -um, (somewhat sweet). dulcis -e, (sweet); 'unda', (fresh water); in gen., (pleasant, delightful, agreeable); of, persons, (friendly, dear). N. acc. dulce and adv. dulciter, (sweetly). dulcitudo -inis, f. (sweetness). dum, (1) adv., joined as an enclitic with other words; 'nondum', (not yet);, 'vixdum', (scarcely yet); 'nedum', (not to say); 'age dum', (come now); (2), conj.: (while, during the time that; so long as, provided that; until). dumetum -i, n. (a thorn brake, thicket). dummodo, (provided that, so long as). dumosus -a -um, (covered with thorn bushes, bushy). dumtaxat, (1) (at least, not less than). (2) (at most, not more than). dumus -i, m. (a thorn bush, bramble). duo -ae -o, irreg. num. (two). duodecies (duodeciens), (twelve times). duodecim, indecl. num. (twelve). duodecimus -a -um, (twelfth). duodeni -ae -a, (twelve at a time or twelve each). duodequadragesimus -a -um, (thirty-eighth). duodequadraginta, (thirty-eight). duodequinquagesimus -a -um, (forty-eighth). duodetricies (duodetriciens), (twenty-eight times). duodetriginta, (twenty-eight). duodeviceni -ae -a, (eighteen each). duodeviginti, (eighteen). duoetvicesimani -orum, m. (soldiers of the 22nd legion). duoetvicesimus -a -um, (twenty-second). duplex -plicis, (double, doubled, twofold). Transf. (1) plur., (both). (2) (two-faced, deceitful, equivocal). Adv. dupliciter, (doubly). duplicarius -a -um: 'miles', (a soldier who gets double pay). duplico -are, (to double); of words, (to repeat); also (to form compound words). Transf., (to bend double); in gen., (to lengthen, increase). duplus -a -um, (twice as much, double); n. as subst. (double), esp. (a double penalty). dupondius -i, m. (a coin of two asses). durabilis -e, (lasting, durable). duramen -inis, n. (hardness). durateus -a -um, (wooden). duresco durescere durui, (to grow hard); of water, (to freeze). duritas -atis, f. (harshness, unfriendliness). duritia -ae, f. (hardness); fig., (austerity, harshness, severity). durities -ei, f. (hardness); fig., (austerity, harshness, severity). duro -are, transit., (to make hard or hardy, to inure); intransit., (to become hard or, dry; to be hard or callous; to endure, hold out; to last, remain, continue). durus -a -um, (hard, harsh; tough, strong, enduring); in demeanour or tastes, (rough, rude, uncouth); in character, (hard, austere),sometimes (brazen, shameless); of, things, (hard, awkward, difficult, adverse). Adv. dure and duriter, (hardly, hardily; roughly, rudely; harshly, unpleasantly, severely). duumvir and duovir -viri, m. usually pl., (a pair of magistrates, a commission of two). dux ducis, c. (1) (a guide, conductor). (2) (a leader, ruler, commander). dynastes -is, m. (ruler, prince). Dyrrhachium -i, n. (a port in Illyria). e, prep. with abl. = ex; q.v. ea, adv. = abl. of is; q.v. eadem, (by the same way, likewise). eatenus, adv. (so far). ebenus -i, m. = hebenus; q.v. ebibo -bibere -bibi, (to drink up). eblandior -iri, dep. (to obtain by flattery). ebrietas -atis, f. (drunkenness). ebriolus -a -um, (tipsy). ebriositas -atis, f. (love of drink, drunkenness). ebriosus -a -um, (drink-loving). ebrius -a -um, (drunk, intoxicated). ebullio -ire, (to boil up; to boast of). ebulum -i, n. (or -us -i, m.), (the dwarf elder). ebur -oris, n. (ivory). Transf. (1) (things made of ivory). (2) (the elephant). eburneolus -a -um, (made of ivory). eburneus -a -um, (made of ivory, white as ivory). eburnus -a -um, (made of ivory, white as ivory). ecastor, see Castor. ecce, (behold! lo! see!). eccere, (there you are!). ecclesia -ae, f. (an assembly of the (Greek) people). ecdicus -i, m. (a solicitor for a community). Ecetra -ae, f. (capital of the Volsci). ecf-, see eff-. echeneis -idis, f. (a sucking fish, the remora). echinus -i, m. (1) (an edible sea-urchin). (2) (a copper dish). echo -us, f. (an echo); personif., (Echo, a wood-nymph). eclogarii -orum, m. pl. (select passages or extracts). ecquando, adv. (ever? at any time?). ecqui, ecquae or ecqua, ecquod, interrog. adj., (is there any...that? does any...?). ecquis, ecquid, interrog. pron., (is there any that? does anyone?). Hence ecquid or, ecqui, (at all?) or (whether?); ecquo, (whither?). eculeus -i, m. (a little horse, colt; a rack, instrument of torture). edacitas -atis, f. (greediness, gluttony). edax -acis, f. (greedy, gluttonous; destructive, consuming). edepol, see Pollux. edico -dicere -dixi -dictum, (to announce, declare); esp. of a magistrate, (to decree, ordain by, proclamation). Hence partic. as subst. edictum -i, (a decree, edict). edictio -onis, f. (an edict). edicto -are, (to proclaim). edisco -discere -didici, (to learn thoroughly). edissero -serere -serui -sertum, (to explain, set forth, relate fully). edisserto -are, (to explain exactly). editicius -a -um, (announced, proposed); 'iudices', (jurors chosen by a plaintiff). editio -onis, f. (the publishing of a book; a statement); 'editio tribuum', (a proposal by a, plaintiff for the choice of a jury). edo (1) edere or esse edi esum, (to eat, devour, consume, waste). edo (2) -dere -didi -ditum, (to put forth, give out);'animam', (to breathe one's last, die); 'clamorem', (to utter). Esp. (1) (to bring into the world, to bring forth, give birth to);, of things, (to produce). (2) (to make known): of writings, (to publish); of, ideas and information, (to divulge, spread); officially, (to proclaim); as, legal t.t., (to fix, determine, nominate). (3) (to bring about, cause, produce); of magistrates, (to provide games for the people). Hence partic., editus -a -um, (raised, high, lofty); n. as subst. (a high place, eminence). edoceo -docere -docui -doctum, (to instruct thoroughly, inform fully). edomo -domare -domui -domitum, (to tame thoroughly, entirely subdue). Edoni -orum, (a Thracian people, famed for the worship of Bacchus); adj. Edonus -a -um, and, Edonis -nidis, f. (Thracian). edormio -ire, (to have one's sleep out); transit., (to sleep off). edormisco -ere, (to sleep off). educatio -onis, f. (bringing up, training, education). educator -oris, m. (one who brings up; a foster-father or tutor). educatrix -icis, f. (a foster-mother, nurse). educo (1) -ducere -duxi -ductum, (1) (to draw out, lead out); of time, (to spend); milit., (to march troops, out); legal, (to bring before a court of law); naut., (to take a ship out of, port). (2) (to raise up) (of persons and buildings); 'in astra', (to praise, sky-high). (3) (to bring up, rear). educo (2) -are, (to bring up, raise, rear, educate). edulis -e, (eatable). eduro -are, (to last, endure). edurus -a -um, (very hard). effarcio, = effercio; q.v. effatum -i, n. from partic. of effor; q.v. effectio -onis, f. (practicing). Transf., (an efficient cause). effector -oris, m. (one who produces, causes, originates). effectrix -icis, f. (she that causes or produces). effectus (1) -a -um, partic. of efficio; q.v. effectus (2) -us, m. (doing, execution, performance; effect, result). effemino -are, (to make into a woman); in character, (to make effeminate). Hence partic., effeminatus -a -um, (effeminate, womanish); adv. effeminate. effercio or effarcio -fercire -fertum, (to stuff full); partic. effertus, (stuffed). efferitas -atis, f. (wildness, savagery). effero (1) -are, (to make wild, make savage); partic. efferatus -a -um, (wild, savage). effero (2) (ecfero) efferre extuli elatum, (1) (to carry out, bring out); 'efferre signa', (to march out). Esp. (to carry, to the grave, bury); pass. efferri, (to be borne out, buried); of the earth, (to bring forth, bear); (to utter, express, publish) words or ideas. (2) (to, carry off or away); pass. efferri, (to be carried away) by feelings. (3) (to, raise up, lift up; to praise, extol); 'efferri' or 'se efferre', (to pride, oneself, be puffed up). (3) (to endure to the end). Hence partic. elatus -a, -um, (elevated, exalted); adv. elate, (loftily). effertus -a -um, partic. from effercio; q.v. efferus -a -um, (savage, wild). effervesco -fervescere -fervi, (to boil up, effervesce); of an orator, (to be passionate). effervo -ere, (to boil up or over; to swarm forth). effetus -a -um, (weakened (by giving birth), effete). efficacitas -atis, f. (efficacy). efficax -acis, (effective, efficient, efficacious); adv. efficaciter. efficiens -entis, partic. from efficio; q.v. efficientia -ae, f. (efficiency). efficio -ficere -feci -fectum, (to do, produce, effect, make); of results, (to bring about, cause) (esp. with, ut and the subj.); of numbers, (to make up, amount to); philosoph. (to prove, show); of appointments and changes, (to make). Hence partic. efficiens -entis, (effective); 'causa', (efficient cause); adv. efficienter, (efficiently, powerfully). effigia -ae, f. (an image, likeness, effigy; a shade, ghost; an ideal). effigies -ei, f. (an image, likeness, effigy; a shade, ghost; an ideal). effingo -fingere -finxi -fictum, (1) (to wipe). (2) (to mold, form, fashion; esp. to form one thing like, another), and so (to copy, represent, express in words, conceive in, thoughts). effio (ecf-) -fieri, old pass. of efficio; q.v. efflagitatio -onis, f. (an urgent demand). efflagitatu, abl. sing. m., (at an urgent request). efflagito -are, (to ask earnestly, demand, entreat). effligo -ere -flixi -flictum, (to destroy). efflo -are, (to blow out, breathe out); 'animam', (to die). effloresco -florescere -florui, (to blossom, break into bloom). effluo (ecfluo) -fluere -fluxi, (to flow out). Transf. (1) (to vanish, drop off).(2) (to pass out of mind, be, forgotten). (3) (to come to light, become known). effluvium -i, n. (flowing out, outlet). effodio -fodere -fodi -fossum, (1) (to dig out, gouge out). (2) (to make by digging, excavate). (3) (to gut, to rummage). effor (ecfor) -fari -fatus, dep. (to speak out, express, speak); in logic, (to state a proposition); in, religion, (formally to dedicate a place). Hence partic. effatus -a -um, (pronounced; dedicated). effrenatio -onis, f. (unbridled impetuosity). effreno -are, (to unbridle, let loose); partic. effrenatus -a -um, (unbridled, unrestrained, violent); adv. effrenate. effrenus -a -um, (unbridled, unrestrained). effringo -fringere -fregi -fractum, (to break open). effugio -fugere -fugi -fugitum, intransit., (to flee, fly away, escape, get off); transit., (to escape from, avoid, shun). effugium -i, n. (a flying away, flight; means or opportunity of flight). effulgeo -fulgere -fulsi, (to shine out, glitter; to be distinguished, conspicuous). effultus -a -um, (resting upon, supported by). effundo (ecf-) -fundere -fudi -fusum, (to pour out, pour forth, shed); of solids, (to fling out, empty out); with, violence, (to throw off, fling down); esp. of horses, (to throw their riders);, of weapons, (to discharge); 'spiritum extremum', (to die); 'se effundere', and, 'effundi', (to stream forth, pour forth), also (to give oneself up to, to, indulge in); of sounds, (to utter); with ideas of generosity, waste, etc., (to, pour out freely, squander); 'habenas', (to slacken). Hence partic. effusus -a, -um, (poured out); hence (widespread, extensive; extravagant, wasteful;, unrestrained); adv. effuse. effusio -onis, f. (a pouring forth; violent movement; extravagance, prodigality; exuberance, of spirits). effusus, partic. from effundo; q.v. effutio -ire, (to blab out, chatter). egelidus -a -um, (with the chill off, lukewarm, tepid). egens -entis, partic. from egeo; q.v. egenus -a -um, (needy, destitute); with genit. or abl., (in need of). egeo -ere -ui, (to want, be in need); with genit. or abl. (to be in want of, to be without, not to have); also (to desire, wish for, want). Hence partic. egens -entis, (needy, destitute); with genit., (in need of). Egeria -ae, f. (a nymph, instructress of Numa Pompilius). egero -gerere -gessi -gestum, (to carry out or off). egestas -atis, f. (poverty, indigence, need); with genit., (want of). egestio -onis, f. (wasting). ego, (I); plur. nos, (we) (often used for sing.); 'alter ego', (my second self);, 'ad me', (to my house); 'apud me', (at my house), also (in my senses). egredior -gredi -gressus, dep.: intransit., (to go out, pass out); milit., (to march out); naut.,'egredi, ex navi', (to disembark);in speech, (to digress); sometimes (to go up, ascend); transit., (to go out of, pass beyond, overstep, pass). egregius -a -um, (not of the common herd; excellent, extraordinary, distinguished); adv., egregie. egressus -us, m. (going out, departure); esp. (landing from a ship, disembarkation)., Transf., (a passage out; the mouth of a river); in speech, (digression). ehem, (oho! well well!). eheu, (alas! woe!). eho, (hi! what's going on!). ei (hei), (ah! woe!). eia and heia: expressing joy or surprise, (well!); in exhortation, (come on). eiaculor -ari, dep. (to throw out, hurl out). eicio -icere -ieci iectum, (to throw out, cast out); 'vocem', (to utter); 'armum', (to dislocate); 'se, eicere', (to rush out); naut., (to bring to shore); pass., (to be cast ashore, stranded); 'eiectus', (a ship-wrecked person). Transf. (to drive out, expel, dispossess);'domo', (to divorce); 'ex patria', (to banish); of feelings, (to, cast out, put aside). eiectamentum -i, n. (that which is thrown up). eiectio -onis, f. (banishment, exile). eiecto -are, (to hurl out, eject). eiectus -us, m. (casting out). eiulatio -onis, f. (wailing, lamentation). eiulatus -us, m. (wailing, lamentation). eiulo -are, (to wail, lament). eiuro and eiero -are, (to refuse or deny on oath); 'bonam copiam', (to swear that one is insolvent);, 'forum sibi iniquum', (to declare that a court is partial); 'magistratum', 'imperium', (to resign, abdicate); in gen., (to give up, disown). eiusdemmodi, (of the same kind). eiusmodi, (of this kind, such, so). elabor -labi -lapsus, dep. (to glide out, slip away, escape, disappear). elaboro -are, intransit., (to labor hard, strive, take pains); transit., (to labor on, work, out, elaborate), esp. in partic. elaboratus -a - um, (elaborate, artificial). elamentabilis -e, (very lamentable). elanguesco -guescere -gui, (to become weak, be relaxed). elatio -onis, f. (a lifting up); fig., (exaltation). elatro -are, (to bark out, cry out). elatus -a -um, partic. from effero; q.v. Elea or Velia -ae, f. (town in Lucania, birthplace of Parmenides and Zeno, the founders of the, Eleatic school of philosophy); subst. Eleates -ae, m. (Zeno); adj. Eleaticus, -a -um, (Eleatic). electio -onis, f. (choice, selection). electrum -i, n. (amber); plur. (amber balls; an alloy of gold and silver, resembling, amber). electus (1) -a -um, partic. from eligo; q.v. electus (2) -us, m. (choosing, choice). elegans -antis, (choice, fine, neat, tasteful); in bad sense, (fastidious, fussy); adv., eleganter. elegantia -ae, f. (taste, refinement, grace); in bad sense, (fastidiousness). elegi -orum, m. pl. (elegiac verses). elegia and elegea -ae, f. (an elegy). elementum -i, n. (an element, first principle); in plur., (physical elements; letters of the, alphabet, beginnings, the elements of any science or art). elenchus -i, m. (a pearl pendant worn as an earring). elephantus -i, c. (an elephant; ivory). elephas (-ans) -phantis, m. (an elephant; the disease elephantiasis). elevo -are, (to lift up, raise, elevate; to weaken, impair, disparage; to alleviate, lighten). elicio -licere -licui -licitum, (to lure out, entice, call forth); 'inferorum animas', (to conjure up). elido -lidere -lisi -lisum, (1) (to strike, knock, thrust out, expel). (2) (to dash to pieces, shatter). eligo -ligere -legi -lectum, (to pick out, choose, select); fig., (to root out). Hence partic. electus -a, -um, (chosen, select);adv. electe, (choicely). elimino -are, (to carry out of doors); 'dicta', (to blab). elimo -are, (to file off, polish, elaborate, perfect). elinguis -e, (speechless or without eloquence). Elissa (Elisa) -ae, f. (another name of Dido). elixus -a -um, (boiled, sodden). elleborus (hell-) -i, m. and elleborum (hell-) -i, n. (hellebore), a plant considered a remedy for, madness. eloco -are, (to let, hire out). elocutio -onis, f. (oratorical delivery, elocution). elogium -i, n. (a short saying, maxim; an inscription); esp. on a gravestone, (epitaph);, (a clause in a will, codicil; a record of a case). eloquentia -ae, f. (eloquence). eloquium -i, n. (eloquence). eloquor -loqui -locutus, dep. (to speak out, express); esp. (to speak eloquently); partic. eloquens, -entis, (eloquent); adv. eloquenter. eluceo -lucere -luxi, (to beam forth, shine out, glitter). eluctor -ari, dep: intransit., (to struggle out); transit., (to struggle out of, surmount a, difficulty). elucubro -are, and elucubror -ari, dep. (to compose by lamplight). eludo -ludere -lusi -lusum, intransit., (to finish playing), esp. of the waves of the sea; transit., (to, parry a blow; to ward off, evade; to beat on opponent in play; to delude, mock). elugeo -lugere -luxi, (to mourn for the prescribed period). elumbis -e, (weak, feeble). eluo -luere -lui -lutum, (to wash out, wash clean, rinse, cleanse). Transf., (to squander; to wash, away, efface, remove). Hence partic. elutus -a -um, (washed out, watery, insipid). eluvies -ei, f. (a flowing out, discharge; a flowing over, flood). eluvio -onis, f. (an inundation). Elysium -i, n. (Elysium, the abode of the blessed); adj. Elysius -a -um; m. plur. as, subst. (the Elysian fields). em (1), interj.; = hem; q.v. em (2), interj. (here! hi!); emacitas -atis, f. (fondness for buying). emancipatio -onis, f. (emancipation or transfer). emancipo (-cupo) -are, (to release or emancipate a son from the 'patria potestas'; to transfer or, make over property; to give up persons). emano -are, (to flow out; to arise, spring, emanate, spread abroad). Emathia -ae, f. (a district of Macedonia); adj. Emathius -a -um, and f. Emathis -idis, (Macedonian); Emathides, (the Muses). ematuresco -turescere -turui, (to become mature, to ripen; to become mild, be softened). emax -acis, (fond of buying). emblema -atis, n. (inlaid or mosaic work). embolium -i, n. (a dramatic interlude). emendabilis -e, (that may be amended). emendatio -onis, f. (improvement, emendation, amendment). emendator -oris, m. (amender, corrector). emendatrix -icis, f. (amender, corrector). emendo -are, (to free from errors, correct, improve); partic. emendatus -a -um, (free from, mistakes, correct, faultless); adv. emendate. ementior -iri, dep. (to devise falsely, feign, counterfeit); absol., (to make false, statements). emercor -ari, dep. (to buy up). emereo -ere -ui -itum and emereor -eri -itus, dep.(to obtain by service, earn completely; to deserve well of a person);, milit., (to earn pay, to serve, finish one's time). Hence partic. emeritus -a, -um: m. as subst., (a soldier that has served his time, a veteran); as adj., (worn out, finished with). emergo -mergere -mersi -mersum, transit., (to cause to rise up); 'emergere se' or 'emergi', (to rise up, emerge, free oneself); intransit., (to come forth, come up, emerge, free, oneself, get clear); also (to rise, come to the top; to come to light, appear). emeritus -a -um, partic. from emereo; q.v. emetior -iri -mensus, dep. (to measure out). Transf., (to pass over, traverse a distance); partic., emensus -a -um, in pass. sense, (traversed); (to pass through, live through a, period of time). emeto -ere, (to reap away). emico -micare -micui -micatum, (1) (to spring out, leap forth). (2) (to gleam, shine forth, be conspicuous). emigro -are, (to move from a place, migrate); 'e vita', (to die). eminentia -ae, f. (standing out, prominence; the lights of a picture). emineo -minere -minui, (to project, stand out, be conspicuous, be remarkable). Hence partic. eminens, -entis, (outstanding, projecting; distinguished, eminent). eminor -ari, (to threaten). eminus, (at a distance, from a distance). emiror -ari, dep. (to wonder exceedingly, be astonished at). emissarium -i, n. (an outlet for water). emissarius -i, m. (an emissary, spy). emissio -onis, f. (sending forth, letting loose). emissus -us, m. (sending forth). emitto -mittere -misi -missum, (to send forth, send out). Hence (1) (to dispatch, send on a chosen course);, of books, (to publish). (2) (to let go, let loose, free, let slip). emo emere emi emptum, (to buy, purchase); 'male' or 'magno', (dear); 'bene' or 'parvo', (cheap)., Transf., (to bribe, buy). emoderor -ari, dep. (to moderate). emodulor -ari, dep. (to put to music). emolior -iri, dep. (to achieve by effort). emollio -ire -ivi -itum, (to soften, make mild or effeminate). emolo -ere, (to grind away). emolumentum -i, n. (result of effort; gain, advantage). emoneo -ere, (to warn, admonish). emorior -mori -mortuus, dep. (to die off, perish). emoveo -movere -movi -motum, (to move out or away, remove). Empedocles -is, m. (a poet and philosopher of Agrigentum, of the fifth century B.C.); adj., Empedocleus -a -um; n. pl. as subst. (the doctrine of Empedocles). empiricus -i, m. (an unscientific physician, empiric). emporium -i, n. (a place of trade, market). emptio -onis, f. (buying, purchasing; a purchase). emptito -are, (to buy up). emptor -oris, m. (buyer, purchaser). emugio -ire, (to bellow). emulgeo -mulgere -mulsum, (to drain out, exhaust). emungo -mungere -munxi -munctum, (to clean a nose); with reflex. or in pass., (to wipe one's nose). Transf., (to cheat a person). Hence partic. emunctus -a -um: 'emunctae naris', (with a, clean nose, i.e. shrewd, discerning). emunio -ire, (to fortify, make safe; to build up); 'paludes', (to clear up). en, (sometimes em) (lo! behold! see!). Interrog., (look, say); with imperat., (come). enarrabilis -e, (that can be narrated or told). enarratio -onis, f. (exposition; scansion). enarro -are, (to narrate or explain). enascor -nasci -natus, dep. (to grow out, spring forth, arise). enato -are, (to swim away, escape by swimming, to extricate oneself). enavigo -are, (to sail away); 'undam', (over the waves). endo, archaic = in. q.v. endromis -idis, f. (a rough cloak worn after exercise). Endymion -onis, m. (a beautiful young man, loved by the Moon). eneco (enico) -necare -necui -nectum, (to kill off; to wear out, exhaust, torture). enervis -e, (powerless, weak). enervo -are, (to remove the sinews from; to weaken). Hence partic. enervatus -a -um, (weakened, powerless). enico, = eneco; q.v. enim, conj. (for; namely, for instance; indeed, truly, certainly); 'at enim', (but, you may object.....); 'sed enim', (but indeed). enimvero, (to be sure, certainly). eniteo -ere -ui, (to shine out, shine forth, be conspicuous). enitesco -ere, (to gleam, shine forth). enitor -niti -nisus or -nixus, dep. (to work one's way up, struggle up, ascend); with acc. (to climb); in, gen. (to strive, struggle, make an effort); also transit., (to bring forth, bear). Hence partic. enixus -a -um, (strenuous, eager); adv. enixe. Enna, see Henna. Ennius -i, m. Q. (239-169 B.C) (the 'father of Roman poetry'). eno -are, (to swim out, escape by swimming, flee). enodatio -onis, f. (untying); hence (explanation). enodis -e, (without knots; clear, plain). enodo -are, (to free from knots; to make clear, explain); adv. from partic., enodate, (clearly, plainly). enormis -e, (irregular, unusual; very large, immense, enormous). enormitas -atis, (irregular shape). enotesco -notescere -notui, (to become known, be made public). ensifer -fera -ferum, (sword-bearing). ensiger -gera -gerum, (sword-bearing). ensis -is, m. (sword). enthymema -atis, n. (a thought, line of thought, argument); esp. (a kind of syllogism). enubo -nubere -nupsi -nuptum, of a woman, (to marry out of her rank). enucleo -are, (to take out the kernel);hence (to explain in detail);partic. enucleatus -a, -um, (straightforward, simple, clear); adv. enucleate. enumeratio -onis, f. (counting up, enumeration; recapitulation). enumero -are, (to reckon, count up, enumerate); esp. (to pay out); also (to recount, recapitulate). enuntiatio -onis, f. (an enunciation, proposition). enuntio -are, (to tell, divulge, announce, express in words); in logic, (to state a, proposition); also (to pronounce clearly). N. of partic. as subst. enuntiatum, -i, (a proposition). enuptio -onis, f: 'gentis', (a woman's marrying out of her gens). enutrio -ire, (to nourish, rear, bring up). eo, (1) ire ivi and ii itum, (to go); 'cubitum ire', (to go to bed); milit., 'ire, ad arma', (to fly to arms); polit. '(pedibus) ire in sententiam', (to support, a motion). Transf., (to pass, proceed); in exclamations, 'i', (go to);'melius, ire', (to go better); 'ire in', with acc.(to be changed to). eo, (2). (1) old dat., (thither, to that point); of degree, (so far, to such a, pitch). (2) locative, (there); esp. with 'loci' (partitive genit.).(3) abl., (for that, on that account). eodem, (1) old dat., (to the same place; to the same point or person). (2) locative, (in the same place; in the same condition). Eos, f. (dawn);adj. Eous -a -um, (belonging to the morning, or eastern). epastus -a -um, (eaten up). ephebus -i, m. (a young man between eighteen and twenty). ephemeris -idis, f. (a journal, diary). ephippiatus -a -um, (provided with a saddle). ephippium -i, n. (a horse-cloth, saddle). ephorus -i, m. (an ephor, a Spartan magistrate). epicopus -a -um, (provided with oars). epicrocus -a -um, (transparent, fine). Epicurus -i, m. (an Athenian philosopher, founder of the Epicurean school, (342-270 B.C.));, adj. and subst. Epicureus -a -um, (Epicurean, an Epicurean). epicus -a -um, (epic). epidicticus -a -um, (for display). epidipnis -idis, f. (dessert). epigramma -atis, n. (an inscription; an epigram). epilogus -i, m. (a conclusion, peroration, epilogue). epimenia -orum, n. pl. (a month's rations). epiredium -i, n. (the strap by which a horse was fastened to a vehicle; a trace). Epirus -i, f. (a region in northwest Greece); adj. Epirensis -e, (of Epirus); subst., Epirotes -ae, m. (an Epirote). epistolium -i, n. (a little letter, note). epistula (or epistola) -ae, f. (a written communication, letter, epistle); ' ab epistulis ', (to do with, correspondence), of secretaries. Transf., (sending of letters, post). epitaphium -i, n. (a funeral oration). epithalamium -i, n. (a nuptial song). epitheca -ae, f. (addition). epitoma -ae and epitome -es, f. (abridgment, epitome). epops -opis, m. (the hoopoe). epos, n. (an epic poem). epotus -a -um, (drunk up, drained). Transf. (1) (spent on drink). (2) (swallowed up). epulae -arum, f. (food, dishes, a banquet, feast). epularis -e, (belonging to a banquet). epulo -onis, m. (feaster); 'Tresviri (later Septemviri) epulones', (a college of priests, who had charge of sacrificial feasts). epulor -ari, dep. (to feast, feast on). epulum -i, n. (a banquet, feast), esp. on a public occasion. equa -ae, f. (a mare). eques -itis, m. (a horseman, rider, cavalryman); polit., equites, (the knights, order, between senate and plebs); also collectively in sing. equester -stris -stre, (relating to horsemen, equestrian; relating to cavalry); polit., (relating to, the knights). equidem, (indeed, truly, for my part); concessive, (of course, certainly, admittedly). equinus -a -um, (relating to horses). equitatus -us, m. (cavalry). equito -are, (to ride on horseback); of winds, (to rush). equuleus, = eculeus; q.v. equus -i, m. (older forms equos and ecus) (a horse); 'equus bellator', (a war, horse);'equis virisque', (with horse and foot, with all one's might); 'ad, equum rescribere', (to make a person a knight). era -ae, f. (mistress, lady). eradico -are, (to root out). erado -radere -rasi -rasum, (to scratch out; to destroy, get rid of). Erato, f. (the Muse of lyric and love poetry). ercisco, erctum; = hercisco, herctum; q.v. Erebus -i, m. (a god of the lower world); hence (the lower world). Adj. Erebeus -a -um. Erechtheus -ei, m. (a mythical king of Athens); adj. Erechtheus -a -um, m. (Athenian); subst., Erechthidae -arum, m. pl. (the Athenians). erectus, partic. from erigo; q.v. erepo -repere -repsi -reptum, (to creep out; to creep up or over). ereptio -onis, f. (taking by force, seizure). ereptor -oris, m. (one who takes by force, a robber). erga, prep. with acc., (towards), esp. of personal relations; more generally, (about). ergastulum -i, n. (a workhouse for debtors or slaves); in plur. (the inmates of an, ergastulum). ergo, prep., preceded by genit., (because of, on account of); adv., (therefore, accordingly, then). Erichthonius -i, m. (a mythical king of Athens); also (a mythical king of Troy); adj., Erichthonius -a -um, (Athenian or Trojan). ericius -i, m. (hedgehog); milit., (chevaux de frise). erigo -rigere -rexi -rectum, (to set up, place upright, erect, raise); milit. (to march a body of soldiers, up a height). Transf. (to arouse, excite; encourage, cheer). Hence partic., erectus -a -um, (raised, upright, erect; high, elevated, proud; alert, anxious, intent, with minds on the stretch; resolute, cheerful). erilis -e, (of a master or mistress). Erinys -yos, f. (one of the Furies); plur. Erinyes, (the Furies). Transf., (scourge, curse). eripio -ripere -ripui -reptum, (to snatch away, tear out); in good sense, (to free, rescue). Hence partic., ereptus -a -um, (snatched away or rescued). erogatio -onis, f. (payment, expenditure). erogo -are, (to ask for and obtain); used in the sense (to pay out) money, esp. from, public funds. errabundus -a -um, (wandering). erraticus -a -um, (wandering, erratic). erratio -onis, f. (wandering, straying). erratus -us, m. (wandering, straying). erro (1) -are, (to wander, stray, rove); transit. (to wander over). Transf., (to waver, to, err, be mistaken). N. of partic. as subst., erratum -i, (a fault, error), technically or morally. erro (2) -onis, m. (a wanderer, vagabond). error -oris, m. (wandering about). Transf., (wavering, uncertainty, error, mistake; source, of error, deception). erubesco -rubescere -rubui, (to grow red, blush); with infinit., (to blush to); with acc. (to blush for, to respect); gerundive erubescendus -a -um, (of which one should be ashamed). eruca -ae, f. (a colewort). eructo -are, (to belch forth, throw up, vomit). Transf. (1) (to talk drunkenly about). (2), (to cast out, eject). erudio -ire, (to free from roughness; to instruct, teach, educate). Hence partic. eruditus, -a -um, (instructed, educated); adv. erudite, (learnedly). eruditio -onis, f. (teaching, instruction; knowledge, learning). erumpo -rumpere -rupi -ruptum, transit., (to break open, cause to burst forth; to vent, discharge);, intransit., (to break out, burst forth); milit., (to rush forth). eruo -ruere -rui -rutum, (to tear out, dig up); of buildings, (to raze, demolish). eruptio -onis, f. (a bursting or breaking forth); milit. (sally, attack). erus -i, m. (master, owner, lord). ervum -i, n. (bitter vetch). Eryx -rycis or Erycus -i, m. (a mountain and city on the west coast of Sicily, with a famous temple of, Venus).Adj. Erycinus -a -um; f. as subst. (Venus). esca -ae, f. (food, victuals), esp. (as bait). * escarius -a -um, (relating to food or bait). escendo -scendere -scendi -scensum, intransit., (to climb up, ascend; to go up from the seacoast inland);, transit., (to ascend). escensio -onis, f. (a movement inland), esp. hostile. esculentus -a -um, (edible, esculent). esculetum, esculus; see aesc-. esito -are, (to keep eating). Esquiliae -arum, f. (one of the seven hills of Rome, the Esquiline). Hence adj. Esquilius and, Esquilinus -a -um, (Esquiline); f. as subst. Esquilina, -ae, (the Esquiline, gate). essedarius -i, m. (a fighter in a British or Gallic war-chariot). essedum -i, n. (a war-chariot used by Gauls and Britons). esu, abl. sing. m., (in the eating). esurio -ire, (to be hungry, desire food); in gen., (to long for). esuritio -onis, f. (hunger). et, as adv., (also, even); as conj., (and; and indeed); in narrative, (and then);, occasionally adversative, (and yet); after alius, idem, par, (as or than);, repeated et....et...., (both....and...); so -que....et....; nec (neque)....et, (not only not....but) etenim, (for indeed). etesiae -arum, m. pl. (winds which blow after the dogdays, Etesian winds). ethologus -i, m. (a mimic). etiam, (1) (as yet, still); etiam atque etiam, (again and again).(2) (also, besides, even); 'non solum (or modo)...sed (or verum) etiam', (not only... but also);, with comparatives, (still). (3) in answers, (yes, certainly). (4) in, questions, expressing incredulity, (actually? really ?). etiamnum and etiamnunc, (yet, still, till now). etiamsi, (even if, although). etiamtum and etiamtunc, (even then, till that time, till then). Etruria -ae, f. (a district in northwest Italy); hence adj. and subst. Etruscus -a -um, (Etruscan, an Etruscan). etsi, (even if, although); elliptically, (and yet, notwithstanding). etymologia -ae, f. (etymology). eu, (good! well done!). Euan or Euhan, m. (a name of Bacchus). euans or euhans -antis, (shouting Euan), of Bacchanals. euge, (well done!). eugepae, (well done!). Euias or Euhias -adis, f. (a Bacchante). Euius or Euhius -i, m. (a name of Bacchus). Eumenides -um, f. (Eumenides, the gracious one), euphem. for the Furies. eunuchus -i, m. (a eunuch). euoe, euhoe, interj., (shout of the Bacchantes). Euripides -is, m. (the Athenian tragic poet (c.485-406 B.C.)); adj. Euripideus -a -um. Euripus -i, m. (a channel, strait), esp. (the strait between Euboea and Boeotia); (a canal, or watercourse). Europa -ae, f. and Europe -es, f.: myth., (daughter of Agenor, whom Jupiter, in the form, of a bull, carried off to Crete); geograph., (the continent of Europe). Adj., Europaeus -a -um, (belonging to Europa or to Europe). Eurus -i, m. (the southeast or east wind); adj. Eurous -a -um, (eastern). Euterpe -es, f. (Muse of harmony). Euxinus -a -um, (an epithet of the Black Sea). evado -vadere -vasi -vasum, Intransit., (to go out, go forth); esp. (to climb up or out; to escape, get, off). Transit., (to go out or through, pass over; to climb up; to escape). evagor -ari, dep.: intransit., (to wander out, stray away); milit., (to wheel right and, left, manoeuvre); transit., (to overstep). evalesco -valescere -valui, (to grow strong, prevail, come into vogue); in perf., (to have power, be, able). evanesco -vanescere -vanui, (to vanish, disappear, pass away). evanidus -a -um, (vanishing, passing away). evasto -are, (to devastate, lay waste utterly). eveho -vehere -vexi -vectum, (to carry out or up); with reflex. or pass., of ships, (to sail away); of, riders, (to ride away). evello -vellere -velli -vulsum, (to tear out, pluck out). evenio -venire -veni -ventum, (to come out). Transf., (to turn out, result; to befall, happen, occur).Hence, n. of partic. as subst. eventum -i, (issue, consequence, result; event, occurrence, experience). eventus -us, m. (consequence, issue, result; event, occurrence, experience). everbero -are, (to strike violently). everriculum -i, n. (a fishing-net, drag-net); fig., (a clean sweep). everro -verrere -verri -versum, (to sweep out; to plunder). eversio -onis, f. (overturning, destruction, ruin). eversor -oris, m. (overturner, destroyer). everto -vertere -verti -versum, (to turn out, dislodge, eject; to turn up, stir; to overturn, throw down, demolish, destroy, ruin). evestigatus -a -um, (tracked out, discovered). evidens -entis, (visible, clear, plain, evident); adv. evidenter. evidentia -ae, f. (distinctness of language). evigilo -are, intransit. (to wake up; to be awake, be vigilant); transit., (to watch, through, pass in watching; to work hard at, to elaborate). evilesco -vilescere -vilui, (to become contemptible). evincio -vincere -vinxi -vinctum, (to bind, bind round). evinco -vincere -vici -victum, (to conquer entirely, utterly subdue); in gen. (to prevail over, get through, get over); of results, (to bring about); of conculusions, (to prove, irresistibly). eviscero -are, (to disembowel, tear in pieces). evitabilis -e, (that can be avoided). evito -are, (to avoid, shun). evocator -oris, m. (one that calls to arms). evoco -are, (to call out); esp. (to summon the spirits of the dead, or a deity); milit., and polit. (to call out, call up, summon). Transf., (to draw out, draw on; to, call forth, produce). M. pl. of partic. as subst., evocati -orum, (veteran, soldiers recalled to the colors). evoe, see euoe. evolo -are, (to fly out, fly away; to come out quickly, rush forth, escape). evolutio -onis, f. (the unrolling and reading of a book). evolvo -volvere -volvi -volutum, (1) (to roll out, roll forth); of news, evolvi, (to spread). (2) (to unroll, roll open); esp. (to unroll a book to read it). Transf.(to extricate, disentangle, detach; to unravel, disclose, explain). evomo -ere -ui -itum, (to vomit forth, disgorge). evulgo -are, (to publish, make known). evulsio -onis, f. (pulling out). ex or e, prep. with abl. (1) in space, (from or out of); 'ex equo pugnare', (to fight, on horseback) (operating from it); 'ex adverso', (opposite). (2) in time, (since); also (immediately after); 'aliud ex alio', (one thing after, another).(3) in other relations: to denote origin, (from, away from, out of, of); 'ex animo', (heartily); 'ex industria', (on purpose); 'unus ex', (one, of); 'pocula ex auro', (gold cups); to denote cause or occasion, (from, on, account of, by reason of); 'e vulnere mori', (to die of a wound); to denote, correspondence, (in accordance with); 'ex re et ex tempore', (according to, time and circumstance); to denote advantage, e.g. 'e republica', (for the, benefit of the state); in gen. (in regard to); 'ex parte', (in part). exacerbo -are, (to provoke, exasperate, embitter). exactio -onis, f. (driving out, expulsion; demanding, exacting), esp. (collecting of debts, tribute, etc.); in gen., (management, direction). exactor -oris, m. (one who drives out; one who demands or exacts), esp. (a collector of, taxes); in gen., (superintendent, overseer). exactus -a -um, partic. from exigo; q.v. exacuo -uere -ui -utum, (to sharpen to a point, make sharp, intensify, stimulate). exadversum or exadversus, (opposite). exaedificatio -onis, f. (building up). exaedifico -are, (to build up, erect, finish). exaequatio -onis, f. (making equal). exaequo -are, (1) (to make level or equal,level up, relate). (2) (to equal, be like). exaestuo -are, (to be hot, boil up, foam up). exaggeratio -onis, f. (heaping up); hence (elevation, exaltation). exaggero -are, (to heap up; to enlarge, increase; to heighten, exalt, magnify). exagitator -oris, m. (a censurer). exagito -are, (to chase about; to harass, disquiet, disturb; to scold, blame, censure, criticize; to excite, irritate). exalbesco -bescere -bui, (to grow white, turn pale). examen -inis, n. (1) (a swarm; a throng, crowd, shoal). (2) (the tongue of a balance;, testing, consideration). examino -are, (to weigh; to consider). examussim, (according to rule, exactly). exanclo -are, (to drain, exhaust; to bear to the end, endure). exanimalis -e, (dead; deadly). exanimatio -onis, f. (want of breath), esp. from fright. exanimis -e, (lifeless, dead); also (breathless), esp. from fright. exanimo -are, (1) (to take away the breath of, to wind, stun, weaken). (2) (to deprive of, life, to kill). exanimus -a -um, (lifeless, dead). exantlo, = exanclo; q.v. exardesco -ardescere -arsi -arsum, (to blaze up, to become hot, or inflamed); of disturbances, (to break out). exaresco -arescere -arui, (to dry, become dry or exhausted). exarmo -are, (to disarm, deprive of arms). exaro -are, (to plow up, dig up; to produce by plowing); hence (to write on waxen, tablets). exaspero -are, (to make rough, to irritate). exauctoro -are, (to dismiss from military service, discharge, cashier). exaudio -ire, (to hear plainly; to hear favorably, listen to). exaugeo -ere, (to increase much). exauguratio -onis, f. (profanation, desecration). exauguro -are, (to desecrate, profane). exauspico -are, (to take an augury from). excaeco -are, (to make quite blind; to stop up) a channel. excalceo -are, (to take the shoes from); in drama, (to take the tragic cothurnus from an, actor). excandescentia -ae, f. (heat, irascibility). excandesco -descere -dui, (to become hot, glow). excanto -are, (to charm out, bring forth by incantation). excarnifico -are, (to tear to pieces). excavo -are, (to hollow out). excedo -cedere -cessi -cessum, intransit., (to go out, go away, pass out); 'e vita', (to die); (to go beyond), a point or limit; (to attain to, to result in); transit., (to leave, pass, beyond, exceed). excellentia -ae, f. (eminence, distinction). excello -ere, (to stand out, excel, be distinguished); partic. excellens, (high, lofty, eminent, remarkable); adv. excellenter, (eminently). excelsitas -atis, f. (height, elevation). excelsus -a -um, adj., (lofty, high, elevated, eminent). N. as subst. excelsum -i, (a height, eminence). Adv. excelse, (loftily). exceptio -onis, f. (exception, restriction, limitation); esp. (an exception by the defendant, to the plaintiff's statement of a case). excepto -are, (1) (to take up, catch); 'auras', (to snuff up). (2) (to take in succession). excerno -cernere -crevi -cretum, (to separate, sift, sort). excerpo -cerpere -cerpsi -cerptum, (to pick out; to gather out, choose; to put on one side, separate). N. of, partic. as subst. excerptum -i, (an extract). excessus -us, m. (departure); from life, (death); from subject, (digression). excetra -ae, f. (a snake, viper). excidium -i, n. (overthrow, destruction). excido (1) -cidere -cidi, (to fall out, fall away, be lost); of words, (to slip out unawares, escape);, of ideas, (to pass from memory or thought, be forgotten). excido (1) -cidere -cidi -cisum, (to cut out);'lapides e terra', (to quarry). Transf., (1) (to destroy, demolish); 'portas', (to force open). (2) (to root out, banish). excieo and excio -cire -civi and -cii -citum, (to call out, arouse); esp. (to awaken from sleep or to summon for help); in, gen., of persons, (to excite, arouse); of feelings, (to call forth, excite, produce); of material things, (to stir, shake). excipio -cipere -cepi -ceptum, (1) (to take out); hence, (to rescue; to except). (2)(to take up, catch; to, greet, welcome) a person;(to pick up) news or ideas by listening; of events, (to come upon) people. (3) passively, (to receive, to take over from, follow, succeed, come later). excisio -onis, (destruction). excito -are, (to arouse, rouse up); of things, (to provoke, call forth, cause); of persons, (to console, cheer, inspire); of buildings, (to raise, erect); of fire, (to, kindle, inflame). Hence partic. excitatus -a -um, (lively, vigorous, loud). exclamatio -onis, f. (exclamation). exclamo -are, (to shout, cry aloud; to exclaim; to call somebody by name). excludo -cludere -clusi -clusum, (to shut out, exclude, keep away);of things, (to knock out); of birds, (to, hatch). exclusio -onis, f. (shutting out, exclusion). excogitatio -onis, f. (contriving, devising). excogito -are, (to think out, devise, contrive, invent). excolo -colere -colui -cultum, (to tend or cultivate carefully; to adorn, polish, refine; to serve, honor) a, deity or person. excoquo -coquere -coxi -coctum, (to boil down, boil away; to cook, bake, make hard); fig., (to cook up). excors -cordis, (foolish, silly, without intelligence). excrementum -i, n. (excrement); 'oris', (spittle). excresco -crescere -crevi -cretum, (to grow up, spring up). excretus -a -um, partic. of excerno, or of excresco. excrucio -are, (to torture, torment). excubiae -arum, f. pl. (lying out); milit., (keeping watch, keeping guard). Transf., (watchfires; watchmen, guard). excubitor -oris, m. (sentinel, watchman, guard). excubo -bare -bui -bitum, (to lie or sleep out of doors); milit., (to keep watch; to be watchful, vigilant). excudo -cudere -cudi -cusum, (to strike out, beat out); esp. (to hammer, forge); of birds, (to hatch)., Transf. of bees, (to mold); of writers, (to compose). exculco -are, (to trample firm, tread hard). excuratus -a -um, (carefully seen to). excurro -currere -cucurri and -curri -cursum, (to run out, hasten forth); milit., (to attack, make a sortie); with acc., (to, run over); fig., (to run out, move freely); of places, (to run out, to, project). excursio -onis, f. (running out; movement forwards); fig., (outset of a speech); milit., (attack, assault, sally). excursor -oris, m. (scout, skirmisher). excursus -us, m. (running out); rhet., (digression); milit., (attack, sally, assault). excusabilis -e, (excusable). excusatio -onis, f. (an excuse, plea, defence). excuso -are, (to exempt from blame or accusation; to excuse) a person, (to make excuses, for) a thing; (to allege in excuse, to plead). Hence partic. excusatus -a -um, (free from blame); adv. excusate, (excusably). excutio -cutere -cussi -cussum, (1) (to shake out); esp., (to shake out) clothes to find anything hidden;, hence (to search, examine) a person; fig. (to investigate). (2) (to strike, off, throw out, knock away, shake off). exec-, see exsec-. exedo -esse -edi -esum, (to eat up, devour, consume; to wear down, exhaust, destroy). exedra -ae, f. (a hall for conversation or debate). exemplaris -e, (serving as a copy); n. as subst. exemplar -aris, (a copy, transcript; a, likeness; a pattern, ideal). exemplum -i, n. (1) (a sample, example); 'exempli causa (or gratia)', (for instance);, (general character, manner, fashion) (as shown by examples); (an example to be, followed, model; a precedent; an example of what may happen, warning, object, lesson); hence (a punishment intended to deter). (2) (a copy, transcript). exemptus -a -um, partic. of eximo; q.v. exentero -are, (to torture, exhaust). exeo -ire -ii (-ivi) -itum, intransit., (to go out, go away, go forth; to pass from) state to state; (to, get out, to become known); of time, (to come to an end, pass away); transit., (to pass over); also (to ward off). exeq-, see exseq-. exerceo -ere -ui -itum, (to keep at work, exercise, train, cultivate); of abstr. things, (to employ, exploit); of feelings, arts, and processes, (to practice, exercise); of the, mind, (to train); hence (to overwork, harass, trouble). Hence partic., exercitus -a -um, (trained, schooled; harassed; severe, vexatious). exercitatio -onis, f. (practice, exercise; experience). exercitium -i, n. (practice, training). exercito -are, (to train hard, keep at work). Hence exercitatus -a -um, (trained, practiced, exercised; troubled, harassed). exercitus (1) -a -um, partic. of exerceo; q.v. exercitus (2) -us, m. (training; a trained body of soldiers, army); esp. (the infantry); poet. in, gen., (crowd, swarm). exesor -oris, m. (one who gnaws or eats away). exhalatio -onis, f. (exhalation, vapor). exhalo -are, transit., (to exhale, breathe out); intransit., of things, (to steam); of, persons, (to expire). exhaurio -haurire -hausi -haustum, (1) (to draw out); in gen., (to remove, take out, take away). (2) (to drain, dry, empty out, impoverish; to finish, bring to an end; to endure, suffer). exheredo -are, (to disinherit). exheres -edis, (disinherited). exhibeo -hibere -hibui -hibitum, (to produce, show, display, exhibit, present; to offer, allow; to produce by, making, to cause). exhilaro -are, (to make cheerful). exhorresco -horrescere -horrui, (to shudder exceedingly, be terrified); transit., (to tremble at, to dread). exhortatio -onis, f. (exhortation, encouragement). exhortativus -a -um, (of exhortation). exhortor -ari, dep. (to exhort, encourage). exigo -igere -egi -actum, (1) (to drive out or away; to force out, exact, demand; to sell). (2) (to, drive through); hence (to complete, finish; to determine, settle, adjust, regulate; to ascertain, decide). Hence partic. exactus -a -um, (accurate, precise, exact). exiguitas -atis, f. (littleness, smallness). exiguus -a -um, (small, little, scanty); of quantity, in size, (small); in number, (scanty);, in time, (short); of quality, (meager). N. as subst. exiguum -i, (small, extent). Adv. exigue, (sparingly, scantily, scarcely). exilis -e, (thin, slender, meager); in possessions, (poor); with genit., (without); of, style, (dry, dreary). Adv. exiliter, (thinly, poorly, meagerly). exilitas -atis, f. (thinness, meagerness, weakness). eximius -a -um, (excepted); hence (selected; exceptional, distinguished). Adv. eximie, (uncommonly, exceptionally). eximo -imere -emi -emptum, (to take out, take away), esp. off a list or out of a group; (to free, release; to take away, remove) an abstr. thing; of time, (to waste). exin, = exinde. q.v. exinanio -ire, (to empty); 'gentes', (to plunder). exinde (exin, exim): in space, (thence, next); in time, (thereupon, after that, then); in, logic, (consequently, accordingly). existimatio -onis, f. (the opinion that a man has, judgement; the opinion that others have of a, man), esp. morally, (reputation, good name, honor, character); in finance, (credit). existimator -oris, m. (one who forms or gives an opinion, a critic). existimo (-umo) -are, (to judge a thing according to its value); in gen., (to judge, consider, regard). exitiabilis -e, (deadly, destructive). exitialis -e, (destructive, fatal, deadly). exitio -onis, f. (going out). exitiosus -a -um, (destructive, fatal, deadly). exitium -i, n. (going out or away); hence (destruction, ruin); also (a cause of, destruction). exitus -us, m. (going out, going forth; a means of going out, exit; end, finish; issue, result). exlex -legis, (bound by no law, lawless, reckless). exmoveo, = emoveo; q.v. exobsecro -are, (to entreat earnestly). exoculo -are, (to deprive of eyes). exodium -i, n. (a comic afterpiece). exolesco -olescere -olevi -oletum, (to grow old and weak, decay, fade out); partic. exoletus -a -um, (worn out);, m. as subst. (a dissolute person). exonero -are, (to unload, disburden); in gen., (to free, release, relieve). exopto -are, (to desire eagerly, long for); partic. exoptatus -a -um, (desired, longed, for). exorabilis -e, (able to be entreated, placable). exorator -oris, m. (one who entreats successfully). exordior -ordiri -orsus, dep. (to begin to weave); in gen., (to begin). Partic. in pass. sense exorsus, -a -um, (begun). exordium -i, n. (the warp of a web); in gen., (a beginning); esp. (the beginning of a, speech). exorior -oriri -ortus, dep.(to rise, spring up, issue, appear, come forward). exornatio -onis, f. (adorning, ornament). exornator -oris, m. (one who adorns, an embellisher). exorno -are, (to furnish, provide plentifully); also (to ornament, adorn). exoro -are, (to entreat successfully, obtain a thing by entreaty, prevail upon a person). exorsus (1) -a -um, partic. of exordior; q.v. exorsus (2) -us, m. (a beginning). exortus -us, m. (a rising; the East). exos -ossis, (without bones). exosculor -ari, dep. (to kiss). exosso -are, (to bone, take out the bones). exostra -ae, f. (a theatrical machine, revealing the inside of a house to the spectators). exosus -a -um, (hating exceedingly). exoticus -a -um, (foreign, outlandish, exotic). expallesco -pallescere -pallui, (to become very pale); with acc.(to dread). expalpo -are, (to coax out). expando -ere, (to stretch out, expand, spread out). Transf., (to explain). expavesco -pavescere -pavi, (to grow very frightened); with acc. (to dread exceedingly). expedio -ire -ivi and -ii -itum, (to free from a snare, disengage, disentangle, set free; to get things ready, for action); fig., (to release, clear, set free, set straight); in speech, (to, clear up a point, explain); 'res expedit', or impers. 'expedit', (it is, expedient, useful, advantageous). Hence partic. expeditus -a -um, (unshackled, unimpeded); milit., (lightly equipped); in gen., (free, ready); n. as subst., (clear ground); of abstr. things, (clear, settled, ready). Adv. expedite, (freely, easily). expeditio -onis, f. (a military operation, expedition). expello -pellere -puli -pulsum, (to drive out, expel, thrust away). expendo -pendere -pendi -pensum, (to weigh out); esp. (to weigh out in payment, pay out, put down); sometimes, (to pay a penalty). Transf., (to value, rate); in gen., (to weigh up, consider). Hence partic. expensus -a -um, (weighed out), hence (paid out);, 'ferre homini expensum', (to note a thing as paid to a person, to charge to)., N. as subst. expensum -i, (payment). expergefacio -facere -feci -factum, (to awaken, rouse, excite). expergiscor -pergisci -perrectus, dep. (to wake up, arouse oneself). expergo -pergere -pergi -pergitum, (to awaken). experientia -ae, f.(trial, testing, attempt; knowledge gained by experience). experimentum -i, n. (experience; proof from experience). experior -periri -pertus, dep. (to try, test, prove, put to the test); 'experiri ius', (to go to law);, in perf., (to know by having tried, know by experience; to try to do a thing)., Pres. partic. experiens -entis, (enterprising, venturesome). Perf. partic., expertus -a -um: pass., (tested, tried, approved); act., (with experience, experienced). experrectus -a -um, partic. of espergiscor; q.v. expers -pertis, (having no part in, not sharing in; wanting in, destitute of). expertus -a -um, partic. from experior; q.v. expetesso -ere, (to desire, wish for). expeto -ere -ii and -ivi -itum, transit. (to desire, strive after, make for); of things due, (to demand, require);with infin.(to seek to do);intransit. (to fall upon). expiatio -onis, f. (atonement, expiation). expilatio -onis, f. (plundering, robbing). expilator -oris, m. (plunderer, robber). expilo -are, (to plunder, rob). expingo -pingere -pinxi -pictum, (to paint over); fig., (to describe, depict in writing). expio -are, (to propitiate, appease) an offending or threatening power; (to purify what is, defiled); (to atone for an offence). expiscor -ari, dep. (to fish out; to search out, find out). explanatio -onis, f. (making clear, explanation); rhet., (illustration), also (clear, articulation). explanator -oris, m. (one who explains; an interpreter). explano -are, (to make level, smooth out); hence (to explain, make clear; to set out, clearly, or articulate clearly). explaudo, = explodo; q.v. explementum -i, n. (filling, stuffing). expleo -plere -plevi -pletum, (to fill, fill up; to complete) a required amount; (to make good) losses, etc.; in quality, (to complete, perfect); of time, (to complete, finish); of, duties, (to fulfil, discharge); of wants, (to satisfy, quench, appease). Hence, partic. expletus -a -um, (perfect, complete). expletio -onis, f. (satisfying). explicatio -onis, f. (unfolding, uncoiling). Transf., (explanation, interpretation). explicator -oris, m. (interpreter, explainer). explicatrix -icis, f. (interpreter, explainer). explicatus (1) -a -um, partic. from explico; q.v. explicatus (2) -us, m. (explanation, exposition). explico -are -avi -atum and -ui -itum, (to unfold, unroll, disentangle); in gen., (to spread out, extend, expand);, milit., (to extend ranks, deploy). Transf., (to disentangle, put in order); of, a debt, (to pay off); (to explain, expound, interpret; to set free). Hence, partic. explicatus -a -um, (ordered, arranged; made plain, clear); also, explicitus -a -um, (straightforward, easy);adv. explicate, (plainly). explodo (-plaudo) -plodere -plosi -plosum, (to hiss an actor off the stage); in gen., (to scare off, reject). exploratio -onis, f. (investigation). explorator -oris, m. (explorer, scout, spy). exploro -are, (to search out, investigate, explore); milit., (to spy out, reconnoitre); (to, test, try, put to proof). Hence partic. exploratus -a -um, (established, confirmed, certain); 'exploratum habeo', (I am sure); adv. explorate, (certainly, surely, definitely). expolio -ire -ii and -ivi -itum, (to smooth, polish, refine); partic. expolitus -a -um, (smooth, polished). expolitio -onis, f. (smoothing, polishing). expono -ponere -posui -positum, (1) (to put outside, cast out); (to expose a child); naut. (to land, disembark). (2) (to put on view, display, show); in words, (to set forth, explain, exhibit). Hence partic. expositus (expostus) -a -um, (exposed, open, accessible); of persons, (affable); in bad sense, (vulgar). exporrigo -rigere -rexi -rectum, (to stretch out, expand, smooth out). exportatio -onis, f. (exportation). exporto -are, (to carry out); esp. (to export). exposco -poscere -poposci, (to implore, entreat earnestly); esp. (to demand the surrender of) a person. expositio -onis, f. (putting out);hence (statement, exposition, narration). expostulatio -onis, f. (complaint, expostulation). expostulo -are, (1) (to demand earnestly), esp. (to demand the surrender of a person). (2) (to, make a claim or complaint, to expostulate). expotus, = epotus; q.v. exprimo -primere -pressi -pressum, (1) (to press out, force out; to extort). (2) (to mold or form) one thing in, imitation of another; hence (to copy, express, portray, represent); esp., (to, express in words, describe; to translate; to articulate). (3) (to raise up). exprobratio -onis, f. (reproach, upbraiding). exprobro -are, (to reproach; to bring up a thing against a person). expromo -promere -prompsi -promptum, (to bring forth, produce, exhibit, display; to disclose, set forth, state, utter). expugnabilis -e, (that may be taken by storm). expugnatio -onis, f. (the taking of a place by storm). expugnator -oris, m. (taker, capturer); 'pudicitiae', (violator). expugno -are, (to take by storm, capture); hence (to overcome, subdue; to gain forcibly, extort); with ut and the subj., (bring it about that). expulsio -onis, f. (driving out, expulsion). expulsor -oris, m. (one who drives out). expultrix -tricis, f. (one who drives out). expungo -pungere -punxi -punctum, (to prick out); hence (to cancel, expunge). expurgatio -onis, f. (vindication, justification). expurgo -are, (to cleanse, purify). Hence (to cure; to purify; to justify, defend). exputesco -ere, (to rot away). exputo -are, (to lop away); hence (to consider; to comprehend). exquiro (-quaero) -quirere -quisivi -quisitum, (1) (to search for, look for, ask for). (2) (to search through, examine)., Hence partic. exquisitus -a -um, (carefully sought or worked out, choice, exquisite, artificial). Adv. exquisite, (accurately, carefully). exsaevio -ire, (to rage to an end, cease to rage). exsanguis -e, (bloodless, without blood; deathly pale); act., (making pale). exsarcio -sarcire -sartum, (to patch up, make good, repair). exsatio -are, (to satisfy thoroughly, satiate). exsaturabilis -e, (that can be satiated). exsaturo -are, (to satisfy, satiate). exscen-, see escen-. exscindo -scindere -scidi -scissum, (to tear out; to destroy utterly). exscreo -are, (to cough out). exscribo -scribere -scripsi -scriptum, (to write out; to copy; to note down, register). exsculpo -sculpere -sculpsi -sculptum, (to scratch out, erase; to carve or scoop out). exseco -secare -secui -sectum, (to cut out, cut away). exsecrabilis -e, (cursing, execrating). exsecratio -onis, f. (curse, execration; an oath containing an imprecation). exsecror -ari, dep. (to curse, execrate; to swear with an imprecation); partic. in pass., sense, exsecratus -a -um, (cursed, accursed). exsectio -onis, f. (cutting out). exsecutio -onis, f. (performance, accomplishment); 'exsecutio Syriae', (administration); of, speech, (a discussion). exsequiae -arum, f. pl. (a funeral procession). exsequialis -e, (belonging to a funeral procession). exsequor -sequi -secutus, dep. (to follow to the grave); in gen., (to follow to the end; to maintain, keep up; to carry out, accomplish, execute; to avenge, punish; to relate, describe, explain a thing; to suffer, endure). exsero -serere -serui -sertum, (to stretch out, thrust out); hence (to put forth, assert). Perf. partic., exsertus -a -um, (bared, protruding). exserto -are, (to stretch out). exsibilo -are, (to hiss out); esp. (to hiss an actor off the stage). exsicco -are, (to dry thoroughly; to drain dry, to empty by drinking). Hence partic., exsiccatus -a -um, of style, (dry, jejune). exsigno -are, (to mark out). exsilio -ire, (to leap out or up). exsilium -i, n. (banishment, exile). Transf., (place of exile); plur. = 'exules', (exiles). exsisto (existo) -sistere -stiti -stitum, (to stand forth, appear; to spring forth, arise, come into existence). exsolvo -solvere -solvi -solutum, (1) (to loosen, untie, unbind, open); 'glaciem', (to dissolve); of persons, (to disentangle, set free); of things, (to explain).(2) (to pay off; to, discharge any obligation, perform anything due). exsomnis -e, (sleepless, wakeful). exsorbeo -ere, (to suck up, suck dry). exsors -sortis, (without lot; for which no lot has been cast, specially chosen; having no, share in, deprived of (with genit.)). exspatior -ari, dep. (to deviate from the course); fig., (to digress). exspectabilis -e, (that is to be expected, probable). exspectatio -onis, f. (waiting, looking for, expectation) (with objective genit.). exspecto -are, (to look out for, wait for, await, wait to see (esp. with longing, fear, desire, etc.); to hope for, dread). Hence partic. (with compar. and superl.), exspectatus -a -um, (awaited, wished for, welcome). exspergo -spergere -spersum, (to sprinkle, scatter). exspes, (without hope, hopeless). exspiratio -onis, f. (exhalation). exspiro -are, transit., (to breathe out, exhale, emit); intransit., (to blow forth; to rush, forth; to give up the ghost, to die). exspolio -are, (to plunder, rob, despoil). exspuo -spuere -spui -sputum, (to spit out; to get rid of, cast away). exsterno -ere, (to frighten, terrify). exstillo -are, (to drop moisture, drip, trickle). exstimulator -oris, m. (inciter, instigator). exstimulo -are, (to goad, excite, instigate). exstinctio -onis, f. (annihilation, extinction). exstinctor -oris, m. (one who extinguishes, destroys, annihilates). exstinguo -stinguere -stinxi -stinctum, (to put out, extinguish); of persons, (to kill); in gen., (to abolish, destroy, annihilate). exstirpo -are, (to root out, extirpate). exsto (exto) -are, (to stand out, project; to be visible, show itself, appear; to be still in, existence, be extant). exstructio -onis, f. (building up, erection). exstruo -struere -struxi -structum, (to heap up, pile up, build up). exsuctus -a -um, partic. of exsugo; q.v. exsudo -are, intransit., (to come out in sweat, exude); transit., (to sweat out, sweat, through, perform with great labor). exsugo -sugere -suxi -suctum, (to suck out, suck dry). exsul -sulis, c. (a banished person, an exile). exsulo (exulo) -are, (to be banished, live in exile). exsultatio -onis, f. (leaping up; exultation, excessive rejoicing). exsultim, adv. (friskily). exsulto (exulto) -are, (to leap up frequently or violently). Transf., (to rejoice exceedingly, exult, triumph); of orators, etc.(to run riot, range freely). exsuperabilis -e, (that can be overcome). exsuperantia -ae, f. (superiority, pre-eminence). exsupero -are, intransit., (to mount up, appear above; to be prominent, excel); transit., (to, surmount; to surpass, exceed, overcome). exsurdo -are, (to deafen); of taste, (to make dull or blunt). exsurgo -surgere -surrexi, (to rise up, lift oneself up, stand up; to regain strength). exsuscito -are, (to awaken from sleep); of fire, (to kindle or fan); mentally, (to excite, arouse); 'se exsuscitare', (to make an effort). exta -orum, n. pl. (entrails of animals, esp. the heart, lungs, liver), used by Romans for, divination. extabesco -tabescere -tabui, (to waste away entirely; to vanish, disappear). extaris -e, (used for cooking). extemplo (-tempulo), (immediately, forthwith). extemporalis -e, (extemporary, unrehearsed). extendo -tendere -tendi -tensum and -tentum, (to stretch out, expand, extend); milit., (to extend in order of battle); in, gen., (to increase, extend); in time, (to extend, prolong); (to strain, exert). Hence partic. extentus -a -um, (wide, extensive). extento -are, (to stretch out, strain). extenuatio -onis, f. (thinning); as a figure of speech, (diminution, lessening). extenuo -are, (to make thin or small, to reduce, diminish); milit., (to extend); in gen.